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FAQs on Most Stable Nuclei Among Members of Isobaric Family - Nuclear and Particle Physics for GATE - GATE Physics
| 1. What is an isobaric family in nuclear physics? |  |
Ans. An isobaric family in nuclear physics refers to a group of atomic nuclei that have the same mass number (A) but different atomic numbers (Z). In other words, isobars are nuclei with the same sum of protons and neutrons but different numbers of protons.
| 2. How is the stability of a nucleus determined in the isobaric family? | |
Ans. The stability of a nucleus in the isobaric family is determined by the ratio of neutrons to protons (N/Z ratio). Nuclei with a balanced or close to balanced N/Z ratio tend to be more stable. If the N/Z ratio deviates significantly from the stable range, the nucleus becomes unstable and may undergo radioactive decay.
| 3. Which isotopes are considered the most stable among the members of the isobaric family? | |
Ans. Among the members of the isobaric family, isotopes with a large number of protons and neutrons tend to be the most stable. For example, isotopes with magic numbers of protons and neutrons, such as helium-4 (2 protons and 2 neutrons), oxygen-16 (8 protons and 8 neutrons), and lead-208 (82 protons and 126 neutrons), are highly stable.
| 4. How does the stability of isotopes change within the isobaric family as the atomic number increases? | |
Ans. As the atomic number increases within the isobaric family, the stability of isotopes generally decreases. This is because the repulsive forces between protons in the nucleus become stronger, making it more difficult to maintain stability. Additionally, the N/Z ratio tends to deviate from the stable range, leading to increased instability and a higher likelihood of radioactive decay.
| 5. Why is the study of stable nuclei important in nuclear physics? | |
Ans. The study of stable nuclei in nuclear physics is important for various reasons. Firstly, it provides a basis for understanding the properties and behavior of unstable or radioactive nuclei. Secondly, stable nuclei serve as reference points for studying nuclear reactions and processes. Finally, stable nuclei play a crucial role in nuclear energy applications, such as nuclear power generation and nuclear medicine.
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