NCERT Textbook - Connectors | English Grammar (Communicative) Interact In English- Class 9 PDF Download

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INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
CBSE
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CONNECTORS
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1. Read the English folktale given below and fill up the blank spaces with 
suitable words. 
There were once three tortoises - a father, a mother (a) ______ a baby. (b)_____ one fine 
morning during Spring, they decided (c) ______ they would like to go for a picnic. They 
picked the place (d) ______ they would go; a nice wood at some distance, (e) ______ they 
began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetables, meat and fruit 
preserves. In about three months, they were ready. They set out carrying their 
baskets (f) _____ eighteen months, they sat down for a rest. They knew (g) _____ they 
were already half way to the picnic place. 
In three years they reached there. They unpacked (h) ________ spread out the canned 
food. Then, mother began to search inside the basket. She turned it upside down and 
shook it (i) _____ something important was missing. 
"We've forgotten the tin- opener. Baby, you'll have to go back. We can't start without a 
tin-opener. We'll wait for you". 
"Do you promise (j) __________ you won't touch a thing (k) _____ I come back?"
"Yes, we promise faithfully," Mother and father said together. 
Soon after, he was lost among the bushes. 
So, they waited and waited. A year went by and they were getting hungry. They had 
promised (l)______ they waited.  They began to feel really hungry (m) ______ the sixth 
year was about to end. 
Mother tortoise said, "He'd never know the difference."
"No," said the father tortoise. 
Mother tortoise said, "He ought to be back by now. Let's just have one sandwich 
(n)_______ we are waiting." 
They picked up the sandwiches, (o) _______ as they were going to eat them, a little 
voice said, "Aha! I knew you'd cheat! It's a good thing I didn't start for that tin opener," 
baby Tortoise said.
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INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
CBSE
I
N
T
U
CONNECTORS
5 5
65
1. Read the English folktale given below and fill up the blank spaces with 
suitable words. 
There were once three tortoises - a father, a mother (a) ______ a baby. (b)_____ one fine 
morning during Spring, they decided (c) ______ they would like to go for a picnic. They 
picked the place (d) ______ they would go; a nice wood at some distance, (e) ______ they 
began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetables, meat and fruit 
preserves. In about three months, they were ready. They set out carrying their 
baskets (f) _____ eighteen months, they sat down for a rest. They knew (g) _____ they 
were already half way to the picnic place. 
In three years they reached there. They unpacked (h) ________ spread out the canned 
food. Then, mother began to search inside the basket. She turned it upside down and 
shook it (i) _____ something important was missing. 
"We've forgotten the tin- opener. Baby, you'll have to go back. We can't start without a 
tin-opener. We'll wait for you". 
"Do you promise (j) __________ you won't touch a thing (k) _____ I come back?"
"Yes, we promise faithfully," Mother and father said together. 
Soon after, he was lost among the bushes. 
So, they waited and waited. A year went by and they were getting hungry. They had 
promised (l)______ they waited.  They began to feel really hungry (m) ______ the sixth 
year was about to end. 
Mother tortoise said, "He'd never know the difference."
"No," said the father tortoise. 
Mother tortoise said, "He ought to be back by now. Let's just have one sandwich 
(n)_______ we are waiting." 
They picked up the sandwiches, (o) _______ as they were going to eat them, a little 
voice said, "Aha! I knew you'd cheat! It's a good thing I didn't start for that tin opener," 
baby Tortoise said.
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
66
1.1 Based on your reading of the passage, complete the statements using 
given connectors. 
1.2 Notice how ideas are connected in the story. Write what the following 
words you just used in 1.1 imply by choosing suitable options from the 
box.
a) The mother, father ________________thought ____________________(and) 
b) They planned to walk to the woods ____________________________ (which)
c) They reached the place ___________________________________in eighteen 
months (which)
d) They eagerly unpacked their picnic basket ____________________________ 
(but)
e) It was ___________________________________________, when the three 
tortoises arrived at the picnic, place. (after)
f) The mother tortoise ordered the baby to go home for the opener, saying 
_______________________ (that).
g) ________________________________________________ (but) was not willing 
at first.
h) The Mother and Father promised to wait ________________________ (until)
i) ___________________________________, they began to get very hungry. (after)
Note: You have combined and completed each sentence with the help of words 
called connectors.
and :
but :
where :
while :
after :
until :
so :
Page 3


INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
CBSE
I
N
T
U
CONNECTORS
5 5
65
1. Read the English folktale given below and fill up the blank spaces with 
suitable words. 
There were once three tortoises - a father, a mother (a) ______ a baby. (b)_____ one fine 
morning during Spring, they decided (c) ______ they would like to go for a picnic. They 
picked the place (d) ______ they would go; a nice wood at some distance, (e) ______ they 
began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetables, meat and fruit 
preserves. In about three months, they were ready. They set out carrying their 
baskets (f) _____ eighteen months, they sat down for a rest. They knew (g) _____ they 
were already half way to the picnic place. 
In three years they reached there. They unpacked (h) ________ spread out the canned 
food. Then, mother began to search inside the basket. She turned it upside down and 
shook it (i) _____ something important was missing. 
"We've forgotten the tin- opener. Baby, you'll have to go back. We can't start without a 
tin-opener. We'll wait for you". 
"Do you promise (j) __________ you won't touch a thing (k) _____ I come back?"
"Yes, we promise faithfully," Mother and father said together. 
Soon after, he was lost among the bushes. 
So, they waited and waited. A year went by and they were getting hungry. They had 
promised (l)______ they waited.  They began to feel really hungry (m) ______ the sixth 
year was about to end. 
Mother tortoise said, "He'd never know the difference."
"No," said the father tortoise. 
Mother tortoise said, "He ought to be back by now. Let's just have one sandwich 
(n)_______ we are waiting." 
They picked up the sandwiches, (o) _______ as they were going to eat them, a little 
voice said, "Aha! I knew you'd cheat! It's a good thing I didn't start for that tin opener," 
baby Tortoise said.
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
66
1.1 Based on your reading of the passage, complete the statements using 
given connectors. 
1.2 Notice how ideas are connected in the story. Write what the following 
words you just used in 1.1 imply by choosing suitable options from the 
box.
a) The mother, father ________________thought ____________________(and) 
b) They planned to walk to the woods ____________________________ (which)
c) They reached the place ___________________________________in eighteen 
months (which)
d) They eagerly unpacked their picnic basket ____________________________ 
(but)
e) It was ___________________________________________, when the three 
tortoises arrived at the picnic, place. (after)
f) The mother tortoise ordered the baby to go home for the opener, saying 
_______________________ (that).
g) ________________________________________________ (but) was not willing 
at first.
h) The Mother and Father promised to wait ________________________ (until)
i) ___________________________________, they began to get very hungry. (after)
Note: You have combined and completed each sentence with the help of words 
called connectors.
and :
but :
where :
while :
after :
until :
so :
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
67
connects similar actions, objects
denotes contrast
denotes time.
The words given above are called connectors. Connectors do not simply join 
sentences together; they also show how ideas are related.
There are many different ways of classifying connectors according to their 
meaning. We shall start with the ones you are already familiar with.
Look at the table below, showing the different meanings of connectors. 
Put words from the box into the correct categories. Some have been done 
for you as examples.
because when if as…..as after before
therefore where than provided that whereas
so that as although while
whereas because when as……as
2. Classification
Contrast Reason/ Result/ Place Time Comparison Condition
Cause Purpose
Page 4


INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
CBSE
I
N
T
U
CONNECTORS
5 5
65
1. Read the English folktale given below and fill up the blank spaces with 
suitable words. 
There were once three tortoises - a father, a mother (a) ______ a baby. (b)_____ one fine 
morning during Spring, they decided (c) ______ they would like to go for a picnic. They 
picked the place (d) ______ they would go; a nice wood at some distance, (e) ______ they 
began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetables, meat and fruit 
preserves. In about three months, they were ready. They set out carrying their 
baskets (f) _____ eighteen months, they sat down for a rest. They knew (g) _____ they 
were already half way to the picnic place. 
In three years they reached there. They unpacked (h) ________ spread out the canned 
food. Then, mother began to search inside the basket. She turned it upside down and 
shook it (i) _____ something important was missing. 
"We've forgotten the tin- opener. Baby, you'll have to go back. We can't start without a 
tin-opener. We'll wait for you". 
"Do you promise (j) __________ you won't touch a thing (k) _____ I come back?"
"Yes, we promise faithfully," Mother and father said together. 
Soon after, he was lost among the bushes. 
So, they waited and waited. A year went by and they were getting hungry. They had 
promised (l)______ they waited.  They began to feel really hungry (m) ______ the sixth 
year was about to end. 
Mother tortoise said, "He'd never know the difference."
"No," said the father tortoise. 
Mother tortoise said, "He ought to be back by now. Let's just have one sandwich 
(n)_______ we are waiting." 
They picked up the sandwiches, (o) _______ as they were going to eat them, a little 
voice said, "Aha! I knew you'd cheat! It's a good thing I didn't start for that tin opener," 
baby Tortoise said.
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
66
1.1 Based on your reading of the passage, complete the statements using 
given connectors. 
1.2 Notice how ideas are connected in the story. Write what the following 
words you just used in 1.1 imply by choosing suitable options from the 
box.
a) The mother, father ________________thought ____________________(and) 
b) They planned to walk to the woods ____________________________ (which)
c) They reached the place ___________________________________in eighteen 
months (which)
d) They eagerly unpacked their picnic basket ____________________________ 
(but)
e) It was ___________________________________________, when the three 
tortoises arrived at the picnic, place. (after)
f) The mother tortoise ordered the baby to go home for the opener, saying 
_______________________ (that).
g) ________________________________________________ (but) was not willing 
at first.
h) The Mother and Father promised to wait ________________________ (until)
i) ___________________________________, they began to get very hungry. (after)
Note: You have combined and completed each sentence with the help of words 
called connectors.
and :
but :
where :
while :
after :
until :
so :
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
67
connects similar actions, objects
denotes contrast
denotes time.
The words given above are called connectors. Connectors do not simply join 
sentences together; they also show how ideas are related.
There are many different ways of classifying connectors according to their 
meaning. We shall start with the ones you are already familiar with.
Look at the table below, showing the different meanings of connectors. 
Put words from the box into the correct categories. Some have been done 
for you as examples.
because when if as…..as after before
therefore where than provided that whereas
so that as although while
whereas because when as……as
2. Classification
Contrast Reason/ Result/ Place Time Comparison Condition
Cause Purpose
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
68
3. More Complex Connectors
Read through the following text. Pay special attention to the underlined words. 
These help the reader to understand the relationship between sentences, or the 
parts of sentences, clearly.
Select as many appropriate words as possible from the list given below to 
replace the underlined words. Be careful not to change the basic meaning too 
much.
to his amazement even though
although in actual fact
as a matter of fact lastly
generally usually
however nevertheless
besides to his surprise
as a rule all the same.
Martin's Picture
Martin wasn't a very bright boy. Normally, he never came more than second from the 
bottom in any test. But, that morning in the art lesson, he had drawn a beautiful 
picture of a scarecrow in a field of yellow corn. To his astonishment, the drawing was 
the only one given full marks - ten out of ten - which made him for the first time in his 
life the best in the class! He had proudly pinned the picture up on the wall behind his 
desk, where it could be admired by all. It seemed though, that not everyone admired 
it. Some unknown member of the class had, in fact, taken a violent dislike to it.
During the lunch break, when the classroom had been deserted, the picture had been 
torn off the wall. Moreover, it had been trodden or stamped on. As if that wasn't 
enough, the words 'ROTTEN RUBBISH' had been written on the back in big round 
letters. And finally, the paper was so creased that it looked as though it had been 
screwed up into a tight ball and perhaps thrown about the room.
"Who could have done it?" Martin wondered.
Page 5


INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
CBSE
I
N
T
U
CONNECTORS
5 5
65
1. Read the English folktale given below and fill up the blank spaces with 
suitable words. 
There were once three tortoises - a father, a mother (a) ______ a baby. (b)_____ one fine 
morning during Spring, they decided (c) ______ they would like to go for a picnic. They 
picked the place (d) ______ they would go; a nice wood at some distance, (e) ______ they 
began to put their things together. They got tins of cheese, vegetables, meat and fruit 
preserves. In about three months, they were ready. They set out carrying their 
baskets (f) _____ eighteen months, they sat down for a rest. They knew (g) _____ they 
were already half way to the picnic place. 
In three years they reached there. They unpacked (h) ________ spread out the canned 
food. Then, mother began to search inside the basket. She turned it upside down and 
shook it (i) _____ something important was missing. 
"We've forgotten the tin- opener. Baby, you'll have to go back. We can't start without a 
tin-opener. We'll wait for you". 
"Do you promise (j) __________ you won't touch a thing (k) _____ I come back?"
"Yes, we promise faithfully," Mother and father said together. 
Soon after, he was lost among the bushes. 
So, they waited and waited. A year went by and they were getting hungry. They had 
promised (l)______ they waited.  They began to feel really hungry (m) ______ the sixth 
year was about to end. 
Mother tortoise said, "He'd never know the difference."
"No," said the father tortoise. 
Mother tortoise said, "He ought to be back by now. Let's just have one sandwich 
(n)_______ we are waiting." 
They picked up the sandwiches, (o) _______ as they were going to eat them, a little 
voice said, "Aha! I knew you'd cheat! It's a good thing I didn't start for that tin opener," 
baby Tortoise said.
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
66
1.1 Based on your reading of the passage, complete the statements using 
given connectors. 
1.2 Notice how ideas are connected in the story. Write what the following 
words you just used in 1.1 imply by choosing suitable options from the 
box.
a) The mother, father ________________thought ____________________(and) 
b) They planned to walk to the woods ____________________________ (which)
c) They reached the place ___________________________________in eighteen 
months (which)
d) They eagerly unpacked their picnic basket ____________________________ 
(but)
e) It was ___________________________________________, when the three 
tortoises arrived at the picnic, place. (after)
f) The mother tortoise ordered the baby to go home for the opener, saying 
_______________________ (that).
g) ________________________________________________ (but) was not willing 
at first.
h) The Mother and Father promised to wait ________________________ (until)
i) ___________________________________, they began to get very hungry. (after)
Note: You have combined and completed each sentence with the help of words 
called connectors.
and :
but :
where :
while :
after :
until :
so :
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
67
connects similar actions, objects
denotes contrast
denotes time.
The words given above are called connectors. Connectors do not simply join 
sentences together; they also show how ideas are related.
There are many different ways of classifying connectors according to their 
meaning. We shall start with the ones you are already familiar with.
Look at the table below, showing the different meanings of connectors. 
Put words from the box into the correct categories. Some have been done 
for you as examples.
because when if as…..as after before
therefore where than provided that whereas
so that as although while
whereas because when as……as
2. Classification
Contrast Reason/ Result/ Place Time Comparison Condition
Cause Purpose
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
68
3. More Complex Connectors
Read through the following text. Pay special attention to the underlined words. 
These help the reader to understand the relationship between sentences, or the 
parts of sentences, clearly.
Select as many appropriate words as possible from the list given below to 
replace the underlined words. Be careful not to change the basic meaning too 
much.
to his amazement even though
although in actual fact
as a matter of fact lastly
generally usually
however nevertheless
besides to his surprise
as a rule all the same.
Martin's Picture
Martin wasn't a very bright boy. Normally, he never came more than second from the 
bottom in any test. But, that morning in the art lesson, he had drawn a beautiful 
picture of a scarecrow in a field of yellow corn. To his astonishment, the drawing was 
the only one given full marks - ten out of ten - which made him for the first time in his 
life the best in the class! He had proudly pinned the picture up on the wall behind his 
desk, where it could be admired by all. It seemed though, that not everyone admired 
it. Some unknown member of the class had, in fact, taken a violent dislike to it.
During the lunch break, when the classroom had been deserted, the picture had been 
torn off the wall. Moreover, it had been trodden or stamped on. As if that wasn't 
enough, the words 'ROTTEN RUBBISH' had been written on the back in big round 
letters. And finally, the paper was so creased that it looked as though it had been 
screwed up into a tight ball and perhaps thrown about the room.
"Who could have done it?" Martin wondered.
CBSE
INTERACT IN ENGLISH WORK BOOK
5 5
69
Now rewrite the text.
Martin's picture
Martin wasn't a very bright boy.
Usually,
Generally
As a rule,   He never came more than second from the bottom in any test.
However, .... ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Connectors are indicators or markers of what comes next in a text.
Look at these extracts from longer texts. Decide which marker/connector could 
be used in the blanks to indicate what comes next. e.g. 
There are many good players in the cricket team: for instance, Tendulkar and 
Dhoni.
1. There are two main types of elephant in the world: _____________________, the 
Indian and the African.
2. He is good at swimming, tennis and hockey. _______________, he has also 
represented the school in cricket.
3. Many environmentalists strongly object to the mill being built at Srutipur, 
_________ the unemployed are very happy at the proposal.
4. What Comes Next