Multiplication using the area model/grid method | Year 5 Mathematics PDF Download

Introduction

When multiplying two 2-digit numbers, we can employ the area model, a visual method that breaks down the multiplication into simpler calculations.

Examples

Example: 1

This method employs a visual representation to aid in understanding multiplications involving larger numbers. It utilizes the concept that the area of a rectangle equals the length multiplied by the width. Let's begin by applying this method to multiply two-digit numbers together.

Therefore, we're breaking down a challenging calculation, such as 16 × 14, into four simpler calculations that we already know how to solve.
The solutions to these four simpler calculations can all be combined to provide the solution to the original challenging question.
16 x 14 = (10 x 10) + (10 x 6) + (4 x 10) + (4 x 6)
= 100 + 60 + 40 + 24
= 224

Example: 2

• Step 1: When setting up your multiplication using an area model, draw a grid and partition each number into its tens and ones.
  
• Step 2: Begin by multiplying the tens from each number together. Then, multiply the tens from each number by the ones, filling out all four sections of the grid.
  
• Step 3: Add the four numbers from inside the grid together to obtain the result of your multiplication.

Example: 3

Calculate 38 x 44.

• Step 1: Divide the numbers into the grid.
  
• Step 2: Begin by multiplying the tens from each number together. Next, multiply the tens from each number by the ones, completing all four sections of the grid.
  
• Step 3: Sum up all the boxes to get the final result.