Download, print and study this document offline |
Page 1 vksl/23 vksl gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\ dkSu jkr esa xw¡Fk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\ tqxuw ls txex txex ;s dkSu pedrs gSa ;ksa pepe\ uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa ls ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\ yqVk x;k gS dkSu tkSgjh vius ?kj dk Hkjk [k”kkuk\ iÙkksa ij] iwQyksa ij] ix ix fc[kjs gq, jru gSa ukukA cM+s lcsjs euk jgk gS dkSu [kq'kh esa ;g nhokyh\ ou miou esa tyk nh gS fdlus nhikoyh fujkyh\ th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q\ budh 'kksHkk fuj[k fuj[k dj bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA µ lksguyky f}osnh pkSFkk ikB Reprint 2024-25 Page 2 vksl/23 vksl gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\ dkSu jkr esa xw¡Fk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\ tqxuw ls txex txex ;s dkSu pedrs gSa ;ksa pepe\ uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa ls ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\ yqVk x;k gS dkSu tkSgjh vius ?kj dk Hkjk [k”kkuk\ iÙkksa ij] iwQyksa ij] ix ix fc[kjs gq, jru gSa ukukA cM+s lcsjs euk jgk gS dkSu [kq'kh esa ;g nhokyh\ ou miou esa tyk nh gS fdlus nhikoyh fujkyh\ th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q\ budh 'kksHkk fuj[k fuj[k dj bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA µ lksguyky f}osnh pkSFkk ikB Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/24 vH;kl 'kCnkFkZ xw¡Fkuk & fijksuk mTToy & pedrk gqvk] mtyk tqxuw & ,d dhM+k (jkr esa mM+us ij bldh nqe ls jks'kuh fudyrh gS) uHk & vkdk'k] vkleku tkSgjh & jRuksa dh tk¡p&ij[k djus okyk [k”kkuk & jQi;k] lksuk&pk¡nh j[kus dk LFkku] dks'k] /ukxkj jru & jRu ukuk & vusd fujkyh & lqanj] euksgj vatfy & nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks feykus ls cuus okyh eqnzk th & eu 'kksHkk & lkSan;Z fuj[k&fuj[k & ns[k&ns[kdj cgqewY; & dherh] ewY;oku 1- dfork ls (d) dfork esa jru fdls dgk x;k gS vkSj os dgk¡&dgk¡ fc[kjs gq, gSa\ ([k) vksl d.kksa dks ns[kdj dfo dk eu D;k djuk pkgrk gS\ 2- dfork ls vkxs (d) irk djks fd lqcg osQ le; [kqys LFkkuksa ij vksl dh cw¡nsa oSQls cu tkrh gSa\ bls vius f'k{kd dks crkvksA ([k) D;k vksl] dksgjk vkSj o"kkZ esa dksbZ laca/ gS\ blosQ cuus vkSj gksus osQ dkj.kksa dk irk yxkvks vkSj mls vius <ax ls fy[kdj f'k{kd dks fn[kkvksA (x) lwjt fudyus osQ oqQN le; ckn vksl dgk¡ pyh tkrh gS\ bldk mÙkj rqe vius fe=kksa] cM+ksa] iqLrdksa vkSj baVjusV dh lgk;rk ls izkIr djks vkSj f'k{kd dks crkvksA Reprint 2024-25 Page 3 vksl/23 vksl gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\ dkSu jkr esa xw¡Fk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\ tqxuw ls txex txex ;s dkSu pedrs gSa ;ksa pepe\ uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa ls ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\ yqVk x;k gS dkSu tkSgjh vius ?kj dk Hkjk [k”kkuk\ iÙkksa ij] iwQyksa ij] ix ix fc[kjs gq, jru gSa ukukA cM+s lcsjs euk jgk gS dkSu [kq'kh esa ;g nhokyh\ ou miou esa tyk nh gS fdlus nhikoyh fujkyh\ th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q\ budh 'kksHkk fuj[k fuj[k dj bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA µ lksguyky f}osnh pkSFkk ikB Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/24 vH;kl 'kCnkFkZ xw¡Fkuk & fijksuk mTToy & pedrk gqvk] mtyk tqxuw & ,d dhM+k (jkr esa mM+us ij bldh nqe ls jks'kuh fudyrh gS) uHk & vkdk'k] vkleku tkSgjh & jRuksa dh tk¡p&ij[k djus okyk [k”kkuk & jQi;k] lksuk&pk¡nh j[kus dk LFkku] dks'k] /ukxkj jru & jRu ukuk & vusd fujkyh & lqanj] euksgj vatfy & nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks feykus ls cuus okyh eqnzk th & eu 'kksHkk & lkSan;Z fuj[k&fuj[k & ns[k&ns[kdj cgqewY; & dherh] ewY;oku 1- dfork ls (d) dfork esa jru fdls dgk x;k gS vkSj os dgk¡&dgk¡ fc[kjs gq, gSa\ ([k) vksl d.kksa dks ns[kdj dfo dk eu D;k djuk pkgrk gS\ 2- dfork ls vkxs (d) irk djks fd lqcg osQ le; [kqys LFkkuksa ij vksl dh cw¡nsa oSQls cu tkrh gSa\ bls vius f'k{kd dks crkvksA ([k) D;k vksl] dksgjk vkSj o"kkZ esa dksbZ laca/ gS\ blosQ cuus vkSj gksus osQ dkj.kksa dk irk yxkvks vkSj mls vius <ax ls fy[kdj f'k{kd dks fn[kkvksA (x) lwjt fudyus osQ oqQN le; ckn vksl dgk¡ pyh tkrh gS\ bldk mÙkj rqe vius fe=kksa] cM+ksa] iqLrdksa vkSj baVjusV dh lgk;rk ls izkIr djks vkSj f'k{kd dks crkvksA Reprint 2024-25 vksl/25 3- rqEgkjh dYiuk ¶budh 'kksHkk fuj[k&fuj[k dj] bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA¸ dfo vksl dh lqanjrk ij ,d dfork cukuk pkgrk gSA ;fn rqe dfo osQ LFkku ij gksrs] rks dkSu&lh dfork cukrs\ vius euilan fo"k; ij dksbZ dfork cukvksA 4- ekSle dh ckr (d) rqEgkjs fopkj ls ;g fdl ekSle dh dfork gks ldrh gS\ ([k) rqEgkjs izns'k esa dkSu&dkSu ls ekSle vkrs gSa\ mldh lwph cukvksA (x) rqEgsa dkSu lk ekSle lcls vf/d ilan gS vkSj D;ksa\ 5- vatfy esa ¶th gksrk bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkÅ¡¸ dfo vksl dks viuh vatfy esa Hkjuk pkgrk gSA rqe uhps nh xbZ ph”kksa esa ls fdu ph”kksa dks viuh vatfy esa Hkj ldrs gks\ lgh (P) dk fpÉ yxkvksµ jsr vksl /qvk¡ gok ikuh rsy yM~Mw xsan 6- myV&isQj ¶gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\¸ Åij dh iafDr;ksa dks myV&isQj dj bl rjg Hkh fy[kk tk ldrk gSµ ¶gjh ?kkl ij ;s eksrh dh yfM+;k¡ fdlus fc[ksj nh gSa\¸ blh rjg uhps fy[kh iafDr;ksa esa myV&isQj dj rqe Hkh mls vius <ax ls fy[kksA (d) ¶dkSu jkr esa x¡wFk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\¸ ([k) ¶uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa esa ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\¸ Reprint 2024-25 Page 4 vksl/23 vksl gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\ dkSu jkr esa xw¡Fk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\ tqxuw ls txex txex ;s dkSu pedrs gSa ;ksa pepe\ uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa ls ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\ yqVk x;k gS dkSu tkSgjh vius ?kj dk Hkjk [k”kkuk\ iÙkksa ij] iwQyksa ij] ix ix fc[kjs gq, jru gSa ukukA cM+s lcsjs euk jgk gS dkSu [kq'kh esa ;g nhokyh\ ou miou esa tyk nh gS fdlus nhikoyh fujkyh\ th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q\ budh 'kksHkk fuj[k fuj[k dj bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA µ lksguyky f}osnh pkSFkk ikB Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/24 vH;kl 'kCnkFkZ xw¡Fkuk & fijksuk mTToy & pedrk gqvk] mtyk tqxuw & ,d dhM+k (jkr esa mM+us ij bldh nqe ls jks'kuh fudyrh gS) uHk & vkdk'k] vkleku tkSgjh & jRuksa dh tk¡p&ij[k djus okyk [k”kkuk & jQi;k] lksuk&pk¡nh j[kus dk LFkku] dks'k] /ukxkj jru & jRu ukuk & vusd fujkyh & lqanj] euksgj vatfy & nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks feykus ls cuus okyh eqnzk th & eu 'kksHkk & lkSan;Z fuj[k&fuj[k & ns[k&ns[kdj cgqewY; & dherh] ewY;oku 1- dfork ls (d) dfork esa jru fdls dgk x;k gS vkSj os dgk¡&dgk¡ fc[kjs gq, gSa\ ([k) vksl d.kksa dks ns[kdj dfo dk eu D;k djuk pkgrk gS\ 2- dfork ls vkxs (d) irk djks fd lqcg osQ le; [kqys LFkkuksa ij vksl dh cw¡nsa oSQls cu tkrh gSa\ bls vius f'k{kd dks crkvksA ([k) D;k vksl] dksgjk vkSj o"kkZ esa dksbZ laca/ gS\ blosQ cuus vkSj gksus osQ dkj.kksa dk irk yxkvks vkSj mls vius <ax ls fy[kdj f'k{kd dks fn[kkvksA (x) lwjt fudyus osQ oqQN le; ckn vksl dgk¡ pyh tkrh gS\ bldk mÙkj rqe vius fe=kksa] cM+ksa] iqLrdksa vkSj baVjusV dh lgk;rk ls izkIr djks vkSj f'k{kd dks crkvksA Reprint 2024-25 vksl/25 3- rqEgkjh dYiuk ¶budh 'kksHkk fuj[k&fuj[k dj] bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA¸ dfo vksl dh lqanjrk ij ,d dfork cukuk pkgrk gSA ;fn rqe dfo osQ LFkku ij gksrs] rks dkSu&lh dfork cukrs\ vius euilan fo"k; ij dksbZ dfork cukvksA 4- ekSle dh ckr (d) rqEgkjs fopkj ls ;g fdl ekSle dh dfork gks ldrh gS\ ([k) rqEgkjs izns'k esa dkSu&dkSu ls ekSle vkrs gSa\ mldh lwph cukvksA (x) rqEgsa dkSu lk ekSle lcls vf/d ilan gS vkSj D;ksa\ 5- vatfy esa ¶th gksrk bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkÅ¡¸ dfo vksl dks viuh vatfy esa Hkjuk pkgrk gSA rqe uhps nh xbZ ph”kksa esa ls fdu ph”kksa dks viuh vatfy esa Hkj ldrs gks\ lgh (P) dk fpÉ yxkvksµ jsr vksl /qvk¡ gok ikuh rsy yM~Mw xsan 6- myV&isQj ¶gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\¸ Åij dh iafDr;ksa dks myV&isQj dj bl rjg Hkh fy[kk tk ldrk gSµ ¶gjh ?kkl ij ;s eksrh dh yfM+;k¡ fdlus fc[ksj nh gSa\¸ blh rjg uhps fy[kh iafDr;ksa esa myV&isQj dj rqe Hkh mls vius <ax ls fy[kksA (d) ¶dkSu jkr esa x¡wFk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\¸ ([k) ¶uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa esa ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\¸ Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/26 7- 'kCnksa dh igsyh ¶;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡¸ Åij dh iafDr esa mTToy 'kCn esa ^t* o.kZ nks ckj vk;k gS ijarq ;g vk/k (T ) gSA rqe Hkh blh rjg osQ oqQN vkSj 'kCn [kks”kksA è;ku jgs] ml 'kCn esa dksbZ ,d o.kZ (v{kj) nks ckj vk;k gks] exj vk/k&vk/kA bl dke esa rqe 'kCndks'k dh lgk;rk ys ldrs gksA ns[ksa] dkSu lcls vf/d 'kCn [kks”k ikrk gSA 8- dkSu ,slk uhps fy[kh ph”kksa tSlh oqQN vkSj ph”kksa osQ uke lkspdj fy[kksµ (d) tqxuw tSls pedhys --------------------------------------- ([k) rkjksa tSls f>yfey --------------------------------------- (x) ghjksa tSls nedrs --------------------------------------- (?k) iwQyksa tSls lqanj --------------------------------------- 9- cw>ks eryc ¶th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q¸ ^?kj* 'kCn dk iz;ksx ge dbZ rjg ls dj ldrs gSaA tSlsµ (d) og ?kj x;kA --------------------------------------- ([k) ;g ckr esjs eu esa ?kj dj xbZA --------------------------------------- (x) ;g rks ?kj&?kj dh ckr gSA --------------------------------------- (?k) vkvks] ?kj&?kj [ksysaA --------------------------------------- ^cl* 'kCn dk iz;ksx dbZ rjg ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA rqe ^cl* 'kCn dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vius eu ls oqQN okD; cukvksA (laosQrµcl] cl&cl] cl bruk lk) Reprint 2024-25 Page 5 vksl/23 vksl gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\ dkSu jkr esa xw¡Fk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\ tqxuw ls txex txex ;s dkSu pedrs gSa ;ksa pepe\ uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa ls ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\ yqVk x;k gS dkSu tkSgjh vius ?kj dk Hkjk [k”kkuk\ iÙkksa ij] iwQyksa ij] ix ix fc[kjs gq, jru gSa ukukA cM+s lcsjs euk jgk gS dkSu [kq'kh esa ;g nhokyh\ ou miou esa tyk nh gS fdlus nhikoyh fujkyh\ th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q\ budh 'kksHkk fuj[k fuj[k dj bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA µ lksguyky f}osnh pkSFkk ikB Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/24 vH;kl 'kCnkFkZ xw¡Fkuk & fijksuk mTToy & pedrk gqvk] mtyk tqxuw & ,d dhM+k (jkr esa mM+us ij bldh nqe ls jks'kuh fudyrh gS) uHk & vkdk'k] vkleku tkSgjh & jRuksa dh tk¡p&ij[k djus okyk [k”kkuk & jQi;k] lksuk&pk¡nh j[kus dk LFkku] dks'k] /ukxkj jru & jRu ukuk & vusd fujkyh & lqanj] euksgj vatfy & nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks feykus ls cuus okyh eqnzk th & eu 'kksHkk & lkSan;Z fuj[k&fuj[k & ns[k&ns[kdj cgqewY; & dherh] ewY;oku 1- dfork ls (d) dfork esa jru fdls dgk x;k gS vkSj os dgk¡&dgk¡ fc[kjs gq, gSa\ ([k) vksl d.kksa dks ns[kdj dfo dk eu D;k djuk pkgrk gS\ 2- dfork ls vkxs (d) irk djks fd lqcg osQ le; [kqys LFkkuksa ij vksl dh cw¡nsa oSQls cu tkrh gSa\ bls vius f'k{kd dks crkvksA ([k) D;k vksl] dksgjk vkSj o"kkZ esa dksbZ laca/ gS\ blosQ cuus vkSj gksus osQ dkj.kksa dk irk yxkvks vkSj mls vius <ax ls fy[kdj f'k{kd dks fn[kkvksA (x) lwjt fudyus osQ oqQN le; ckn vksl dgk¡ pyh tkrh gS\ bldk mÙkj rqe vius fe=kksa] cM+ksa] iqLrdksa vkSj baVjusV dh lgk;rk ls izkIr djks vkSj f'k{kd dks crkvksA Reprint 2024-25 vksl/25 3- rqEgkjh dYiuk ¶budh 'kksHkk fuj[k&fuj[k dj] bu ij dfork ,d cukm¡QA¸ dfo vksl dh lqanjrk ij ,d dfork cukuk pkgrk gSA ;fn rqe dfo osQ LFkku ij gksrs] rks dkSu&lh dfork cukrs\ vius euilan fo"k; ij dksbZ dfork cukvksA 4- ekSle dh ckr (d) rqEgkjs fopkj ls ;g fdl ekSle dh dfork gks ldrh gS\ ([k) rqEgkjs izns'k esa dkSu&dkSu ls ekSle vkrs gSa\ mldh lwph cukvksA (x) rqEgsa dkSu lk ekSle lcls vf/d ilan gS vkSj D;ksa\ 5- vatfy esa ¶th gksrk bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkÅ¡¸ dfo vksl dks viuh vatfy esa Hkjuk pkgrk gSA rqe uhps nh xbZ ph”kksa esa ls fdu ph”kksa dks viuh vatfy esa Hkj ldrs gks\ lgh (P) dk fpÉ yxkvksµ jsr vksl /qvk¡ gok ikuh rsy yM~Mw xsan 6- myV&isQj ¶gjh ?kkl ij fc[ksj nh gSa ;s fdlus eksrh dh yfM+;k¡\¸ Åij dh iafDr;ksa dks myV&isQj dj bl rjg Hkh fy[kk tk ldrk gSµ ¶gjh ?kkl ij ;s eksrh dh yfM+;k¡ fdlus fc[ksj nh gSa\¸ blh rjg uhps fy[kh iafDr;ksa esa myV&isQj dj rqe Hkh mls vius <ax ls fy[kksA (d) ¶dkSu jkr esa x¡wFk x;k gS ;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡\¸ ([k) ¶uHk osQ uUgsa rkjksa esa ;s dkSu nedrs gSa ;ksa nene\¸ Reprint 2024-25 nwokZ/26 7- 'kCnksa dh igsyh ¶;s mTToy ghjksa dh dfM+;k¡¸ Åij dh iafDr esa mTToy 'kCn esa ^t* o.kZ nks ckj vk;k gS ijarq ;g vk/k (T ) gSA rqe Hkh blh rjg osQ oqQN vkSj 'kCn [kks”kksA è;ku jgs] ml 'kCn esa dksbZ ,d o.kZ (v{kj) nks ckj vk;k gks] exj vk/k&vk/kA bl dke esa rqe 'kCndks'k dh lgk;rk ys ldrs gksA ns[ksa] dkSu lcls vf/d 'kCn [kks”k ikrk gSA 8- dkSu ,slk uhps fy[kh ph”kksa tSlh oqQN vkSj ph”kksa osQ uke lkspdj fy[kksµ (d) tqxuw tSls pedhys --------------------------------------- ([k) rkjksa tSls f>yfey --------------------------------------- (x) ghjksa tSls nedrs --------------------------------------- (?k) iwQyksa tSls lqanj --------------------------------------- 9- cw>ks eryc ¶th gksrk] bu vksl d.kksa dks vatfy esa Hkj ?kj ys vkm¡Q¸ ^?kj* 'kCn dk iz;ksx ge dbZ rjg ls dj ldrs gSaA tSlsµ (d) og ?kj x;kA --------------------------------------- ([k) ;g ckr esjs eu esa ?kj dj xbZA --------------------------------------- (x) ;g rks ?kj&?kj dh ckr gSA --------------------------------------- (?k) vkvks] ?kj&?kj [ksysaA --------------------------------------- ^cl* 'kCn dk iz;ksx dbZ rjg ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA rqe ^cl* 'kCn dk iz;ksx djrs gq, vius eu ls oqQN okD; cukvksA (laosQrµcl] cl&cl] cl bruk lk) Reprint 2024-25 vksl/27 10- :i cnydj pedµpedukµpedkukµpedokuk ^ped* 'kCn osQ oqQN :i Åij fy[ks gSaA blh izdkj uhps fy[ks 'kCnksa dk :i cnydj lgh txg ij Hkjks& ned] ljd] fc[kj] cu (d) ”kjk lk jxM+rs gh ghjs us --------------------------------------- 'kq: dj fn;kA ([k) rqe ;g deh”k fdl n”khZ ls --------------------------------------- pkgrs gks\ (x) lk¡i us /hjs&/hjs --------------------------------------- 'kq: dj fn;kA (?k) ydh dks ew[kZ --------------------------------------- rks cgqr vklku gSA (Ä) rqeus vc f[kykSus --------------------------------------- can dj fn,\ Reprint 2024-25Read More
51 videos|311 docs|59 tests
|
1. ओस क्या होता है? |
2. ओस कैसे बनता है? |
3. ओस का क्या महत्व है? |
4. ओस किस प्रकार अपनाए जाते हैं? |
5. ओस की विशेषताएं क्या हैं? |
|
Explore Courses for Class 8 exam
|