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NCERT Textbook - Correlation | Economics Class 11 - Commerce PDF Download

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook - Correlation - Economics Class 11 - Commerce

1. What is correlation?
Ans. Correlation is a statistical measure that quantifies the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables. It indicates how closely the variables are related to each other. A correlation coefficient is used to represent the correlation, with values ranging from -1 to 1.
2. How is correlation different from causation?
Ans. Correlation should not be confused with causation. Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, but it does not imply that one variable causes the other. Correlation simply shows that as one variable changes, the other variable also tends to change. Causation, on the other hand, suggests that one variable directly influences the other.
3. What does a positive correlation mean?
Ans. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase. In other words, both variables move in the same direction. For example, there may be a positive correlation between studying hours and exam scores, indicating that as the number of hours spent studying increases, the exam scores also tend to increase.
4. How is correlation measured?
Ans. Correlation is measured using a correlation coefficient, typically denoted by the symbol "r". The correlation coefficient ranges from -1 to 1. A value of -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation, 0 indicates no correlation, and 1 indicates a perfect positive correlation. The closer the value is to -1 or 1, the stronger the correlation.
5. Can correlation be used to determine cause and effect?
Ans. No, correlation cannot be used to determine cause and effect. Correlation only indicates the presence and strength of a relationship between variables. To establish cause and effect, further research and experimentation are required. Correlation can provide valuable insights and guide further investigation, but it does not prove causation.
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