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Monoclonal Antibodies and Hybridoma Technology Video Lecture | Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

FAQs on Monoclonal Antibodies and Hybridoma Technology Video Lecture - Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

1. What are monoclonal antibodies and how are they produced?

Ans.Monoclonal antibodies are identical antibodies produced from a single clone of B cells. They are generated through hybridoma technology, which involves fusing a specific type of immune cell (B cell) that produces a particular antibody with a myeloma (cancer) cell. This fusion results in hybrid cells, or hybridomas, that can both produce the desired antibody and replicate indefinitely. The hybridomas are then screened to identify those producing the target antibody, allowing for mass production of a single type of antibody.

2. What is hybridoma technology and what are its key steps?

Ans.Hybridoma technology is a method used to create monoclonal antibodies. The key steps include: (1) Immunization of a mouse with an antigen to elicit an immune response; (2) Extraction of the mouse's B cells from the spleen; (3) Fusion of these B cells with myeloma cells to form hybridomas; (4) Selection of hybridomas producing the desired antibody using selective media; (5) Cloning and expansion of these hybridomas to create a stable cell line; and (6) Harvesting and purifying the monoclonal antibodies produced by these cells.

3. What are the applications of monoclonal antibodies in medicine?

Ans.Monoclonal antibodies have various applications in medicine, including: (1) Diagnostics, where they are used in tests to detect diseases such as HIV, cancer markers, and infectious diseases; (2) Therapeutics, where they target specific cells for treatment, such as in cancer therapy, autoimmune diseases, and transplant rejection; (3) Imaging, where they are used as contrast agents in medical imaging techniques; and (4) Research tools, where they facilitate the study of proteins and cellular processes in biological research.

4. How do monoclonal antibodies differ from polyclonal antibodies?

Ans.Monoclonal antibodies are derived from a single clone of B cells and are specific to a single epitope on an antigen, providing consistent and reproducible results. In contrast, polyclonal antibodies are produced by different B cell lineages in response to an antigen and can recognize multiple epitopes. This leads to greater variability in polyclonal antibody preparations, which may result in less specificity and consistency compared to monoclonal antibodies.

5. What are some challenges associated with the production and use of monoclonal antibodies?

Ans.Challenges associated with monoclonal antibodies include: (1) The high cost of production, which can limit their availability and accessibility; (2) Potential for immunogenicity, where the human body may recognize these antibodies as foreign, leading to adverse immune responses; (3) Stability and storage issues, as monoclonal antibodies may require specific conditions to maintain efficacy; and (4) Regulatory hurdles, as monoclonal antibody therapies must undergo rigorous testing and approval processes before they can be used clinically.

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Sep 28, 2025 Last updated

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