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Mutation & Genetic Code Video Lecture | MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations

FAQs on Mutation & Genetic Code Video Lecture - MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations

1. What is a mutation in the context of genetics?

Ans. A mutation refers to a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. It can occur naturally or be induced by external factors such as radiation or chemicals. Mutations can lead to changes in an organism's traits and can be passed on to future generations.

2. How does mutation contribute to genetic diversity?

Ans. Mutation plays a crucial role in generating genetic diversity within a population. By introducing new genetic variations, mutations provide the raw material for evolution to act upon. These variations can lead to the development of new traits, allowing organisms to adapt to changing environments and increasing the chances of survival and reproduction.

3. What are the types of mutations?

Ans. There are several types of mutations, including point mutations, insertions, deletions, and chromosomal rearrangements. Point mutations involve changes in a single nucleotide base, while insertions and deletions involve the addition or removal of DNA segments. Chromosomal rearrangements occur when large segments of DNA are rearranged or duplicated within the genome.

4. How does the genetic code determine the production of proteins?

Ans. The genetic code is a set of rules that determines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA encodes the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Each three-nucleotide sequence, called a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid or a start/stop signal. During protein synthesis, the genetic code is read by ribosomes, which assemble the appropriate amino acids in the order specified by the codons.

5. Can mutations in the genetic code affect protein production?

Ans. Yes, mutations in the genetic code can affect protein production. Point mutations, for example, can change a specific codon, leading to the incorporation of a different amino acid in the protein sequence. This alteration can impact the protein's structure and function, potentially leading to diseases or other phenotypic changes in organisms.

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Oct 22, 2025 Last updated

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	MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations 367 videos\|157 docs\|88 tests

MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations

367 videos|157 docs|88 tests

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