Class 8 Exam  >  Class 8 Notes  >  NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 8  >  NCERT Textbook: पाठ 16 - पानी की कहानी, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8

NCERT Textbook: पाठ 16 - पानी की कहानी, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8 | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 8 PDF Download

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70 olar Hkkx 3
      ikuh dh dgkuh
eSa vkxs c<+k gh Fkk fd csj dh >kM+h ij ls eksrh&lh ,d cw¡n esjs gkFk ij
vk iM+hA esjs vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk u jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd vksl dh cw¡n esjh
dykbZ ij ls ljddj gFksyh ij vk xbZA esjh n`f"V iM+rs gh og Bgj xbZA FkksM+h
nsj esa eq>s flrkj osQ rkjksa dh&lh >adkj lqukbZ nsus yxhA eSaus lkspk fd dksbZ ctk
jgk gksxkA pkjksa vksj ns[kkA dksbZ ughaA fiQj vuqHko gqvk fd ;g Loj esjh gFksyh
ls fudy jgk gSA è;ku ls ns[kus ij ekywe gqvk fd cw¡n osQ nks d.k gks x, gSa
vkSj os nksuksa fgy&fgydj ;g Loj mRiUu dj jgs gSa ekuks cksy jgs gksaA
mlh lqjhyh vkok”k esa eSaus lqukµ
¶lquks] lquks---¸
eSa pqi FkkA
fiQj vkok”k vkbZ] ¶lquks] lquksA¸
vc eq>ls u jgk x;kA esjs eq[k ls
fudy x;k] ¶dgks] dgksA¸
vksl dh cw¡n ekuks izlUurk ls fgyh
vkSj cksyhµ¶eSa vksl gw¡A¸
¶tkurk gw¡¸µeSaus dgkA
¶yksx eq>s ikuh dgrs gSa] ty HkhA¸
¶ekywe gSA¸
¶eSa csj osQ isM+ esa ls vkbZ gw¡A¸
¶>wBh]¸ eSaus dgk vkSj lkspk] ^csj
osQ isM+ ls D;k ikuh dk iQOokjk fudyrk
gS*\
12
Rationalised-2023-24
Page 2


70 olar Hkkx 3
      ikuh dh dgkuh
eSa vkxs c<+k gh Fkk fd csj dh >kM+h ij ls eksrh&lh ,d cw¡n esjs gkFk ij
vk iM+hA esjs vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk u jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd vksl dh cw¡n esjh
dykbZ ij ls ljddj gFksyh ij vk xbZA esjh n`f"V iM+rs gh og Bgj xbZA FkksM+h
nsj esa eq>s flrkj osQ rkjksa dh&lh >adkj lqukbZ nsus yxhA eSaus lkspk fd dksbZ ctk
jgk gksxkA pkjksa vksj ns[kkA dksbZ ughaA fiQj vuqHko gqvk fd ;g Loj esjh gFksyh
ls fudy jgk gSA è;ku ls ns[kus ij ekywe gqvk fd cw¡n osQ nks d.k gks x, gSa
vkSj os nksuksa fgy&fgydj ;g Loj mRiUu dj jgs gSa ekuks cksy jgs gksaA
mlh lqjhyh vkok”k esa eSaus lqukµ
¶lquks] lquks---¸
eSa pqi FkkA
fiQj vkok”k vkbZ] ¶lquks] lquksA¸
vc eq>ls u jgk x;kA esjs eq[k ls
fudy x;k] ¶dgks] dgksA¸
vksl dh cw¡n ekuks izlUurk ls fgyh
vkSj cksyhµ¶eSa vksl gw¡A¸
¶tkurk gw¡¸µeSaus dgkA
¶yksx eq>s ikuh dgrs gSa] ty HkhA¸
¶ekywe gSA¸
¶eSa csj osQ isM+ esa ls vkbZ gw¡A¸
¶>wBh]¸ eSaus dgk vkSj lkspk] ^csj
osQ isM+ ls D;k ikuh dk iQOokjk fudyrk
gS*\
12
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            71
cw¡n fiQj fgyhA ekuks esjs vfo'okl ls mls nq[k gqvk gksA
¶lquksA eSa bl isM+ osQ ikl dh Hkwfe esa cgqr fnuksa ls bèkj&mèkj ?kwe jgh FkhA
eSa d.kksa dk ân; VVksyrh fiQjrh Fkh fd ,dk,d idM+h xbZA¸
¶oSQls]¸ eSaus iwNkA
¶og tks isM+ rqe ns[krs gks u! og mQij gh bruk cM+k ugha gS] i`Foh esa Hkh
yxHkx bruk gh cM+k gSA mldh cM+h tM+sa] NksVh tM+sa vkSj tM+ksa osQ jks,¡ gSaA os
jks,¡ cM+s funZ;h gksrs gSaA eq> tSls vla[; ty&d.kksa dks os cyiwoZd i`Foh esa
ls [khap ysrs gSaA oqQN dks rks isM+ ,dne [kk tkrs gSa vkSj vfèkdka'k dk lc
oqQN Nhudj mUgsa ckgj fudky nsrs gSaA¸
ozQksèk vkSj ?k`.kk ls mldk 'kjhj dk¡i mBkA
¶rqe D;k le>rs gks fd os brus cMs+ ;ksa gh [kM+s gSaA mUgsa bruk cM+k cukus
osQ fy, esjs vla[; caèkqvksa us vius izk.k&uk'k fd, gSaA¸ eSa cM+s è;ku ls
mldh dgkuh lqu jgk FkkA
¶gk¡] rks eSa Hkwfe osQ [kfutksa dks vius 'kjhj esa ?kqykdj vkuan ls fiQj jgh
Fkh fd nqHkkZX;o'k ,d jks,¡ ls esjk 'kjhj Nw x;kA eSa dk¡ihA nwj Hkkxus dk iz;Ru
fd;k ijarq os idM+dj NksM+uk ugha tkursA eSa jks,¡ esa [khap yh xbZA¸
¶fiQj D;k gqvk\¸ eSaus iwNkA esjh mRlqdrk c<+ pyh FkhA
¶eSa ,d dksBjh esa can dj nh xbZA FkksM+h nsj ckn ,slk tku iM+k fd dksbZ
eq>s ihNs ls èkDdk ns jgk gS vkSj dksbZ ekuks gkFk idM+dj vkxs dks [khap jgk
gksA esjk ,d HkkbZ Hkh ogk¡ yk;k x;kA mlosQ fy, LFkku cukus osQ dkj.k eq>s
nck;k tk jgk FkkA vkxs ,d vkSj cw¡n esjk gkFk idM+dj mQij [khap jgh FkhA
eSa mu nksuksa osQ chp fil pyhA¸
¶eSa yxHkx rhu fnu rd ;g lk¡lr Hkksxrh jghA eSa iÙkksa osQ uUgsa&uUgsa Nsnksa
ls gksdj tSls&rSls tku cpkdj HkkxhA eSaus lkspk Fkk fd iÙks ij igq¡prs gh mM+
tkm¡QxhA ijarq] ckgj fudyus ij Kkr gqvk fd jkr gksusokyh Fkh vkSj lw;Z tks
gesa mM+us dh 'kfDr nsrs gSa] tk pqosQ gSa] vkSj ok;qeaMy esa brus ty d.k mM+
jgs gSa fd esjs fy, ogk¡ LFkku ugha gS rks eSa vius HkkX; ij Hkjkslk dj iÙkksa ij
Rationalised-2023-24
Page 3


70 olar Hkkx 3
      ikuh dh dgkuh
eSa vkxs c<+k gh Fkk fd csj dh >kM+h ij ls eksrh&lh ,d cw¡n esjs gkFk ij
vk iM+hA esjs vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk u jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd vksl dh cw¡n esjh
dykbZ ij ls ljddj gFksyh ij vk xbZA esjh n`f"V iM+rs gh og Bgj xbZA FkksM+h
nsj esa eq>s flrkj osQ rkjksa dh&lh >adkj lqukbZ nsus yxhA eSaus lkspk fd dksbZ ctk
jgk gksxkA pkjksa vksj ns[kkA dksbZ ughaA fiQj vuqHko gqvk fd ;g Loj esjh gFksyh
ls fudy jgk gSA è;ku ls ns[kus ij ekywe gqvk fd cw¡n osQ nks d.k gks x, gSa
vkSj os nksuksa fgy&fgydj ;g Loj mRiUu dj jgs gSa ekuks cksy jgs gksaA
mlh lqjhyh vkok”k esa eSaus lqukµ
¶lquks] lquks---¸
eSa pqi FkkA
fiQj vkok”k vkbZ] ¶lquks] lquksA¸
vc eq>ls u jgk x;kA esjs eq[k ls
fudy x;k] ¶dgks] dgksA¸
vksl dh cw¡n ekuks izlUurk ls fgyh
vkSj cksyhµ¶eSa vksl gw¡A¸
¶tkurk gw¡¸µeSaus dgkA
¶yksx eq>s ikuh dgrs gSa] ty HkhA¸
¶ekywe gSA¸
¶eSa csj osQ isM+ esa ls vkbZ gw¡A¸
¶>wBh]¸ eSaus dgk vkSj lkspk] ^csj
osQ isM+ ls D;k ikuh dk iQOokjk fudyrk
gS*\
12
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            71
cw¡n fiQj fgyhA ekuks esjs vfo'okl ls mls nq[k gqvk gksA
¶lquksA eSa bl isM+ osQ ikl dh Hkwfe esa cgqr fnuksa ls bèkj&mèkj ?kwe jgh FkhA
eSa d.kksa dk ân; VVksyrh fiQjrh Fkh fd ,dk,d idM+h xbZA¸
¶oSQls]¸ eSaus iwNkA
¶og tks isM+ rqe ns[krs gks u! og mQij gh bruk cM+k ugha gS] i`Foh esa Hkh
yxHkx bruk gh cM+k gSA mldh cM+h tM+sa] NksVh tM+sa vkSj tM+ksa osQ jks,¡ gSaA os
jks,¡ cM+s funZ;h gksrs gSaA eq> tSls vla[; ty&d.kksa dks os cyiwoZd i`Foh esa
ls [khap ysrs gSaA oqQN dks rks isM+ ,dne [kk tkrs gSa vkSj vfèkdka'k dk lc
oqQN Nhudj mUgsa ckgj fudky nsrs gSaA¸
ozQksèk vkSj ?k`.kk ls mldk 'kjhj dk¡i mBkA
¶rqe D;k le>rs gks fd os brus cMs+ ;ksa gh [kM+s gSaA mUgsa bruk cM+k cukus
osQ fy, esjs vla[; caèkqvksa us vius izk.k&uk'k fd, gSaA¸ eSa cM+s è;ku ls
mldh dgkuh lqu jgk FkkA
¶gk¡] rks eSa Hkwfe osQ [kfutksa dks vius 'kjhj esa ?kqykdj vkuan ls fiQj jgh
Fkh fd nqHkkZX;o'k ,d jks,¡ ls esjk 'kjhj Nw x;kA eSa dk¡ihA nwj Hkkxus dk iz;Ru
fd;k ijarq os idM+dj NksM+uk ugha tkursA eSa jks,¡ esa [khap yh xbZA¸
¶fiQj D;k gqvk\¸ eSaus iwNkA esjh mRlqdrk c<+ pyh FkhA
¶eSa ,d dksBjh esa can dj nh xbZA FkksM+h nsj ckn ,slk tku iM+k fd dksbZ
eq>s ihNs ls èkDdk ns jgk gS vkSj dksbZ ekuks gkFk idM+dj vkxs dks [khap jgk
gksA esjk ,d HkkbZ Hkh ogk¡ yk;k x;kA mlosQ fy, LFkku cukus osQ dkj.k eq>s
nck;k tk jgk FkkA vkxs ,d vkSj cw¡n esjk gkFk idM+dj mQij [khap jgh FkhA
eSa mu nksuksa osQ chp fil pyhA¸
¶eSa yxHkx rhu fnu rd ;g lk¡lr Hkksxrh jghA eSa iÙkksa osQ uUgsa&uUgsa Nsnksa
ls gksdj tSls&rSls tku cpkdj HkkxhA eSaus lkspk Fkk fd iÙks ij igq¡prs gh mM+
tkm¡QxhA ijarq] ckgj fudyus ij Kkr gqvk fd jkr gksusokyh Fkh vkSj lw;Z tks
gesa mM+us dh 'kfDr nsrs gSa] tk pqosQ gSa] vkSj ok;qeaMy esa brus ty d.k mM+
jgs gSa fd esjs fy, ogk¡ LFkku ugha gS rks eSa vius HkkX; ij Hkjkslk dj iÙkksa ij
Rationalised-2023-24
72 olar Hkkx 3
gh floqQM+h iM+h jghA vHkh tc rqEgsa ns[kk rks tku esa tku vkbZ vkSj j{kk ikus
osQ fy, rqEgkjs gkFk ij owQn iM+hA¸
bl nq[k rFkk Hkkoiw.kZ dgkuh dk eq> ij cM+k izHkko iM+kA eSaus dgkµ ¶tc
rd rqe esjs ikl gks dksbZ iÙkk rqEgsa u Nw losQxkA¸
¶HkS;k] rqEgsa blosQ fy, èkU;okn gSA eSa tc rd lw;Z u fudys rHkh rd
j{kk pkgrh gw¡A mudk n'kZu djrs gh eq>esa mM+us dh 'kfDr vk tk,xhA esjk
thou fofp=k ?kVukvksa ls ifjiw.kZ gSA eSa mldh dgkuh rqEgsa lqukm¡Qxh rks rqEgkjk
gkFk rfud Hkh u nq[ksxkA¸
¶vPNk lqukvksA¸
¶cgqr fnu gq,] esjs iqj[ks gnztu (gkbMªkstu) vkSj vks"ktu (vkWDlhtu)
uked nks xSlsa lw;ZeaMy esa yiVksa osQ :i esa fo|eku FkhaA¸
¶lw;ZeaMy vius fuf'pr ekxZ ij pDdj dkV jgk FkkA os fnu Fks tc gekjs
czãkaM esa mFky&iqFky gks jgh FkhA vusd xzg vkSj mixzg cu jgs FksA¸
¶Bgjks] D;k rqEgkjs iqj[ks vc lw;ZeaMy esa ugha gaS\¸
¶gSa] muosQ oa'kt viuh Hk;kog yiVksa ls vc Hkh mudk eq[k mTToy fd,
gq, gSaA gk¡] rks esjs iqj[ks cM+h izlUurk ls lw;Z osQ èkjkry ij ukprs jgrs FksA ,d
fnu dh ckr gS fd nwj ,d izpaM izdk'k&fiaM fn[kkbZ iM+kA mudh vk¡[ksa
pkSafèk;kus yxhaA ;g fiaM cM+h rs”kh ls lw;Z dh vksj c<+ jgk FkkA T;ksa&T;ksa ikl
vkrk tkrk Fkk] mldk vkdkj c<+rk tkrk FkkA ;g lw;Z ls yk[kksa xquk cM+k FkkA
mldh egku vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr ls gekjk lw;Z dk¡i mBkA ,slk Kkr gqvk fd ml
xzgjkt ls Vdjkdj gekjk lw;Z pw.kZ gks tk,xkA oSlk u gqvkA og lw;Z ls lglzksa
ehy nwj ls gh ?kwe pyk] ijarq mldh Hkh"k.k vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr osQ dkj.k lw;Z dk
,d Hkkx VwVdj mlosQ ihNs pykA lw;Z ls VwVk gqvk Hkkx bruk Hkkjh f[kapko
l¡Hkky u ldk vkSj dbZ VqdM+ksa esa VwV x;kA mUgha esa ls ,d VqdM+k gekjh i`Foh
gSA ;g izkjaHk esa ,d cM+k vkx dk xksyk FkhA¸
¶,slk\ ijarq mu yiVksa ls rqe ikuh oSQls cuhA¸
¶eq>s Bhd irk ughaA gk¡] ;g lgh gS fd gekjk xzg BaMk gksrk pyk x;k
Rationalised-2023-24
Page 4


70 olar Hkkx 3
      ikuh dh dgkuh
eSa vkxs c<+k gh Fkk fd csj dh >kM+h ij ls eksrh&lh ,d cw¡n esjs gkFk ij
vk iM+hA esjs vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk u jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd vksl dh cw¡n esjh
dykbZ ij ls ljddj gFksyh ij vk xbZA esjh n`f"V iM+rs gh og Bgj xbZA FkksM+h
nsj esa eq>s flrkj osQ rkjksa dh&lh >adkj lqukbZ nsus yxhA eSaus lkspk fd dksbZ ctk
jgk gksxkA pkjksa vksj ns[kkA dksbZ ughaA fiQj vuqHko gqvk fd ;g Loj esjh gFksyh
ls fudy jgk gSA è;ku ls ns[kus ij ekywe gqvk fd cw¡n osQ nks d.k gks x, gSa
vkSj os nksuksa fgy&fgydj ;g Loj mRiUu dj jgs gSa ekuks cksy jgs gksaA
mlh lqjhyh vkok”k esa eSaus lqukµ
¶lquks] lquks---¸
eSa pqi FkkA
fiQj vkok”k vkbZ] ¶lquks] lquksA¸
vc eq>ls u jgk x;kA esjs eq[k ls
fudy x;k] ¶dgks] dgksA¸
vksl dh cw¡n ekuks izlUurk ls fgyh
vkSj cksyhµ¶eSa vksl gw¡A¸
¶tkurk gw¡¸µeSaus dgkA
¶yksx eq>s ikuh dgrs gSa] ty HkhA¸
¶ekywe gSA¸
¶eSa csj osQ isM+ esa ls vkbZ gw¡A¸
¶>wBh]¸ eSaus dgk vkSj lkspk] ^csj
osQ isM+ ls D;k ikuh dk iQOokjk fudyrk
gS*\
12
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            71
cw¡n fiQj fgyhA ekuks esjs vfo'okl ls mls nq[k gqvk gksA
¶lquksA eSa bl isM+ osQ ikl dh Hkwfe esa cgqr fnuksa ls bèkj&mèkj ?kwe jgh FkhA
eSa d.kksa dk ân; VVksyrh fiQjrh Fkh fd ,dk,d idM+h xbZA¸
¶oSQls]¸ eSaus iwNkA
¶og tks isM+ rqe ns[krs gks u! og mQij gh bruk cM+k ugha gS] i`Foh esa Hkh
yxHkx bruk gh cM+k gSA mldh cM+h tM+sa] NksVh tM+sa vkSj tM+ksa osQ jks,¡ gSaA os
jks,¡ cM+s funZ;h gksrs gSaA eq> tSls vla[; ty&d.kksa dks os cyiwoZd i`Foh esa
ls [khap ysrs gSaA oqQN dks rks isM+ ,dne [kk tkrs gSa vkSj vfèkdka'k dk lc
oqQN Nhudj mUgsa ckgj fudky nsrs gSaA¸
ozQksèk vkSj ?k`.kk ls mldk 'kjhj dk¡i mBkA
¶rqe D;k le>rs gks fd os brus cMs+ ;ksa gh [kM+s gSaA mUgsa bruk cM+k cukus
osQ fy, esjs vla[; caèkqvksa us vius izk.k&uk'k fd, gSaA¸ eSa cM+s è;ku ls
mldh dgkuh lqu jgk FkkA
¶gk¡] rks eSa Hkwfe osQ [kfutksa dks vius 'kjhj esa ?kqykdj vkuan ls fiQj jgh
Fkh fd nqHkkZX;o'k ,d jks,¡ ls esjk 'kjhj Nw x;kA eSa dk¡ihA nwj Hkkxus dk iz;Ru
fd;k ijarq os idM+dj NksM+uk ugha tkursA eSa jks,¡ esa [khap yh xbZA¸
¶fiQj D;k gqvk\¸ eSaus iwNkA esjh mRlqdrk c<+ pyh FkhA
¶eSa ,d dksBjh esa can dj nh xbZA FkksM+h nsj ckn ,slk tku iM+k fd dksbZ
eq>s ihNs ls èkDdk ns jgk gS vkSj dksbZ ekuks gkFk idM+dj vkxs dks [khap jgk
gksA esjk ,d HkkbZ Hkh ogk¡ yk;k x;kA mlosQ fy, LFkku cukus osQ dkj.k eq>s
nck;k tk jgk FkkA vkxs ,d vkSj cw¡n esjk gkFk idM+dj mQij [khap jgh FkhA
eSa mu nksuksa osQ chp fil pyhA¸
¶eSa yxHkx rhu fnu rd ;g lk¡lr Hkksxrh jghA eSa iÙkksa osQ uUgsa&uUgsa Nsnksa
ls gksdj tSls&rSls tku cpkdj HkkxhA eSaus lkspk Fkk fd iÙks ij igq¡prs gh mM+
tkm¡QxhA ijarq] ckgj fudyus ij Kkr gqvk fd jkr gksusokyh Fkh vkSj lw;Z tks
gesa mM+us dh 'kfDr nsrs gSa] tk pqosQ gSa] vkSj ok;qeaMy esa brus ty d.k mM+
jgs gSa fd esjs fy, ogk¡ LFkku ugha gS rks eSa vius HkkX; ij Hkjkslk dj iÙkksa ij
Rationalised-2023-24
72 olar Hkkx 3
gh floqQM+h iM+h jghA vHkh tc rqEgsa ns[kk rks tku esa tku vkbZ vkSj j{kk ikus
osQ fy, rqEgkjs gkFk ij owQn iM+hA¸
bl nq[k rFkk Hkkoiw.kZ dgkuh dk eq> ij cM+k izHkko iM+kA eSaus dgkµ ¶tc
rd rqe esjs ikl gks dksbZ iÙkk rqEgsa u Nw losQxkA¸
¶HkS;k] rqEgsa blosQ fy, èkU;okn gSA eSa tc rd lw;Z u fudys rHkh rd
j{kk pkgrh gw¡A mudk n'kZu djrs gh eq>esa mM+us dh 'kfDr vk tk,xhA esjk
thou fofp=k ?kVukvksa ls ifjiw.kZ gSA eSa mldh dgkuh rqEgsa lqukm¡Qxh rks rqEgkjk
gkFk rfud Hkh u nq[ksxkA¸
¶vPNk lqukvksA¸
¶cgqr fnu gq,] esjs iqj[ks gnztu (gkbMªkstu) vkSj vks"ktu (vkWDlhtu)
uked nks xSlsa lw;ZeaMy esa yiVksa osQ :i esa fo|eku FkhaA¸
¶lw;ZeaMy vius fuf'pr ekxZ ij pDdj dkV jgk FkkA os fnu Fks tc gekjs
czãkaM esa mFky&iqFky gks jgh FkhA vusd xzg vkSj mixzg cu jgs FksA¸
¶Bgjks] D;k rqEgkjs iqj[ks vc lw;ZeaMy esa ugha gaS\¸
¶gSa] muosQ oa'kt viuh Hk;kog yiVksa ls vc Hkh mudk eq[k mTToy fd,
gq, gSaA gk¡] rks esjs iqj[ks cM+h izlUurk ls lw;Z osQ èkjkry ij ukprs jgrs FksA ,d
fnu dh ckr gS fd nwj ,d izpaM izdk'k&fiaM fn[kkbZ iM+kA mudh vk¡[ksa
pkSafèk;kus yxhaA ;g fiaM cM+h rs”kh ls lw;Z dh vksj c<+ jgk FkkA T;ksa&T;ksa ikl
vkrk tkrk Fkk] mldk vkdkj c<+rk tkrk FkkA ;g lw;Z ls yk[kksa xquk cM+k FkkA
mldh egku vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr ls gekjk lw;Z dk¡i mBkA ,slk Kkr gqvk fd ml
xzgjkt ls Vdjkdj gekjk lw;Z pw.kZ gks tk,xkA oSlk u gqvkA og lw;Z ls lglzksa
ehy nwj ls gh ?kwe pyk] ijarq mldh Hkh"k.k vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr osQ dkj.k lw;Z dk
,d Hkkx VwVdj mlosQ ihNs pykA lw;Z ls VwVk gqvk Hkkx bruk Hkkjh f[kapko
l¡Hkky u ldk vkSj dbZ VqdM+ksa esa VwV x;kA mUgha esa ls ,d VqdM+k gekjh i`Foh
gSA ;g izkjaHk esa ,d cM+k vkx dk xksyk FkhA¸
¶,slk\ ijarq mu yiVksa ls rqe ikuh oSQls cuhA¸
¶eq>s Bhd irk ughaA gk¡] ;g lgh gS fd gekjk xzg BaMk gksrk pyk x;k
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            73
vkSj eq>s ;kn gS fd vjcksa o"kZ igys eSa gnztu vkSj vks"ktu osQ jklk;fud
fozQ;k osQ dkj.k mRiUu gqbZ gw¡A mUgksaus vkil esa feydj viuk izR;{k vfLrRo
x¡ok fn;k gS vkSj eq>s mRiUu fd;k gSA eSa mu fnuksa Hkki osQ :i esa i`Foh osQ
pkjksa vksj ?kwerh fiQjrh FkhA mlosQ ckn u tkus D;k gqvk\ tc eq>s gks'k vk;k
rks eSaus vius dks Bksl cI
+
kZQ osQ :i esa ik;kA esjk 'kjhj igys Hkki&:i esa Fkk
og vc vR;ar NksVk gks x;k FkkA og igys ls dksbZ lrjgok¡ Hkkx jg x;k FkkA
eSaus ns[kk esjs pkjksa vksj esjs vla[; lkFkh cI
+
kZQ cus iM+s FksA tgk¡ rd n`f"V tkrh
Fkh cI
+
kZQ osQ vfrfjDr oqQN fn[kkbZ u iM+rk FkkA ftl le; gekjs mQij lw;Z dh
fdj.ksa iM+rh Fkha rks lkSan;Z fc[kj iM+rk FkkA gekjs fdrus lkFkh ,sls Hkh Fks tks
cM+h mRlqdrk ls vk¡èkh esa m¡Qpk mM+us] mNyus&owQnus osQ fy, dej dls rS;kj
cSBs jgrs FksA¸
¶cM+s vkuan dk le; jgk gksxk ogk¡A¸
¶cM+s vkuan dkA¸
¶fdrus fnuksa rd\¸
¶dbZ yk[k o"kks± rd\¸
¶dbZ yk[k!¸
¶gk¡] pkSadks ughaA esjs thou esa lkS&nks lkS o"kZ nky esa ued osQ leku Hkh
ugha gSaA¸
eSaus ,sls nh?kZthoh ls okrkZyki djrs tku vius dks èkU; ekuk vkSj vksl dh
cw¡n osQ izfr esjh J¼k c<+ pyhA
¶ge 'kkafr ls cSBs ,d fnu gok ls [ksyus dh dgkfu;k¡ lqu jgs Fks fd
vpkud ,slk vuqHko gqvk ekuks ge ljd jgs gksaA lcosQ eq[k ij gokb;k¡ mM+us
yxhaA vc D;k gksxk\
brus fnu vkuan ls dkVus osQ i'pkr~ vc nq[k lgu djus dk lkgl geesa
u FkkA cgqr irk yxkus ij gesa Kkr gqvk fd gekjs Hkkj ls gh gekjs uhpsokys
HkkbZ ncdj ikuh gks x, gSaA mudk 'kjhj Bksliu dks NksM+ pqdk gS vkSj muosQ
rjy 'kjhj ij ge fiQly pys gSaA
Rationalised-2023-24
Page 5


70 olar Hkkx 3
      ikuh dh dgkuh
eSa vkxs c<+k gh Fkk fd csj dh >kM+h ij ls eksrh&lh ,d cw¡n esjs gkFk ij
vk iM+hA esjs vk'p;Z dk fBdkuk u jgk tc eSaus ns[kk fd vksl dh cw¡n esjh
dykbZ ij ls ljddj gFksyh ij vk xbZA esjh n`f"V iM+rs gh og Bgj xbZA FkksM+h
nsj esa eq>s flrkj osQ rkjksa dh&lh >adkj lqukbZ nsus yxhA eSaus lkspk fd dksbZ ctk
jgk gksxkA pkjksa vksj ns[kkA dksbZ ughaA fiQj vuqHko gqvk fd ;g Loj esjh gFksyh
ls fudy jgk gSA è;ku ls ns[kus ij ekywe gqvk fd cw¡n osQ nks d.k gks x, gSa
vkSj os nksuksa fgy&fgydj ;g Loj mRiUu dj jgs gSa ekuks cksy jgs gksaA
mlh lqjhyh vkok”k esa eSaus lqukµ
¶lquks] lquks---¸
eSa pqi FkkA
fiQj vkok”k vkbZ] ¶lquks] lquksA¸
vc eq>ls u jgk x;kA esjs eq[k ls
fudy x;k] ¶dgks] dgksA¸
vksl dh cw¡n ekuks izlUurk ls fgyh
vkSj cksyhµ¶eSa vksl gw¡A¸
¶tkurk gw¡¸µeSaus dgkA
¶yksx eq>s ikuh dgrs gSa] ty HkhA¸
¶ekywe gSA¸
¶eSa csj osQ isM+ esa ls vkbZ gw¡A¸
¶>wBh]¸ eSaus dgk vkSj lkspk] ^csj
osQ isM+ ls D;k ikuh dk iQOokjk fudyrk
gS*\
12
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            71
cw¡n fiQj fgyhA ekuks esjs vfo'okl ls mls nq[k gqvk gksA
¶lquksA eSa bl isM+ osQ ikl dh Hkwfe esa cgqr fnuksa ls bèkj&mèkj ?kwe jgh FkhA
eSa d.kksa dk ân; VVksyrh fiQjrh Fkh fd ,dk,d idM+h xbZA¸
¶oSQls]¸ eSaus iwNkA
¶og tks isM+ rqe ns[krs gks u! og mQij gh bruk cM+k ugha gS] i`Foh esa Hkh
yxHkx bruk gh cM+k gSA mldh cM+h tM+sa] NksVh tM+sa vkSj tM+ksa osQ jks,¡ gSaA os
jks,¡ cM+s funZ;h gksrs gSaA eq> tSls vla[; ty&d.kksa dks os cyiwoZd i`Foh esa
ls [khap ysrs gSaA oqQN dks rks isM+ ,dne [kk tkrs gSa vkSj vfèkdka'k dk lc
oqQN Nhudj mUgsa ckgj fudky nsrs gSaA¸
ozQksèk vkSj ?k`.kk ls mldk 'kjhj dk¡i mBkA
¶rqe D;k le>rs gks fd os brus cMs+ ;ksa gh [kM+s gSaA mUgsa bruk cM+k cukus
osQ fy, esjs vla[; caèkqvksa us vius izk.k&uk'k fd, gSaA¸ eSa cM+s è;ku ls
mldh dgkuh lqu jgk FkkA
¶gk¡] rks eSa Hkwfe osQ [kfutksa dks vius 'kjhj esa ?kqykdj vkuan ls fiQj jgh
Fkh fd nqHkkZX;o'k ,d jks,¡ ls esjk 'kjhj Nw x;kA eSa dk¡ihA nwj Hkkxus dk iz;Ru
fd;k ijarq os idM+dj NksM+uk ugha tkursA eSa jks,¡ esa [khap yh xbZA¸
¶fiQj D;k gqvk\¸ eSaus iwNkA esjh mRlqdrk c<+ pyh FkhA
¶eSa ,d dksBjh esa can dj nh xbZA FkksM+h nsj ckn ,slk tku iM+k fd dksbZ
eq>s ihNs ls èkDdk ns jgk gS vkSj dksbZ ekuks gkFk idM+dj vkxs dks [khap jgk
gksA esjk ,d HkkbZ Hkh ogk¡ yk;k x;kA mlosQ fy, LFkku cukus osQ dkj.k eq>s
nck;k tk jgk FkkA vkxs ,d vkSj cw¡n esjk gkFk idM+dj mQij [khap jgh FkhA
eSa mu nksuksa osQ chp fil pyhA¸
¶eSa yxHkx rhu fnu rd ;g lk¡lr Hkksxrh jghA eSa iÙkksa osQ uUgsa&uUgsa Nsnksa
ls gksdj tSls&rSls tku cpkdj HkkxhA eSaus lkspk Fkk fd iÙks ij igq¡prs gh mM+
tkm¡QxhA ijarq] ckgj fudyus ij Kkr gqvk fd jkr gksusokyh Fkh vkSj lw;Z tks
gesa mM+us dh 'kfDr nsrs gSa] tk pqosQ gSa] vkSj ok;qeaMy esa brus ty d.k mM+
jgs gSa fd esjs fy, ogk¡ LFkku ugha gS rks eSa vius HkkX; ij Hkjkslk dj iÙkksa ij
Rationalised-2023-24
72 olar Hkkx 3
gh floqQM+h iM+h jghA vHkh tc rqEgsa ns[kk rks tku esa tku vkbZ vkSj j{kk ikus
osQ fy, rqEgkjs gkFk ij owQn iM+hA¸
bl nq[k rFkk Hkkoiw.kZ dgkuh dk eq> ij cM+k izHkko iM+kA eSaus dgkµ ¶tc
rd rqe esjs ikl gks dksbZ iÙkk rqEgsa u Nw losQxkA¸
¶HkS;k] rqEgsa blosQ fy, èkU;okn gSA eSa tc rd lw;Z u fudys rHkh rd
j{kk pkgrh gw¡A mudk n'kZu djrs gh eq>esa mM+us dh 'kfDr vk tk,xhA esjk
thou fofp=k ?kVukvksa ls ifjiw.kZ gSA eSa mldh dgkuh rqEgsa lqukm¡Qxh rks rqEgkjk
gkFk rfud Hkh u nq[ksxkA¸
¶vPNk lqukvksA¸
¶cgqr fnu gq,] esjs iqj[ks gnztu (gkbMªkstu) vkSj vks"ktu (vkWDlhtu)
uked nks xSlsa lw;ZeaMy esa yiVksa osQ :i esa fo|eku FkhaA¸
¶lw;ZeaMy vius fuf'pr ekxZ ij pDdj dkV jgk FkkA os fnu Fks tc gekjs
czãkaM esa mFky&iqFky gks jgh FkhA vusd xzg vkSj mixzg cu jgs FksA¸
¶Bgjks] D;k rqEgkjs iqj[ks vc lw;ZeaMy esa ugha gaS\¸
¶gSa] muosQ oa'kt viuh Hk;kog yiVksa ls vc Hkh mudk eq[k mTToy fd,
gq, gSaA gk¡] rks esjs iqj[ks cM+h izlUurk ls lw;Z osQ èkjkry ij ukprs jgrs FksA ,d
fnu dh ckr gS fd nwj ,d izpaM izdk'k&fiaM fn[kkbZ iM+kA mudh vk¡[ksa
pkSafèk;kus yxhaA ;g fiaM cM+h rs”kh ls lw;Z dh vksj c<+ jgk FkkA T;ksa&T;ksa ikl
vkrk tkrk Fkk] mldk vkdkj c<+rk tkrk FkkA ;g lw;Z ls yk[kksa xquk cM+k FkkA
mldh egku vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr ls gekjk lw;Z dk¡i mBkA ,slk Kkr gqvk fd ml
xzgjkt ls Vdjkdj gekjk lw;Z pw.kZ gks tk,xkA oSlk u gqvkA og lw;Z ls lglzksa
ehy nwj ls gh ?kwe pyk] ijarq mldh Hkh"k.k vkd"kZ.k&'kfDr osQ dkj.k lw;Z dk
,d Hkkx VwVdj mlosQ ihNs pykA lw;Z ls VwVk gqvk Hkkx bruk Hkkjh f[kapko
l¡Hkky u ldk vkSj dbZ VqdM+ksa esa VwV x;kA mUgha esa ls ,d VqdM+k gekjh i`Foh
gSA ;g izkjaHk esa ,d cM+k vkx dk xksyk FkhA¸
¶,slk\ ijarq mu yiVksa ls rqe ikuh oSQls cuhA¸
¶eq>s Bhd irk ughaA gk¡] ;g lgh gS fd gekjk xzg BaMk gksrk pyk x;k
Rationalised-2023-24
ikuh dh dgkuh            73
vkSj eq>s ;kn gS fd vjcksa o"kZ igys eSa gnztu vkSj vks"ktu osQ jklk;fud
fozQ;k osQ dkj.k mRiUu gqbZ gw¡A mUgksaus vkil esa feydj viuk izR;{k vfLrRo
x¡ok fn;k gS vkSj eq>s mRiUu fd;k gSA eSa mu fnuksa Hkki osQ :i esa i`Foh osQ
pkjksa vksj ?kwerh fiQjrh FkhA mlosQ ckn u tkus D;k gqvk\ tc eq>s gks'k vk;k
rks eSaus vius dks Bksl cI
+
kZQ osQ :i esa ik;kA esjk 'kjhj igys Hkki&:i esa Fkk
og vc vR;ar NksVk gks x;k FkkA og igys ls dksbZ lrjgok¡ Hkkx jg x;k FkkA
eSaus ns[kk esjs pkjksa vksj esjs vla[; lkFkh cI
+
kZQ cus iM+s FksA tgk¡ rd n`f"V tkrh
Fkh cI
+
kZQ osQ vfrfjDr oqQN fn[kkbZ u iM+rk FkkA ftl le; gekjs mQij lw;Z dh
fdj.ksa iM+rh Fkha rks lkSan;Z fc[kj iM+rk FkkA gekjs fdrus lkFkh ,sls Hkh Fks tks
cM+h mRlqdrk ls vk¡èkh esa m¡Qpk mM+us] mNyus&owQnus osQ fy, dej dls rS;kj
cSBs jgrs FksA¸
¶cM+s vkuan dk le; jgk gksxk ogk¡A¸
¶cM+s vkuan dkA¸
¶fdrus fnuksa rd\¸
¶dbZ yk[k o"kks± rd\¸
¶dbZ yk[k!¸
¶gk¡] pkSadks ughaA esjs thou esa lkS&nks lkS o"kZ nky esa ued osQ leku Hkh
ugha gSaA¸
eSaus ,sls nh?kZthoh ls okrkZyki djrs tku vius dks èkU; ekuk vkSj vksl dh
cw¡n osQ izfr esjh J¼k c<+ pyhA
¶ge 'kkafr ls cSBs ,d fnu gok ls [ksyus dh dgkfu;k¡ lqu jgs Fks fd
vpkud ,slk vuqHko gqvk ekuks ge ljd jgs gksaA lcosQ eq[k ij gokb;k¡ mM+us
yxhaA vc D;k gksxk\
brus fnu vkuan ls dkVus osQ i'pkr~ vc nq[k lgu djus dk lkgl geesa
u FkkA cgqr irk yxkus ij gesa Kkr gqvk fd gekjs Hkkj ls gh gekjs uhpsokys
HkkbZ ncdj ikuh gks x, gSaA mudk 'kjhj Bksliu dks NksM+ pqdk gS vkSj muosQ
rjy 'kjhj ij ge fiQly pys gSaA
Rationalised-2023-24
74 olar Hkkx 3
eSa dbZ ekl leqnz esa bèkj&mèkj ?kwerh jghA fiQj ,d fnu xeZ&èkkjk ls HksaV
gks xbZA èkkjk osQ tyrs vfLrRo dks BaMd igq¡pkus osQ fy, geus mldh xjeh
lks[kuh izkjaHk dj nh vkSj blosQ iQyLo:i eSa fi?ky iM+h vkSj ikuh cudj
leqnz esa fey xbZA
leqnz dk Hkkx cudj eSaus tks n`'; ns[kk og o.kZukrhr gSA eSa vHkh rd
le>rh Fkh fd leqnz esa osQoy esjs caèkq&ckaèkoksa dk gh jkT; gS] ijarq vc Kkr
gqvk fd leqnz esa pgy&igy okLro esa nwljs gh thoksa dh gS vkSj mlesa fujk
ued Hkjk gSA igys&igy leqnz dk [kkjkiu eq>s fcyoqQy ugha Hkk;k] th
epykus yxkA ij èkhjs&èkhjs lc lgu gks pykA
,d fnu esjs th esa vk;k fd eSa leqnz osQ mQij rks cgqr ?kwe pqdh gw¡] Hkhrj
pydj Hkh ns[kuk pkfg,
fd D;k gS\ bl dk;Z osQ
fy, eSaus xgjs tkuk izkjaHk
dj fn;kA
ekxZ esa eSaus fofp=k&
fofp=k tho ns[ksA eSaus
vR;ar èkhjs&èkhjs jsaxus okys
?kksa?ks] tkyhnkj eNfy;k¡]
dbZ&dbZ eu Hkkjh dNqos
vkSj gkFkksaokyh eNfy;k¡
ns[khaA ,d eNyh ,slh ns[kh
tks euq"; ls dbZ xquk yach
FkhA mlosQ vkB gkFk FksA
og bu gkFkksa ls vius
f'kdkj dks tdM+ ysrh FkhA
Rationalised-2023-24
Read More
390 docs

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: पाठ 16 - पानी की कहानी, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8 - NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 8

1. पाठ 16 में पानी की कहानी की विषयवस्तु क्या है?
उत्तर: पाठ 16 में पानी की कहानी के बारे में उन घटनाओं का वर्णन किया गया है जब पानी ने लोगों की मदद की और उन्हें बिना कहे उनके काम आया।
2. पानी क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है?
उत्तर: पानी मानव जीवन के लिए अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है। यह हमारे शरीर के लिए आवश्यक है, फसलों को पैदा करने के लिए जरूरी है, जलवायु नियंत्रण में मदद करता है, और विभिन्न उद्योगों और घरेलू कामों में उपयोग होता है।
3. पानी की कहानी से क्या सीख मिलती है?
उत्तर: पानी की कहानी से हमें यह सीख मिलती है कि पानी हमारे जीवन का महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है और हमें इसे संरक्षित रखना चाहिए। हमें इसकी महत्ता को समझना चाहिए और उसे बर्बाद नहीं करना चाहिए।
4. पानी की कहानी में कौन-कौन सी घटनाएं वर्णित हैं?
उत्तर: पानी की कहानी में नदियों के बहाव, बादलों की उत्पत्ति, वर्षा, पानी के उपयोग, जलप्रलय, पानी की रक्षा और पानी के बिना धरती पर जीने के संदेश वर्णित हैं।
5. पाठ 16 में पानी की कहानी किस भाषा में उपलब्ध है?
उत्तर: पाठ 16 में पानी की कहानी हिंदी भाषा में उपलब्ध है।
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