NCERT Textbook - दोस्त की मदद Class 2 Notes | EduRev

 Page 1


5- nksLr dh enn
fdlh rkykc esa ,d dNqvk jgrk FkkA rkykc
osQ ikl ek¡n esa jgus okyh ,d ykseM+h ls
mldh nksLrh gks xbZA ,d fnu os rkykc osQ
fdukjs xi'ki dj jgs Fks fd ,d rsanqvk ogk¡
vk;kA nksuksa vius&vius ?kj dh vksj tku
cpkdj HkkxsA ykseM+h rks ljiV nkSM+dj viuh
ek¡n esa ig
q
¡p xbZ ij dNqvk viuh /heh
pky osQ dkj.k rkykc rd ugha ig
q
¡p
ldkA rsanqvk ,d Nyk¡x esa ml
rd ig
q
¡p x;kA
27
2019-2020
Page 2


5- nksLr dh enn
fdlh rkykc esa ,d dNqvk jgrk FkkA rkykc
osQ ikl ek¡n esa jgus okyh ,d ykseM+h ls
mldh nksLrh gks xbZA ,d fnu os rkykc osQ
fdukjs xi'ki dj jgs Fks fd ,d rsanqvk ogk¡
vk;kA nksuksa vius&vius ?kj dh vksj tku
cpkdj HkkxsA ykseM+h rks ljiV nkSM+dj viuh
ek¡n esa ig
q
¡p xbZ ij dNqvk viuh /heh
pky osQ dkj.k rkykc rd ugha ig
q
¡p
ldkA rsanqvk ,d Nyk¡x esa ml
rd ig
q
¡p x;kA
27
2019-2020
28
dNq, dks dgha Nqius dk Hkh ekSdk u feykA rsanq, us
dNq, dks eq¡g esa idM+k vkSj mls [kkus osQ fy, ,d isM+
osQ uhps pyk x;k ysfdu nk¡rksa vkSj uk[kwuksa dk iwjk T
+
kksj
yxkus ij Hkh dNq, osQ l[r [kksy ij [kjksap rd ugha
vkbZA ykseM+h viuh ek¡n ls ;g ns[k jgh FkhA mlus dNq,
dks cpkus dh rjdhc lksphA mlus ek¡n ls >k¡ddj ckgj
ns[kk vkSj Hkksysiu osQ lkFk cksyhµ rasnq, th] dNq, osQ
[kksy dks rksM+us dk eSa vklku rjhdk crkrh g
w
¡A bls ikuh
esa IksaQd nksA FkksM+h nsj esa ikuh ls bldk [kksy uje gks
tk,xkA pkgks rks vkT
+
kekdj ns[k yks!
rsanq, us dgkµ Bhd gS] vHkh ns[k ysrk g
w
¡!
;g dgdj mlus dNq, dks ikuh esa isaQd fn;kA
cl fiQj D;k Fkk]
x;k dNqvk
ikuh esa!
28
2019-2020
Page 3


5- nksLr dh enn
fdlh rkykc esa ,d dNqvk jgrk FkkA rkykc
osQ ikl ek¡n esa jgus okyh ,d ykseM+h ls
mldh nksLrh gks xbZA ,d fnu os rkykc osQ
fdukjs xi'ki dj jgs Fks fd ,d rsanqvk ogk¡
vk;kA nksuksa vius&vius ?kj dh vksj tku
cpkdj HkkxsA ykseM+h rks ljiV nkSM+dj viuh
ek¡n esa ig
q
¡p xbZ ij dNqvk viuh /heh
pky osQ dkj.k rkykc rd ugha ig
q
¡p
ldkA rsanqvk ,d Nyk¡x esa ml
rd ig
q
¡p x;kA
27
2019-2020
28
dNq, dks dgha Nqius dk Hkh ekSdk u feykA rsanq, us
dNq, dks eq¡g esa idM+k vkSj mls [kkus osQ fy, ,d isM+
osQ uhps pyk x;k ysfdu nk¡rksa vkSj uk[kwuksa dk iwjk T
+
kksj
yxkus ij Hkh dNq, osQ l[r [kksy ij [kjksap rd ugha
vkbZA ykseM+h viuh ek¡n ls ;g ns[k jgh FkhA mlus dNq,
dks cpkus dh rjdhc lksphA mlus ek¡n ls >k¡ddj ckgj
ns[kk vkSj Hkksysiu osQ lkFk cksyhµ rasnq, th] dNq, osQ
[kksy dks rksM+us dk eSa vklku rjhdk crkrh g
w
¡A bls ikuh
esa IksaQd nksA FkksM+h nsj esa ikuh ls bldk [kksy uje gks
tk,xkA pkgks rks vkT
+
kekdj ns[k yks!
rsanq, us dgkµ Bhd gS] vHkh ns[k ysrk g
w
¡!
;g dgdj mlus dNq, dks ikuh esa isaQd fn;kA
cl fiQj D;k Fkk]
x;k dNqvk
ikuh esa!
28
2019-2020
29
dgkuh ls
• ykseM+h us dNq, dks cpkus dk D;k mik; lkspk\
• rsanq, us D;k ew[kZrk dh\
• rsanq, dh bl ew[kZrk ls dNq, dks D;k I
+
kQk;nk g
q
vk\
xi'ki
tc rsanqvk vk;k rc dNqvk vkSj ykseM+h xi'ki dj jgs FksA
lkspks os D;k ckras dj jgs gksaxs\ ;g rqe vius nksLr osQ lkFk
feydj lkspksA
lksph xbZ xi'ki ij rqe ukVd Hkh dj ldrs gksA
dNqvk pky
dNqvk cg
q
r /hjs&/hjs pyrk gSA blfy, tks cg
q
r /hjs pyrk gS
mlosQ fy, ge dgrs gSa&
og dNq, dh rjg pyrk gSA
vc crkvks buosQ fy, D;k dgsaxsµ
• tks rsT
+
k Hkkxrk gksA
og 
---------------------------
 dh rjg Hkkxrk gSA
• tks cg
q
r vPNk rSjkd gksA
og 
----------------------------
 dh rjg rSjrk gSA
2019-2020
Page 4


5- nksLr dh enn
fdlh rkykc esa ,d dNqvk jgrk FkkA rkykc
osQ ikl ek¡n esa jgus okyh ,d ykseM+h ls
mldh nksLrh gks xbZA ,d fnu os rkykc osQ
fdukjs xi'ki dj jgs Fks fd ,d rsanqvk ogk¡
vk;kA nksuksa vius&vius ?kj dh vksj tku
cpkdj HkkxsA ykseM+h rks ljiV nkSM+dj viuh
ek¡n esa ig
q
¡p xbZ ij dNqvk viuh /heh
pky osQ dkj.k rkykc rd ugha ig
q
¡p
ldkA rsanqvk ,d Nyk¡x esa ml
rd ig
q
¡p x;kA
27
2019-2020
28
dNq, dks dgha Nqius dk Hkh ekSdk u feykA rsanq, us
dNq, dks eq¡g esa idM+k vkSj mls [kkus osQ fy, ,d isM+
osQ uhps pyk x;k ysfdu nk¡rksa vkSj uk[kwuksa dk iwjk T
+
kksj
yxkus ij Hkh dNq, osQ l[r [kksy ij [kjksap rd ugha
vkbZA ykseM+h viuh ek¡n ls ;g ns[k jgh FkhA mlus dNq,
dks cpkus dh rjdhc lksphA mlus ek¡n ls >k¡ddj ckgj
ns[kk vkSj Hkksysiu osQ lkFk cksyhµ rasnq, th] dNq, osQ
[kksy dks rksM+us dk eSa vklku rjhdk crkrh g
w
¡A bls ikuh
esa IksaQd nksA FkksM+h nsj esa ikuh ls bldk [kksy uje gks
tk,xkA pkgks rks vkT
+
kekdj ns[k yks!
rsanq, us dgkµ Bhd gS] vHkh ns[k ysrk g
w
¡!
;g dgdj mlus dNq, dks ikuh esa isaQd fn;kA
cl fiQj D;k Fkk]
x;k dNqvk
ikuh esa!
28
2019-2020
29
dgkuh ls
• ykseM+h us dNq, dks cpkus dk D;k mik; lkspk\
• rsanq, us D;k ew[kZrk dh\
• rsanq, dh bl ew[kZrk ls dNq, dks D;k I
+
kQk;nk g
q
vk\
xi'ki
tc rsanqvk vk;k rc dNqvk vkSj ykseM+h xi'ki dj jgs FksA
lkspks os D;k ckras dj jgs gksaxs\ ;g rqe vius nksLr osQ lkFk
feydj lkspksA
lksph xbZ xi'ki ij rqe ukVd Hkh dj ldrs gksA
dNqvk pky
dNqvk cg
q
r /hjs&/hjs pyrk gSA blfy, tks cg
q
r /hjs pyrk gS
mlosQ fy, ge dgrs gSa&
og dNq, dh rjg pyrk gSA
vc crkvks buosQ fy, D;k dgsaxsµ
• tks rsT
+
k Hkkxrk gksA
og 
---------------------------
 dh rjg Hkkxrk gSA
• tks cg
q
r vPNk rSjkd gksA
og 
----------------------------
 dh rjg rSjrk gSA
2019-2020
30
rqEgkjh le> ls
tc rsanq, us dNq, dks idM+k rc
• og D;k lksp jgk gksxk\
• mlus ml le; fdls ;kn fd;k gksxk\
[kksy tSlk l[r\
• crkvks dNq, osQ [kksy tSlh l[r phT
+
ksa vkSj D;k gks ldrh gSa\
• ykseM+h us rsanq, dks dNq, dk [kksy rksM+us dk vklku rjhdk
crk;k FkkA D;k rqe ukfj;y dks rksM+us dk rjhdk lq>k ldrs gks\
,d ls vusd
,d dNqvk ikuh ls ckgj fudy vk;kA
rhu dNq, ikuh ls ckgj fudy vk,A
vc uhps fn, 'kCnksa dks cnydj fy[kksµ
• ,d diM+k rhu
-----------------------
• ,d #i;k ianzg
-----------------------
• ,d [kaHkk pkj
-----------------------
• ,d ikS/k vkB
-----------------------
• ,d irhyk nks
-----------------------
• ,d larjk nl
-----------------------
2019-2020
Page 5


5- nksLr dh enn
fdlh rkykc esa ,d dNqvk jgrk FkkA rkykc
osQ ikl ek¡n esa jgus okyh ,d ykseM+h ls
mldh nksLrh gks xbZA ,d fnu os rkykc osQ
fdukjs xi'ki dj jgs Fks fd ,d rsanqvk ogk¡
vk;kA nksuksa vius&vius ?kj dh vksj tku
cpkdj HkkxsA ykseM+h rks ljiV nkSM+dj viuh
ek¡n esa ig
q
¡p xbZ ij dNqvk viuh /heh
pky osQ dkj.k rkykc rd ugha ig
q
¡p
ldkA rsanqvk ,d Nyk¡x esa ml
rd ig
q
¡p x;kA
27
2019-2020
28
dNq, dks dgha Nqius dk Hkh ekSdk u feykA rsanq, us
dNq, dks eq¡g esa idM+k vkSj mls [kkus osQ fy, ,d isM+
osQ uhps pyk x;k ysfdu nk¡rksa vkSj uk[kwuksa dk iwjk T
+
kksj
yxkus ij Hkh dNq, osQ l[r [kksy ij [kjksap rd ugha
vkbZA ykseM+h viuh ek¡n ls ;g ns[k jgh FkhA mlus dNq,
dks cpkus dh rjdhc lksphA mlus ek¡n ls >k¡ddj ckgj
ns[kk vkSj Hkksysiu osQ lkFk cksyhµ rasnq, th] dNq, osQ
[kksy dks rksM+us dk eSa vklku rjhdk crkrh g
w
¡A bls ikuh
esa IksaQd nksA FkksM+h nsj esa ikuh ls bldk [kksy uje gks
tk,xkA pkgks rks vkT
+
kekdj ns[k yks!
rsanq, us dgkµ Bhd gS] vHkh ns[k ysrk g
w
¡!
;g dgdj mlus dNq, dks ikuh esa isaQd fn;kA
cl fiQj D;k Fkk]
x;k dNqvk
ikuh esa!
28
2019-2020
29
dgkuh ls
• ykseM+h us dNq, dks cpkus dk D;k mik; lkspk\
• rsanq, us D;k ew[kZrk dh\
• rsanq, dh bl ew[kZrk ls dNq, dks D;k I
+
kQk;nk g
q
vk\
xi'ki
tc rsanqvk vk;k rc dNqvk vkSj ykseM+h xi'ki dj jgs FksA
lkspks os D;k ckras dj jgs gksaxs\ ;g rqe vius nksLr osQ lkFk
feydj lkspksA
lksph xbZ xi'ki ij rqe ukVd Hkh dj ldrs gksA
dNqvk pky
dNqvk cg
q
r /hjs&/hjs pyrk gSA blfy, tks cg
q
r /hjs pyrk gS
mlosQ fy, ge dgrs gSa&
og dNq, dh rjg pyrk gSA
vc crkvks buosQ fy, D;k dgsaxsµ
• tks rsT
+
k Hkkxrk gksA
og 
---------------------------
 dh rjg Hkkxrk gSA
• tks cg
q
r vPNk rSjkd gksA
og 
----------------------------
 dh rjg rSjrk gSA
2019-2020
30
rqEgkjh le> ls
tc rsanq, us dNq, dks idM+k rc
• og D;k lksp jgk gksxk\
• mlus ml le; fdls ;kn fd;k gksxk\
[kksy tSlk l[r\
• crkvks dNq, osQ [kksy tSlh l[r phT
+
ksa vkSj D;k gks ldrh gSa\
• ykseM+h us rsanq, dks dNq, dk [kksy rksM+us dk vklku rjhdk
crk;k FkkA D;k rqe ukfj;y dks rksM+us dk rjhdk lq>k ldrs gks\
,d ls vusd
,d dNqvk ikuh ls ckgj fudy vk;kA
rhu dNq, ikuh ls ckgj fudy vk,A
vc uhps fn, 'kCnksa dks cnydj fy[kksµ
• ,d diM+k rhu
-----------------------
• ,d #i;k ianzg
-----------------------
• ,d [kaHkk pkj
-----------------------
• ,d ikS/k vkB
-----------------------
• ,d irhyk nks
-----------------------
• ,d larjk nl
-----------------------
2019-2020
31
fdldh pky
crkvks] ,sls dkSu&dkSu pyrk gS\
iqQnd&iqQnd dj
------------------- ---------------------
pkSdM+h Hkjdj
------------------- ---------------------
Nyk¡x yxkdj
------------------- ---------------------
jsax&jsax dj
------------------- ---------------------
eqyk;e&uje
ykseM+h us rsanq, dks crk;k Fkk fd ikuh esa isaQdus ls dNq, dk
[kksy eqyk;e gks tk,xkA
uhps fy[kh phT
+
kksa esa ls dkSu&dkSu lh phT
+
ksa ikuh esa isaQdus ls
eqyk;e gks tk,¡xh\ lgh txg ij fy[kksA
dkxT
+
k] ydM+h] fxykl] jksVh]
fcfLdV] IysV] iÙkk] ekse] :bZ] ikiM+
eqyk;e gks tk,¡xh
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eqyk;e ugha gkasxh
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2019-2020