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 Page 1


76@varjk
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*
(lu~ 1921&1977)
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq* dk tUe fcgkj osQ iwf.kZ;k f”kys osQ vkSjkgh
¯gxuk ukeoQ xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1942 bZ- osQ
^Hkkjr NksM+ks* Lokèkhurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;kA usiky osQ
jk.kk'kkgh fojksèkh vkanksyu esa Hkh mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk jghA os
jktuhfr esa izxfr'khy fopkjèkkjk osQ leFkZd FksA 1953 bZ- esa
os lkfgR;&l`tu osQ {ks=k esa vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl rFkk fucaèk vkfn fofoèk lkfgfR;d
foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;kA
js.kq ¯gnh osQ vkapfyd dFkkdkj gSaA mUgksaus vapy&fo'ks"k dks viuh jpukvksa dk vkèkkj
cukdj] vkapfyd 'kCnkoyh vkSj eqgkojksa dk lgkjk ysrs gq,] ogk¡ osQ thou vkSj okrkoj.k dk
fp=k.k fd;k gSA viuh xgjh ekuoh; laosnuk osQ dkj.k os vHkkoxzLr turk dh csclh vkSj ihM+k
Lo;a Hkksxrs&ls yxrs gSaA bl laosnu'khyrk osQ lkFk mudk ;g fo'okl Hkh tqM+k gS fd vkt osQ
=kLr euq"; osQ Hkhrj viuh thou&n'kk dks cny nsus dh vowQr rkdr fNih gqbZ gSA
muosQ izfl¼ dgkuh&laxzg gSaµBqejh] vfxu[kksj] vkfne jkf=k dh egdA rhljh dle
mI
+
kZQ ekjs x, xqyiQke dgkuh ij fI
+
kQYe Hkh cu pqdh gSA eSyk vk¡py vkSj ijrh ifjdFkk
muosQ mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq Lora=k Hkkjr osQ iz[;kr dFkkdkj gSaA js.kq us viuh jpukvksa osQ }kjk izsepanz
dh fojklr dks u;h igpku vkSj Hkafxek iznku dhA budh dyk ltx vk¡[ksa] xgjh ekuoh;
laonsuk vkSj cnyrs lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dh idM+ viuh vyx igpku j[krs gSaA js.kq us eSyk
vk¡py] ^ijrh ifjdFkk* tSls vusd egÙoiw.kZ miU;klksa osQ lkFk vius f'kYi vkSj vkLokn esa
fHkUu ¯gnh dFkk&ubZ ijaijk dks tUe fn;kA vkèkqfudrkoknh iSQ'ku ls nwj xzkeh.k lekt js.kq dh
dye ls bruk jlflDr] izk.koku vkSj u;k vk;ke xzg.k dj ldk gS fd uxj ,oa xzke osQ
fooknksa ls vyx mls u;h lkaLÑfrd xfjek izkIr gqbZA js.kq dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkapfyd 'kCnksa osQ
iz;ksx ls yksdthou osQ ek£ed LFkyksa dh igpku gqbZ gSA mudh Hkk"kk laosnu'khy] laizs"k.kh; ,oa
Hkko izèkku gSA eek±rd ihM+k vkSj Hkkoukvksa osQ }a} dks mHkkjus esa ys[kd dh Hkk"kk varjeu dks
Nw ysrh gSA
2024-25
Page 2


76@varjk
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*
(lu~ 1921&1977)
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq* dk tUe fcgkj osQ iwf.kZ;k f”kys osQ vkSjkgh
¯gxuk ukeoQ xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1942 bZ- osQ
^Hkkjr NksM+ks* Lokèkhurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;kA usiky osQ
jk.kk'kkgh fojksèkh vkanksyu esa Hkh mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk jghA os
jktuhfr esa izxfr'khy fopkjèkkjk osQ leFkZd FksA 1953 bZ- esa
os lkfgR;&l`tu osQ {ks=k esa vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl rFkk fucaèk vkfn fofoèk lkfgfR;d
foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;kA
js.kq ¯gnh osQ vkapfyd dFkkdkj gSaA mUgksaus vapy&fo'ks"k dks viuh jpukvksa dk vkèkkj
cukdj] vkapfyd 'kCnkoyh vkSj eqgkojksa dk lgkjk ysrs gq,] ogk¡ osQ thou vkSj okrkoj.k dk
fp=k.k fd;k gSA viuh xgjh ekuoh; laosnuk osQ dkj.k os vHkkoxzLr turk dh csclh vkSj ihM+k
Lo;a Hkksxrs&ls yxrs gSaA bl laosnu'khyrk osQ lkFk mudk ;g fo'okl Hkh tqM+k gS fd vkt osQ
=kLr euq"; osQ Hkhrj viuh thou&n'kk dks cny nsus dh vowQr rkdr fNih gqbZ gSA
muosQ izfl¼ dgkuh&laxzg gSaµBqejh] vfxu[kksj] vkfne jkf=k dh egdA rhljh dle
mI
+
kZQ ekjs x, xqyiQke dgkuh ij fI
+
kQYe Hkh cu pqdh gSA eSyk vk¡py vkSj ijrh ifjdFkk
muosQ mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq Lora=k Hkkjr osQ iz[;kr dFkkdkj gSaA js.kq us viuh jpukvksa osQ }kjk izsepanz
dh fojklr dks u;h igpku vkSj Hkafxek iznku dhA budh dyk ltx vk¡[ksa] xgjh ekuoh;
laonsuk vkSj cnyrs lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dh idM+ viuh vyx igpku j[krs gSaA js.kq us eSyk
vk¡py] ^ijrh ifjdFkk* tSls vusd egÙoiw.kZ miU;klksa osQ lkFk vius f'kYi vkSj vkLokn esa
fHkUu ¯gnh dFkk&ubZ ijaijk dks tUe fn;kA vkèkqfudrkoknh iSQ'ku ls nwj xzkeh.k lekt js.kq dh
dye ls bruk jlflDr] izk.koku vkSj u;k vk;ke xzg.k dj ldk gS fd uxj ,oa xzke osQ
fooknksa ls vyx mls u;h lkaLÑfrd xfjek izkIr gqbZA js.kq dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkapfyd 'kCnksa osQ
iz;ksx ls yksdthou osQ ek£ed LFkyksa dh igpku gqbZ gSA mudh Hkk"kk laosnu'khy] laizs"k.kh; ,oa
Hkko izèkku gSA eek±rd ihM+k vkSj Hkkoukvksa osQ }a} dks mHkkjus esa ys[kd dh Hkk"kk varjeu dks
Nw ysrh gSA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@77
laofn;k dgkuh esa ekuoh; laosnuk dh xgu ,oa foy{k.k igpku izLrqr gqbZ gSA vlgk;
vkSj lgu'khy ukjh eu osQ dksey rarq dh] mlosQ nq[k vkSj d#.kk dh] ihM+k rFkk ;kruk
dh ,slh lw{e idM+ js.kq tSls ^vkRek osQ f'kYih* }kjk gh laHko gSA gjxksfcu laofn;k dh
rjg vius vapy osQ nq[kh] foiUu cslgkjk cM+h cgqfj;k tSls ik=kksa dk laokn ysdj js.kq
ikBdksa osQ lEeq[k mifLFkr gksrs gSaA js.kq us cM+h cgqfj;k dh ihM+k dks mlosQ Hkhrj osQ
gkgkdkj dks laofn;k osQ ekè;e ls viuh iwjh lgkuqHkwfr iznku dh gSA yksdHkk"kk dh uhao
ij [kM+h laofn;k dgkuh igkM+h >jus dh rjg xfreku gSA mldh xfr] y;] izokg] laokn
vkSj laxhr i<+us okys osQ jkse&jkse esa >aÑr gksus yxrk gSA
2024-25
Page 3


76@varjk
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*
(lu~ 1921&1977)
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq* dk tUe fcgkj osQ iwf.kZ;k f”kys osQ vkSjkgh
¯gxuk ukeoQ xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1942 bZ- osQ
^Hkkjr NksM+ks* Lokèkhurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;kA usiky osQ
jk.kk'kkgh fojksèkh vkanksyu esa Hkh mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk jghA os
jktuhfr esa izxfr'khy fopkjèkkjk osQ leFkZd FksA 1953 bZ- esa
os lkfgR;&l`tu osQ {ks=k esa vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl rFkk fucaèk vkfn fofoèk lkfgfR;d
foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;kA
js.kq ¯gnh osQ vkapfyd dFkkdkj gSaA mUgksaus vapy&fo'ks"k dks viuh jpukvksa dk vkèkkj
cukdj] vkapfyd 'kCnkoyh vkSj eqgkojksa dk lgkjk ysrs gq,] ogk¡ osQ thou vkSj okrkoj.k dk
fp=k.k fd;k gSA viuh xgjh ekuoh; laosnuk osQ dkj.k os vHkkoxzLr turk dh csclh vkSj ihM+k
Lo;a Hkksxrs&ls yxrs gSaA bl laosnu'khyrk osQ lkFk mudk ;g fo'okl Hkh tqM+k gS fd vkt osQ
=kLr euq"; osQ Hkhrj viuh thou&n'kk dks cny nsus dh vowQr rkdr fNih gqbZ gSA
muosQ izfl¼ dgkuh&laxzg gSaµBqejh] vfxu[kksj] vkfne jkf=k dh egdA rhljh dle
mI
+
kZQ ekjs x, xqyiQke dgkuh ij fI
+
kQYe Hkh cu pqdh gSA eSyk vk¡py vkSj ijrh ifjdFkk
muosQ mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq Lora=k Hkkjr osQ iz[;kr dFkkdkj gSaA js.kq us viuh jpukvksa osQ }kjk izsepanz
dh fojklr dks u;h igpku vkSj Hkafxek iznku dhA budh dyk ltx vk¡[ksa] xgjh ekuoh;
laonsuk vkSj cnyrs lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dh idM+ viuh vyx igpku j[krs gSaA js.kq us eSyk
vk¡py] ^ijrh ifjdFkk* tSls vusd egÙoiw.kZ miU;klksa osQ lkFk vius f'kYi vkSj vkLokn esa
fHkUu ¯gnh dFkk&ubZ ijaijk dks tUe fn;kA vkèkqfudrkoknh iSQ'ku ls nwj xzkeh.k lekt js.kq dh
dye ls bruk jlflDr] izk.koku vkSj u;k vk;ke xzg.k dj ldk gS fd uxj ,oa xzke osQ
fooknksa ls vyx mls u;h lkaLÑfrd xfjek izkIr gqbZA js.kq dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkapfyd 'kCnksa osQ
iz;ksx ls yksdthou osQ ek£ed LFkyksa dh igpku gqbZ gSA mudh Hkk"kk laosnu'khy] laizs"k.kh; ,oa
Hkko izèkku gSA eek±rd ihM+k vkSj Hkkoukvksa osQ }a} dks mHkkjus esa ys[kd dh Hkk"kk varjeu dks
Nw ysrh gSA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@77
laofn;k dgkuh esa ekuoh; laosnuk dh xgu ,oa foy{k.k igpku izLrqr gqbZ gSA vlgk;
vkSj lgu'khy ukjh eu osQ dksey rarq dh] mlosQ nq[k vkSj d#.kk dh] ihM+k rFkk ;kruk
dh ,slh lw{e idM+ js.kq tSls ^vkRek osQ f'kYih* }kjk gh laHko gSA gjxksfcu laofn;k dh
rjg vius vapy osQ nq[kh] foiUu cslgkjk cM+h cgqfj;k tSls ik=kksa dk laokn ysdj js.kq
ikBdksa osQ lEeq[k mifLFkr gksrs gSaA js.kq us cM+h cgqfj;k dh ihM+k dks mlosQ Hkhrj osQ
gkgkdkj dks laofn;k osQ ekè;e ls viuh iwjh lgkuqHkwfr iznku dh gSA yksdHkk"kk dh uhao
ij [kM+h laofn;k dgkuh igkM+h >jus dh rjg xfreku gSA mldh xfr] y;] izokg] laokn
vkSj laxhr i<+us okys osQ jkse&jkse esa >aÑr gksus yxrk gSA
2024-25
78@varjk
laofn;k
gjxksfcu dks vpjt gqvkµrks vkt Hkh fdlh dks laofn;k dh ”k:jr iM+ ldrh gSA bl ”kekus
esa tcfd xk¡o&xk¡o eas Mkd?kj [kqy x, gSa] laofn;k osQ ekjI
+
kQr laokn D;ksa Hkstsxk dksbZ\ vkt
rks vkneh ?kj cSBs gh yadk rd [kcj Hkst ldrk gS vkSj ogk¡ dk oqQ'ky laokn e¡xk ldrk gSA
fiQj mldh cqykgV D;ksa gqbZ\
gjxksfcu cM+h gosyh dh VwVh M~;ks<+h ikjdj vanj x;kA lnk dh Hkk¡fr mlus okrkoj.k dks
lw¡?kdj laokn dk vank”k yxk;kA--- fu'p; gh dksbZ xqIr lekpkj ys tkuk gSA pk¡n&lwjt dks Hkh
ugha ekywe gksA ijsok&iaNh rd u tkusA
¶ik¡o ykxh] cM+h cgqfj;kA¸
cM+h gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k us gjxksfcu dks ih<+h nh vkSj vk¡[k osQ b'kkjs ls oqQN nsj
pqipki cSBus dks dgkA cM+h gosyh vc ukeek=k dks gh cM+h gosyh gSA tgk¡ fnujkr
ukSdj&ukSdjkfu;kas vkSj tu&e”knwjksa dh HkhM+ yxh jgrh Fkh] ogk¡ vkt gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k
vius gkFk ls lwik esa vukt ysdj iQVd jgh gSA bu gkFkksa esa flI
+
kZQ esg¡nh yxkdj gh xk¡o dh
ukbu ifjokj ikyrh FkhA dgk¡ x, os fnu\ gjxksfcu us yach lk¡l yhA
cM+s HkS;k osQ ejus osQ ckn gh tSls lc [ksy [kRe gks x;kA rhuksa Hkkb;ksa us vkil esa
yM+kbZ&>xM+k 'kq: fd;kA jS;rksa us ”kehu ij nkos djosQ n[ky fd;k] fiQj rhuksa HkkbZ xk¡o NksM+dj
'kgj esa tk cls] jg xbZ cM+h cgqfj;kµdgk¡ tkrh cspkjh! Hkxoku Hkys vkneh dks gh d"V nsrs
gSaA ugha rks ,d ?kaVs dh chekjh esa cM+s HkS;k D;ksa ejrs\---cM+h cgqfj;k dh nsg ls ”ksoj
[khap&Nhudj c¡Vokjs dh yhyk gqbZ FkhA gjxksfcu us ns[kh gS viuh vk¡[kksa ls nzkSinh phj&gj.k
yhyk! cukjlh lkM+h dks rhu VqdM+s djosQ c¡Vokjk fd;k Fkk] funZ; Hkkb;ksa usA cspkjh cM+h
cgqfj;k!
xk¡o dh eksfnvkbu cw<+h u tkus dc ls vk¡xu esa cSBdj cM+cM+k jgh Fkh] ¶m/kj dk lkSnk
[kkus esa cM+k ehBk yxrk gS vkSj nke nsrs le; eksfnvkbu dh ckr dM+oh yxrh gSA eSa vkt
nke ysdj gh mB¡wxhA¸
cM+h cgqfj;k us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA
2024-25
Page 4


76@varjk
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*
(lu~ 1921&1977)
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq* dk tUe fcgkj osQ iwf.kZ;k f”kys osQ vkSjkgh
¯gxuk ukeoQ xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1942 bZ- osQ
^Hkkjr NksM+ks* Lokèkhurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;kA usiky osQ
jk.kk'kkgh fojksèkh vkanksyu esa Hkh mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk jghA os
jktuhfr esa izxfr'khy fopkjèkkjk osQ leFkZd FksA 1953 bZ- esa
os lkfgR;&l`tu osQ {ks=k esa vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl rFkk fucaèk vkfn fofoèk lkfgfR;d
foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;kA
js.kq ¯gnh osQ vkapfyd dFkkdkj gSaA mUgksaus vapy&fo'ks"k dks viuh jpukvksa dk vkèkkj
cukdj] vkapfyd 'kCnkoyh vkSj eqgkojksa dk lgkjk ysrs gq,] ogk¡ osQ thou vkSj okrkoj.k dk
fp=k.k fd;k gSA viuh xgjh ekuoh; laosnuk osQ dkj.k os vHkkoxzLr turk dh csclh vkSj ihM+k
Lo;a Hkksxrs&ls yxrs gSaA bl laosnu'khyrk osQ lkFk mudk ;g fo'okl Hkh tqM+k gS fd vkt osQ
=kLr euq"; osQ Hkhrj viuh thou&n'kk dks cny nsus dh vowQr rkdr fNih gqbZ gSA
muosQ izfl¼ dgkuh&laxzg gSaµBqejh] vfxu[kksj] vkfne jkf=k dh egdA rhljh dle
mI
+
kZQ ekjs x, xqyiQke dgkuh ij fI
+
kQYe Hkh cu pqdh gSA eSyk vk¡py vkSj ijrh ifjdFkk
muosQ mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq Lora=k Hkkjr osQ iz[;kr dFkkdkj gSaA js.kq us viuh jpukvksa osQ }kjk izsepanz
dh fojklr dks u;h igpku vkSj Hkafxek iznku dhA budh dyk ltx vk¡[ksa] xgjh ekuoh;
laonsuk vkSj cnyrs lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dh idM+ viuh vyx igpku j[krs gSaA js.kq us eSyk
vk¡py] ^ijrh ifjdFkk* tSls vusd egÙoiw.kZ miU;klksa osQ lkFk vius f'kYi vkSj vkLokn esa
fHkUu ¯gnh dFkk&ubZ ijaijk dks tUe fn;kA vkèkqfudrkoknh iSQ'ku ls nwj xzkeh.k lekt js.kq dh
dye ls bruk jlflDr] izk.koku vkSj u;k vk;ke xzg.k dj ldk gS fd uxj ,oa xzke osQ
fooknksa ls vyx mls u;h lkaLÑfrd xfjek izkIr gqbZA js.kq dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkapfyd 'kCnksa osQ
iz;ksx ls yksdthou osQ ek£ed LFkyksa dh igpku gqbZ gSA mudh Hkk"kk laosnu'khy] laizs"k.kh; ,oa
Hkko izèkku gSA eek±rd ihM+k vkSj Hkkoukvksa osQ }a} dks mHkkjus esa ys[kd dh Hkk"kk varjeu dks
Nw ysrh gSA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@77
laofn;k dgkuh esa ekuoh; laosnuk dh xgu ,oa foy{k.k igpku izLrqr gqbZ gSA vlgk;
vkSj lgu'khy ukjh eu osQ dksey rarq dh] mlosQ nq[k vkSj d#.kk dh] ihM+k rFkk ;kruk
dh ,slh lw{e idM+ js.kq tSls ^vkRek osQ f'kYih* }kjk gh laHko gSA gjxksfcu laofn;k dh
rjg vius vapy osQ nq[kh] foiUu cslgkjk cM+h cgqfj;k tSls ik=kksa dk laokn ysdj js.kq
ikBdksa osQ lEeq[k mifLFkr gksrs gSaA js.kq us cM+h cgqfj;k dh ihM+k dks mlosQ Hkhrj osQ
gkgkdkj dks laofn;k osQ ekè;e ls viuh iwjh lgkuqHkwfr iznku dh gSA yksdHkk"kk dh uhao
ij [kM+h laofn;k dgkuh igkM+h >jus dh rjg xfreku gSA mldh xfr] y;] izokg] laokn
vkSj laxhr i<+us okys osQ jkse&jkse esa >aÑr gksus yxrk gSA
2024-25
78@varjk
laofn;k
gjxksfcu dks vpjt gqvkµrks vkt Hkh fdlh dks laofn;k dh ”k:jr iM+ ldrh gSA bl ”kekus
esa tcfd xk¡o&xk¡o eas Mkd?kj [kqy x, gSa] laofn;k osQ ekjI
+
kQr laokn D;ksa Hkstsxk dksbZ\ vkt
rks vkneh ?kj cSBs gh yadk rd [kcj Hkst ldrk gS vkSj ogk¡ dk oqQ'ky laokn e¡xk ldrk gSA
fiQj mldh cqykgV D;ksa gqbZ\
gjxksfcu cM+h gosyh dh VwVh M~;ks<+h ikjdj vanj x;kA lnk dh Hkk¡fr mlus okrkoj.k dks
lw¡?kdj laokn dk vank”k yxk;kA--- fu'p; gh dksbZ xqIr lekpkj ys tkuk gSA pk¡n&lwjt dks Hkh
ugha ekywe gksA ijsok&iaNh rd u tkusA
¶ik¡o ykxh] cM+h cgqfj;kA¸
cM+h gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k us gjxksfcu dks ih<+h nh vkSj vk¡[k osQ b'kkjs ls oqQN nsj
pqipki cSBus dks dgkA cM+h gosyh vc ukeek=k dks gh cM+h gosyh gSA tgk¡ fnujkr
ukSdj&ukSdjkfu;kas vkSj tu&e”knwjksa dh HkhM+ yxh jgrh Fkh] ogk¡ vkt gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k
vius gkFk ls lwik esa vukt ysdj iQVd jgh gSA bu gkFkksa esa flI
+
kZQ esg¡nh yxkdj gh xk¡o dh
ukbu ifjokj ikyrh FkhA dgk¡ x, os fnu\ gjxksfcu us yach lk¡l yhA
cM+s HkS;k osQ ejus osQ ckn gh tSls lc [ksy [kRe gks x;kA rhuksa Hkkb;ksa us vkil esa
yM+kbZ&>xM+k 'kq: fd;kA jS;rksa us ”kehu ij nkos djosQ n[ky fd;k] fiQj rhuksa HkkbZ xk¡o NksM+dj
'kgj esa tk cls] jg xbZ cM+h cgqfj;kµdgk¡ tkrh cspkjh! Hkxoku Hkys vkneh dks gh d"V nsrs
gSaA ugha rks ,d ?kaVs dh chekjh esa cM+s HkS;k D;ksa ejrs\---cM+h cgqfj;k dh nsg ls ”ksoj
[khap&Nhudj c¡Vokjs dh yhyk gqbZ FkhA gjxksfcu us ns[kh gS viuh vk¡[kksa ls nzkSinh phj&gj.k
yhyk! cukjlh lkM+h dks rhu VqdM+s djosQ c¡Vokjk fd;k Fkk] funZ; Hkkb;ksa usA cspkjh cM+h
cgqfj;k!
xk¡o dh eksfnvkbu cw<+h u tkus dc ls vk¡xu esa cSBdj cM+cM+k jgh Fkh] ¶m/kj dk lkSnk
[kkus esa cM+k ehBk yxrk gS vkSj nke nsrs le; eksfnvkbu dh ckr dM+oh yxrh gSA eSa vkt
nke ysdj gh mB¡wxhA¸
cM+h cgqfj;k us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@79
gjxksfcu us fiQj yach lk¡l yhA tc rd ;g eksfnvkbu vk¡xu ls ugha Vyrh] cM+h cgqfj;k
gjxksfcu ls oqQN ugha cksysxhA og vc pqi ugha jg ldk] ¶eksfnvkbu dkdh] ckdh&cdk;k
olwyus dk ;g dkcqyh&dk;nk rks rqeus [kwc lh[kk gSA¸
^dkcqyh&dk;nk*] lqurs gh eksfnvkbu reddj [kM+h gks xbZ] ¶pqi jg eq¡g&>kSals! fuekSfN;s---¸A
¶D;k d:¡ dkdh] Hkxoku us ew¡N&nk<+h nh ugha] u dkcqyh vkxk lkgc dh rjg xqy”kkj
nk<+h---A¸
¶fiQj dkcqyh dk uke fy;k rks thHk idM+dj [khap yw¡xhA¸
gjxksfcu us thHk ckgj fudkydj fn[kykbZA vFkkZr~µ[khap ysA
---ik¡p lky igys xqy eqgEen vkxk m/kj diM+k yxkus osQ fy, xk¡o esa vkrk Fkk vkSj
eksfnvkbu osQ vkslkjs ij nqdku yxkdj cSBrk FkkA vkxk diM+k nsrs le; cgqr ehBk cksyrk vkSj
olwyh osQ le; ”kksj&”kqYe ls ,d dk nks olwyrkA ,d ckj dbZ m/kj ysusokyksa us feydj
dkcqyh dh ,slh ejEer dj nh fd fiQj ykSVdj xk¡o esa ugha vk;kA ysfdu blosQ ckn gh nq[kuh
eksfnvkbu yky eksfnvkbu gks xbZA--- dkcqyh D;k] dkcqyh cknke osQ uke ls Hkh fp<+us yxh
eksfnvkbuA xk¡o osQ ukpusokyksa us ukp esa dkcqyh dk Lokax fd;k FkkA ¶rqe vekjk eqyqd tk,xk
eksfnvkbu\ ve dkcqyh cknke&fiLrk&vdjksV fdyk;xk---!¸
eksfnvkbu cM+cM+krh] xkyh nsrh gqbZ pyh xbZ rks cM+h cgqfj;k us gjxksfcu ls dgk]
¶gjxksfcu HkkbZ] rqedks ,d laokn ys tkuk gSA vkt ghA cksyks] tkvksxs u\¸
¶dgk¡\¸
¶esjh ek¡ osQ iklA¸
gjxksfcu cM+h cgqfj;k dh NyNykbZ vk¡[kksa esa Mwc x;k] ¶dfg,] D;k laokn gS\¸
laokn lqukrs le; cM+h cgqfj;k flldus yxhA gjxksfcu dh vk¡[ksa Hkh Hkj vkb±A--- cM+h
gosyh dh y{eh dks igyh ckj bl rjg flldrs ns[kk gS gjxksfcu usA og cksyk] ¶cM+h cgqfj;k]
fny dks dM+k dhft,A¸
¶vkSj fdruk dM+k d:¡ fny\--- ek¡ ls dguk] eSa HkkbZ&HkkfHk;ksa dh ukSdjh djosQ isV ikyw¡xhA
cPpkas dh twBu [kkdj ,d dksus esa iM+h jgw¡xh] ysfdu ;gk¡ vc ugha--- vc ugha jg low¡QxhA
---dguk] ;fn ek¡ eq>s ;gk¡ ls ugha ys tk,xh rks eSa fdlh fnu xys esa ?kM+k ck¡èkdj iks[kjs esa Mwc
e#¡xhA--- cFkqvk&lkx [kkdj dc rd thm¡Q\ fdlfy,--- fdlosQ fy,\¸
gjxksfcu dk jkse&jkse dyius yxkA nsoj&nsojkfu;k¡ Hkh fdrus csnnZ gSaA Bhd vxguh èkku
osQ le; cky&cPpksa dks ysdj 'kgj ls vk,¡xsA nl&ianzg fnuksa esa d”kZ&mèkkj dh <sjh yxkdj]
okil tkrs le; nks&nks eu osQ fglkc ls pkoy&pwM+k ys tk,¡xsA fiQj vke osQ ekSle esa vkdj
gkf”kjA dPpk&iDdk vke rksM+dj cksfj;ksa esa can djosQ pys tk,¡xsA fiQj myVdj dHkh ugha
ns[krs---jk{kl gSa lc!
2024-25
Page 5


76@varjk
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*
(lu~ 1921&1977)
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq* dk tUe fcgkj osQ iwf.kZ;k f”kys osQ vkSjkgh
¯gxuk ukeoQ xk¡o esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1942 bZ- osQ
^Hkkjr NksM+ks* Lokèkhurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;kA usiky osQ
jk.kk'kkgh fojksèkh vkanksyu esa Hkh mudh lfØ; Hkwfedk jghA os
jktuhfr esa izxfr'khy fopkjèkkjk osQ leFkZd FksA 1953 bZ- esa
os lkfgR;&l`tu osQ {ks=k esa vk, vkSj mUgksaus dgkuh] miU;kl rFkk fucaèk vkfn fofoèk lkfgfR;d
foèkkvksa esa ys[ku dk;Z fd;kA
js.kq ¯gnh osQ vkapfyd dFkkdkj gSaA mUgksaus vapy&fo'ks"k dks viuh jpukvksa dk vkèkkj
cukdj] vkapfyd 'kCnkoyh vkSj eqgkojksa dk lgkjk ysrs gq,] ogk¡ osQ thou vkSj okrkoj.k dk
fp=k.k fd;k gSA viuh xgjh ekuoh; laosnuk osQ dkj.k os vHkkoxzLr turk dh csclh vkSj ihM+k
Lo;a Hkksxrs&ls yxrs gSaA bl laosnu'khyrk osQ lkFk mudk ;g fo'okl Hkh tqM+k gS fd vkt osQ
=kLr euq"; osQ Hkhrj viuh thou&n'kk dks cny nsus dh vowQr rkdr fNih gqbZ gSA
muosQ izfl¼ dgkuh&laxzg gSaµBqejh] vfxu[kksj] vkfne jkf=k dh egdA rhljh dle
mI
+
kZQ ekjs x, xqyiQke dgkuh ij fI
+
kQYe Hkh cu pqdh gSA eSyk vk¡py vkSj ijrh ifjdFkk
muosQ mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq Lora=k Hkkjr osQ iz[;kr dFkkdkj gSaA js.kq us viuh jpukvksa osQ }kjk izsepanz
dh fojklr dks u;h igpku vkSj Hkafxek iznku dhA budh dyk ltx vk¡[ksa] xgjh ekuoh;
laonsuk vkSj cnyrs lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dh idM+ viuh vyx igpku j[krs gSaA js.kq us eSyk
vk¡py] ^ijrh ifjdFkk* tSls vusd egÙoiw.kZ miU;klksa osQ lkFk vius f'kYi vkSj vkLokn esa
fHkUu ¯gnh dFkk&ubZ ijaijk dks tUe fn;kA vkèkqfudrkoknh iSQ'ku ls nwj xzkeh.k lekt js.kq dh
dye ls bruk jlflDr] izk.koku vkSj u;k vk;ke xzg.k dj ldk gS fd uxj ,oa xzke osQ
fooknksa ls vyx mls u;h lkaLÑfrd xfjek izkIr gqbZA js.kq dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkapfyd 'kCnksa osQ
iz;ksx ls yksdthou osQ ek£ed LFkyksa dh igpku gqbZ gSA mudh Hkk"kk laosnu'khy] laizs"k.kh; ,oa
Hkko izèkku gSA eek±rd ihM+k vkSj Hkkoukvksa osQ }a} dks mHkkjus esa ys[kd dh Hkk"kk varjeu dks
Nw ysrh gSA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@77
laofn;k dgkuh esa ekuoh; laosnuk dh xgu ,oa foy{k.k igpku izLrqr gqbZ gSA vlgk;
vkSj lgu'khy ukjh eu osQ dksey rarq dh] mlosQ nq[k vkSj d#.kk dh] ihM+k rFkk ;kruk
dh ,slh lw{e idM+ js.kq tSls ^vkRek osQ f'kYih* }kjk gh laHko gSA gjxksfcu laofn;k dh
rjg vius vapy osQ nq[kh] foiUu cslgkjk cM+h cgqfj;k tSls ik=kksa dk laokn ysdj js.kq
ikBdksa osQ lEeq[k mifLFkr gksrs gSaA js.kq us cM+h cgqfj;k dh ihM+k dks mlosQ Hkhrj osQ
gkgkdkj dks laofn;k osQ ekè;e ls viuh iwjh lgkuqHkwfr iznku dh gSA yksdHkk"kk dh uhao
ij [kM+h laofn;k dgkuh igkM+h >jus dh rjg xfreku gSA mldh xfr] y;] izokg] laokn
vkSj laxhr i<+us okys osQ jkse&jkse esa >aÑr gksus yxrk gSA
2024-25
78@varjk
laofn;k
gjxksfcu dks vpjt gqvkµrks vkt Hkh fdlh dks laofn;k dh ”k:jr iM+ ldrh gSA bl ”kekus
esa tcfd xk¡o&xk¡o eas Mkd?kj [kqy x, gSa] laofn;k osQ ekjI
+
kQr laokn D;ksa Hkstsxk dksbZ\ vkt
rks vkneh ?kj cSBs gh yadk rd [kcj Hkst ldrk gS vkSj ogk¡ dk oqQ'ky laokn e¡xk ldrk gSA
fiQj mldh cqykgV D;ksa gqbZ\
gjxksfcu cM+h gosyh dh VwVh M~;ks<+h ikjdj vanj x;kA lnk dh Hkk¡fr mlus okrkoj.k dks
lw¡?kdj laokn dk vank”k yxk;kA--- fu'p; gh dksbZ xqIr lekpkj ys tkuk gSA pk¡n&lwjt dks Hkh
ugha ekywe gksA ijsok&iaNh rd u tkusA
¶ik¡o ykxh] cM+h cgqfj;kA¸
cM+h gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k us gjxksfcu dks ih<+h nh vkSj vk¡[k osQ b'kkjs ls oqQN nsj
pqipki cSBus dks dgkA cM+h gosyh vc ukeek=k dks gh cM+h gosyh gSA tgk¡ fnujkr
ukSdj&ukSdjkfu;kas vkSj tu&e”knwjksa dh HkhM+ yxh jgrh Fkh] ogk¡ vkt gosyh dh cM+h cgqfj;k
vius gkFk ls lwik esa vukt ysdj iQVd jgh gSA bu gkFkksa esa flI
+
kZQ esg¡nh yxkdj gh xk¡o dh
ukbu ifjokj ikyrh FkhA dgk¡ x, os fnu\ gjxksfcu us yach lk¡l yhA
cM+s HkS;k osQ ejus osQ ckn gh tSls lc [ksy [kRe gks x;kA rhuksa Hkkb;ksa us vkil esa
yM+kbZ&>xM+k 'kq: fd;kA jS;rksa us ”kehu ij nkos djosQ n[ky fd;k] fiQj rhuksa HkkbZ xk¡o NksM+dj
'kgj esa tk cls] jg xbZ cM+h cgqfj;kµdgk¡ tkrh cspkjh! Hkxoku Hkys vkneh dks gh d"V nsrs
gSaA ugha rks ,d ?kaVs dh chekjh esa cM+s HkS;k D;ksa ejrs\---cM+h cgqfj;k dh nsg ls ”ksoj
[khap&Nhudj c¡Vokjs dh yhyk gqbZ FkhA gjxksfcu us ns[kh gS viuh vk¡[kksa ls nzkSinh phj&gj.k
yhyk! cukjlh lkM+h dks rhu VqdM+s djosQ c¡Vokjk fd;k Fkk] funZ; Hkkb;ksa usA cspkjh cM+h
cgqfj;k!
xk¡o dh eksfnvkbu cw<+h u tkus dc ls vk¡xu esa cSBdj cM+cM+k jgh Fkh] ¶m/kj dk lkSnk
[kkus esa cM+k ehBk yxrk gS vkSj nke nsrs le; eksfnvkbu dh ckr dM+oh yxrh gSA eSa vkt
nke ysdj gh mB¡wxhA¸
cM+h cgqfj;k us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA
2024-25
iQ.kh'ojukFk ^js.kq*@79
gjxksfcu us fiQj yach lk¡l yhA tc rd ;g eksfnvkbu vk¡xu ls ugha Vyrh] cM+h cgqfj;k
gjxksfcu ls oqQN ugha cksysxhA og vc pqi ugha jg ldk] ¶eksfnvkbu dkdh] ckdh&cdk;k
olwyus dk ;g dkcqyh&dk;nk rks rqeus [kwc lh[kk gSA¸
^dkcqyh&dk;nk*] lqurs gh eksfnvkbu reddj [kM+h gks xbZ] ¶pqi jg eq¡g&>kSals! fuekSfN;s---¸A
¶D;k d:¡ dkdh] Hkxoku us ew¡N&nk<+h nh ugha] u dkcqyh vkxk lkgc dh rjg xqy”kkj
nk<+h---A¸
¶fiQj dkcqyh dk uke fy;k rks thHk idM+dj [khap yw¡xhA¸
gjxksfcu us thHk ckgj fudkydj fn[kykbZA vFkkZr~µ[khap ysA
---ik¡p lky igys xqy eqgEen vkxk m/kj diM+k yxkus osQ fy, xk¡o esa vkrk Fkk vkSj
eksfnvkbu osQ vkslkjs ij nqdku yxkdj cSBrk FkkA vkxk diM+k nsrs le; cgqr ehBk cksyrk vkSj
olwyh osQ le; ”kksj&”kqYe ls ,d dk nks olwyrkA ,d ckj dbZ m/kj ysusokyksa us feydj
dkcqyh dh ,slh ejEer dj nh fd fiQj ykSVdj xk¡o esa ugha vk;kA ysfdu blosQ ckn gh nq[kuh
eksfnvkbu yky eksfnvkbu gks xbZA--- dkcqyh D;k] dkcqyh cknke osQ uke ls Hkh fp<+us yxh
eksfnvkbuA xk¡o osQ ukpusokyksa us ukp esa dkcqyh dk Lokax fd;k FkkA ¶rqe vekjk eqyqd tk,xk
eksfnvkbu\ ve dkcqyh cknke&fiLrk&vdjksV fdyk;xk---!¸
eksfnvkbu cM+cM+krh] xkyh nsrh gqbZ pyh xbZ rks cM+h cgqfj;k us gjxksfcu ls dgk]
¶gjxksfcu HkkbZ] rqedks ,d laokn ys tkuk gSA vkt ghA cksyks] tkvksxs u\¸
¶dgk¡\¸
¶esjh ek¡ osQ iklA¸
gjxksfcu cM+h cgqfj;k dh NyNykbZ vk¡[kksa esa Mwc x;k] ¶dfg,] D;k laokn gS\¸
laokn lqukrs le; cM+h cgqfj;k flldus yxhA gjxksfcu dh vk¡[ksa Hkh Hkj vkb±A--- cM+h
gosyh dh y{eh dks igyh ckj bl rjg flldrs ns[kk gS gjxksfcu usA og cksyk] ¶cM+h cgqfj;k]
fny dks dM+k dhft,A¸
¶vkSj fdruk dM+k d:¡ fny\--- ek¡ ls dguk] eSa HkkbZ&HkkfHk;ksa dh ukSdjh djosQ isV ikyw¡xhA
cPpkas dh twBu [kkdj ,d dksus esa iM+h jgw¡xh] ysfdu ;gk¡ vc ugha--- vc ugha jg low¡QxhA
---dguk] ;fn ek¡ eq>s ;gk¡ ls ugha ys tk,xh rks eSa fdlh fnu xys esa ?kM+k ck¡èkdj iks[kjs esa Mwc
e#¡xhA--- cFkqvk&lkx [kkdj dc rd thm¡Q\ fdlfy,--- fdlosQ fy,\¸
gjxksfcu dk jkse&jkse dyius yxkA nsoj&nsojkfu;k¡ Hkh fdrus csnnZ gSaA Bhd vxguh èkku
osQ le; cky&cPpksa dks ysdj 'kgj ls vk,¡xsA nl&ianzg fnuksa esa d”kZ&mèkkj dh <sjh yxkdj]
okil tkrs le; nks&nks eu osQ fglkc ls pkoy&pwM+k ys tk,¡xsA fiQj vke osQ ekSle esa vkdj
gkf”kjA dPpk&iDdk vke rksM+dj cksfj;ksa esa can djosQ pys tk,¡xsA fiQj myVdj dHkh ugha
ns[krs---jk{kl gSa lc!
2024-25
80@varjk
cM+h cgqfj;k vk¡py osQ [kw¡V ls ik¡p #i, dk ,d xank uksV fudkydj cksyh] ¶iwjk jkg&[kpZ
Hkh ugha tqVk ldhA vkus dk [kpZ ek¡ ls ek¡x ysukA mEehn gS] HkS;k rqEgkjs lkFk gh vkosaxsA¸
gjxksfcu cksyk] ¶cM+h cgqfj;k] jkg&[kpZ nsus dh ”k:jr ughaA eSa bar”kke dj yw¡xkA¸
¶rqe dgk¡ ls bar”kke djksxs\¸
¶eSa vkt nl cts dh xkM+h ls gh tk jgk gw¡A¸
cM+h cgqfj;k gkFk esa uksV ysdj pqipki] Hkko'kwU; n`f"V ls gjxksfcu dks ns[krh jghA gjxksfcu
gosyh ls ckgj vk x;kA mlus lquk] cM+h cgqfj;k dg jgh Fkh] ¶eSa rqEgkjh jkg ns[k jgh gw¡A¸
laofn;k!---vFkkZr lans'kokgd!
gjxksfcu laofn;k!---laokn igq¡pkus dk dke lHkh ugha dj ldrsA vkneh Hkxoku osQ ?kj ls
laofn;k cudj vkrk gSA laokn osQ izR;sd 'kCn dks ;kn j[kuk] ftl lqj vkSj Loj esa laokn
lquk;k x;k gS] Bhd mlh <ax ls tkdj lqukuk lgt dke ughaA xk¡o osQ yksxksa dh xyr /kj.kk
gS fd fuBYyk] dkepksj vkSj isVw vkneh gh laofn;k dk dke djrk gSA u vkxs ukFk] u ihNs
ixgkA fcuk e”knwjh fy, gh tks xk¡o&xk¡o laokn igq¡pkos] mldks vkSj D;k dgsaxs\---vkSjrksa dk
xqykeA ”kjk&lh ehBh cksyh lqudj gh u'ks esa vk tk,] ,sls enZ dks Hkh Hkyk enZ dgsaxs\ ¯drq]
xk¡o esa dkSu ,slk gS] ftlosQ ?kj dh ek¡&cgw&csVh dk laokn gjxksfcu us ugha igq¡pk;k gS\---ysfdu
,slk laokn igyh ckj ys tk jgk gS ogA
xkM+h ij lokj gksrs gh gjxksfcu dks iqjkus fnuksa vkSj laoknksa dh ;kn vkus yxhA ,d djQ.k
xhr dh Hkwyh gqbZ dM+h fiQj mlosQ dkuksa osQ ikl xw¡tus yxhA
^iS;k¡ iM¡w nk<+h /: ¡ ---
gekjks laokn ys ys tkgq js laofn;k&;k&;k!---*
cM+h cgqfj;k osQ laokn dk izR;sd 'kCn mlosQ eu esa dk¡Vs dh rjg pqHk jgk gSµfdlosQ
Hkjksls ;gk¡ jgw¡xh\ ,d ukSdj Fkk] og Hkh dy Hkkx x;kA xk; [kw¡Vs ls c¡/h Hkw[kh&I;klh fgdj
jgh gSA eSa fdlosQ fy, bruk nq[k >syw¡\
gjxksfcu us vius ikl cSBs gq, ,d ;k=kh ls iwNk] ¶D;ksa HkkbZlkgsc] Fkkuk ¯cgiqj esa MkdxkM+h
jQdrh gS ;k ugha\¸
;k=kh us ekuks oqQ<+dj dgk] ¶Fkkuk ¯cgiqj esa lHkh xkfM+;k¡ jQdrh gSaA¸
gjxksfcu us Hkk¡i fy;k] ;g vkneh fpM+fpM+s  LoHkko dk gS] blls dksbZ ckrphr ugha tesxhA
og fiQj cM+h cgqfj;k osQ laokn dks eu&gh&eu nqgjkus yxk--- ysfdu] laokn lqukrs le; og
vius dysts dks oSQls laHkky losQxk! cM+h cgqfj;k laokn dgrs le; tgk¡&tgk¡ jksbZ gSa] ogk¡ og
Hkh jks;sxk!
2024-25
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