NCERT Textbook: अज्ञातवास | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 7 PDF Download

 Page 1


52 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
vKkrokl
22
lc viuk&viuk Hks"k cnydj jktk fojkV
osQ ;gk¡ pkdjh djus x,] rks fojkV us mUgsa
viuk ukSdj cukdj j[kuk mfpr u le>kA
gj ,d osQ ckjs esa mudk ;ghs fopkj Fkk fd
;s rks jkt djus ;ksX; izrhr gksrs gSaA eu esa
'kadk rks gqbZ] ij ikaMoksa osQ cgqr vkxzg djus
vkSj fo'okl fnykus ij jktk us mUgsa viuh
lsok esa ys fy;kA ikaMo viuh&viuh ilan
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


52 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
vKkrokl
22
lc viuk&viuk Hks"k cnydj jktk fojkV
osQ ;gk¡ pkdjh djus x,] rks fojkV us mUgsa
viuk ukSdj cukdj j[kuk mfpr u le>kA
gj ,d osQ ckjs esa mudk ;ghs fopkj Fkk fd
;s rks jkt djus ;ksX; izrhr gksrs gSaA eu esa
'kadk rks gqbZ] ij ikaMoksa osQ cgqr vkxzg djus
vkSj fo'okl fnykus ij jktk us mUgsa viuh
lsok esa ys fy;kA ikaMo viuh&viuh ilan
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 53
osQ dkeksa ij fu;qDr dj fy, x,A ;qfèkf"Bj
^oaQd* osQ uke ls fojkV osQ njckjh cu x,
vkSj jktk osQ lkFk pkSiM+ [ksydj fnu fcrkus
yxsA Hkhelsu ^oYyHk* osQ uke ls jlksb;ksa dk
eqf[k;k cudj jgus yxkA og dHkh&dHkh
e'kgwj igyokuksa ls oqQ'rh yM+dj ;k ¯gÏ
tarqvksa dks o'k esa djosQ jktk dk fny cgyk;k
djrk FkkA vtqZu L=kh osQ os'k esa ^c`gUuyk* osQ
uke ls juokl dh fL=k;ksa] [kkldj fojkV dh
dU;k mÙkjk vkSj mldh lgsfy;ksa ,oa
nkl&nkfl;ksa dks ukp vkSj xkuk&ctkuk fl[kykus
yxkA uoqQy ^xzafFkd*  osQ uke ls ?kksM+ksa dks
lkèkus] mudh chekfj;ksa dk bykt djus vkSj
mudh ns[kHkky djus esa viuh prqjrk dk
ifjp; nsrs gq, jktk dks [kq'k djrk jgkA
lgnso ^rafriky* osQ :i esa xk;&cSyksa dh
ns[kHkky djrk jgkA ikapky&jktk dh iq=kh
nzkSinh] ftldh lsok&Vgy osQ fy, fdruh
gh nkfl;k¡ jgrh Fkha] vc vius ifr;ksa dh
izfrKk iwjh djus gsrq nwljh jkuh dh vkKkdkfj.kh
nklh cu xbZA fojkV dh iRuh lqns".kk dh
lsok&lqJw"kk djrh gqbZ juokl esa ^lSjaèkzh* osQ
uke ls dke djus yxhA
jkuh lqns".kk dk HkkbZ dhpd cM+k gh
cfy"B vkSj izrkih ohj FkkA eRL; ns'k dh lsuk
dk ogh uk;d cuk gqvk Fkk vkSj vius oqQy
osQ yksxksa dks lkFk ysdj dhpd us cw<+s fojkVjkt
dh 'kfDr vkSj lÙkk esa [kwc o`f¼ dj nh FkhA
dhpd dh èkkd yksxksa ij teh gqbZ FkhA yksx
dgk djrs Fks fd eRL; ns'k dk jktk rks
dhpd gS] fojkV ughaA ;gk¡ rd fd Lo;a
fojkV Hkh dhpd ls Mjk djrs Fks vkSj mldk
dgk ekurs FksA tc ls ikaMoksa osQ ckjg cjl osQ
ouokl dh vofèk iwjh gqbZ Fkh] rHkh ls nq;ksZèku
osQ xqIrpjksa us ikaMoksa dh [kkst djuh 'kq: dj
nh FkhA bUgha fnuksa gfLrukiqj esa dhpd osQ ekjs
tkus dh [kcj iSQy xbZA ;g [kcj ikrs gh
nq;ksZèku dk ekFkk Budk fd gks&u&gks dhpd
dk oèk Hkhe us gh fd;k gksxkA ;g nq;ksZèku dk
vuqeku FkkA mlus viuk ;g fopkj jktlHkk esa
izdV djrs gq, dgkµ¶esjk [k;ky gS fd
ikaMo fojkV osQ uxj esa gh fNis gq, gSaA eq>s rks
;gh Bhd yxrk gS fd eRL; ns'k ij geyk
dj nsuk pkfg,A ;fn ikaMo ogk¡ gksaxs] rks fu'p;
gh fojkV dh rjI
+
kQ ls gels yM+us vk,¡xsA ;fn
ge vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gksus ls igys gh
mudk irk yxk ysaxs] rks 'krZ osQ vuqlkj mUgsa
ckjg cjl osQ fy, fiQj ls ouokl djuk
gksxkA ;fn ikaMo fojkV osQ ;gk¡ u Hkh gq,] rks
Hkh gekjk oqQN ugha fcxMs+xkA gekjs rks nksuksa
gkFkksa esa ya
w
 gSaA¸
nq;ksZèku dh ;g ckr lqudj f=kxrZ ns'k dk
jktk lq'kekZ mBk vkSj cksykµ¶jktu~! eRL; ns'k
osQ jktk fojkV esjs 'k=kq gSaA dhpd us Hkh eq>s
cgqr rax fd;k FkkA bl volj dk ykHk
mBkdj eSa mlls viuk iqjkuk cSj Hkh pqdk
ysuk pkgrk gw¡A¸
d.kZ us lq'kekZ dh ckr dk vuqeksnu fd;kA
fiQj lcdh jk; ls ;g fu'p; fd;k x;k fd
fojkV osQ jkT; ij jktk lq'kekZ nf{k.k dh vksj
ls geyk djs vkSj tc fojkV viuh lsuk ysdj
mldk eqdkcyk djus tk,] rc Bhd blh
ekSosQ ij mÙkj dh vksj ls nq;ksZèku viuh lsuk
ysdj vpkud fojkV uxj ij Nkik ekj nsA
bl ;kstuk osQ vuqlkj jktk lq'kekZ us nf{k.k
dh vksj ls eRL; ns'k ij vkozzQe.k dj fn;kA
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


52 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
vKkrokl
22
lc viuk&viuk Hks"k cnydj jktk fojkV
osQ ;gk¡ pkdjh djus x,] rks fojkV us mUgsa
viuk ukSdj cukdj j[kuk mfpr u le>kA
gj ,d osQ ckjs esa mudk ;ghs fopkj Fkk fd
;s rks jkt djus ;ksX; izrhr gksrs gSaA eu esa
'kadk rks gqbZ] ij ikaMoksa osQ cgqr vkxzg djus
vkSj fo'okl fnykus ij jktk us mUgsa viuh
lsok esa ys fy;kA ikaMo viuh&viuh ilan
Rationalised 2023-24
cky egkHkkjr dFkk / 53
osQ dkeksa ij fu;qDr dj fy, x,A ;qfèkf"Bj
^oaQd* osQ uke ls fojkV osQ njckjh cu x,
vkSj jktk osQ lkFk pkSiM+ [ksydj fnu fcrkus
yxsA Hkhelsu ^oYyHk* osQ uke ls jlksb;ksa dk
eqf[k;k cudj jgus yxkA og dHkh&dHkh
e'kgwj igyokuksa ls oqQ'rh yM+dj ;k ¯gÏ
tarqvksa dks o'k esa djosQ jktk dk fny cgyk;k
djrk FkkA vtqZu L=kh osQ os'k esa ^c`gUuyk* osQ
uke ls juokl dh fL=k;ksa] [kkldj fojkV dh
dU;k mÙkjk vkSj mldh lgsfy;ksa ,oa
nkl&nkfl;ksa dks ukp vkSj xkuk&ctkuk fl[kykus
yxkA uoqQy ^xzafFkd*  osQ uke ls ?kksM+ksa dks
lkèkus] mudh chekfj;ksa dk bykt djus vkSj
mudh ns[kHkky djus esa viuh prqjrk dk
ifjp; nsrs gq, jktk dks [kq'k djrk jgkA
lgnso ^rafriky* osQ :i esa xk;&cSyksa dh
ns[kHkky djrk jgkA ikapky&jktk dh iq=kh
nzkSinh] ftldh lsok&Vgy osQ fy, fdruh
gh nkfl;k¡ jgrh Fkha] vc vius ifr;ksa dh
izfrKk iwjh djus gsrq nwljh jkuh dh vkKkdkfj.kh
nklh cu xbZA fojkV dh iRuh lqns".kk dh
lsok&lqJw"kk djrh gqbZ juokl esa ^lSjaèkzh* osQ
uke ls dke djus yxhA
jkuh lqns".kk dk HkkbZ dhpd cM+k gh
cfy"B vkSj izrkih ohj FkkA eRL; ns'k dh lsuk
dk ogh uk;d cuk gqvk Fkk vkSj vius oqQy
osQ yksxksa dks lkFk ysdj dhpd us cw<+s fojkVjkt
dh 'kfDr vkSj lÙkk esa [kwc o`f¼ dj nh FkhA
dhpd dh èkkd yksxksa ij teh gqbZ FkhA yksx
dgk djrs Fks fd eRL; ns'k dk jktk rks
dhpd gS] fojkV ughaA ;gk¡ rd fd Lo;a
fojkV Hkh dhpd ls Mjk djrs Fks vkSj mldk
dgk ekurs FksA tc ls ikaMoksa osQ ckjg cjl osQ
ouokl dh vofèk iwjh gqbZ Fkh] rHkh ls nq;ksZèku
osQ xqIrpjksa us ikaMoksa dh [kkst djuh 'kq: dj
nh FkhA bUgha fnuksa gfLrukiqj esa dhpd osQ ekjs
tkus dh [kcj iSQy xbZA ;g [kcj ikrs gh
nq;ksZèku dk ekFkk Budk fd gks&u&gks dhpd
dk oèk Hkhe us gh fd;k gksxkA ;g nq;ksZèku dk
vuqeku FkkA mlus viuk ;g fopkj jktlHkk esa
izdV djrs gq, dgkµ¶esjk [k;ky gS fd
ikaMo fojkV osQ uxj esa gh fNis gq, gSaA eq>s rks
;gh Bhd yxrk gS fd eRL; ns'k ij geyk
dj nsuk pkfg,A ;fn ikaMo ogk¡ gksaxs] rks fu'p;
gh fojkV dh rjI
+
kQ ls gels yM+us vk,¡xsA ;fn
ge vKkrokl dh vofèk iwjh gksus ls igys gh
mudk irk yxk ysaxs] rks 'krZ osQ vuqlkj mUgsa
ckjg cjl osQ fy, fiQj ls ouokl djuk
gksxkA ;fn ikaMo fojkV osQ ;gk¡ u Hkh gq,] rks
Hkh gekjk oqQN ugha fcxMs+xkA gekjs rks nksuksa
gkFkksa esa ya
w
 gSaA¸
nq;ksZèku dh ;g ckr lqudj f=kxrZ ns'k dk
jktk lq'kekZ mBk vkSj cksykµ¶jktu~! eRL; ns'k
osQ jktk fojkV esjs 'k=kq gSaA dhpd us Hkh eq>s
cgqr rax fd;k FkkA bl volj dk ykHk
mBkdj eSa mlls viuk iqjkuk cSj Hkh pqdk
ysuk pkgrk gw¡A¸
d.kZ us lq'kekZ dh ckr dk vuqeksnu fd;kA
fiQj lcdh jk; ls ;g fu'p; fd;k x;k fd
fojkV osQ jkT; ij jktk lq'kekZ nf{k.k dh vksj
ls geyk djs vkSj tc fojkV viuh lsuk ysdj
mldk eqdkcyk djus tk,] rc Bhd blh
ekSosQ ij mÙkj dh vksj ls nq;ksZèku viuh lsuk
ysdj vpkud fojkV uxj ij Nkik ekj nsA
bl ;kstuk osQ vuqlkj jktk lq'kekZ us nf{k.k
dh vksj ls eRL; ns'k ij vkozzQe.k dj fn;kA
Rationalised 2023-24
54 / cky egkHkkjr dFkk
eRL; ns'k osQ nf{k.kh fgLls ij f=kxrZjkt dh
lsuk Nk xbZ vkSj xk;ksa osQ >qaM&osQ&>qaM lq'kekZ
dh lsuk osQ dC”ks esa vk x,A oaQd (;qfèkf"Bj)
us fojkV dks lkaRouk nsrs gq, dgkµ¶jktu~
¯prk u djsaA eaS Hkh vL=k&fo|k lh[kk gqvk gw¡A
eaSus lkspk gS fd vkiosQ jlksb;s oYyHk] v'oiky
xzafFkd vkSj rafriky Hkh cM+s oqQ'ky ;ks¼k gSaA eSa
dop igudj jFkk:<+ gksdj ;q¼{ks=k esa tkm¡QxkA
vki Hkh mudks vkKk nsa fd jFkk:<+ gksdj esjs
lkFk pysaA lcosQ fy, jFk vkSj 'kL=kkL=k dh
vkKk nhft,A¸
;g lqudj fojkV cM+s izlUu gks x,A
mudh vkKkuqlkj pkjksa ohjksa osQ fy, jFk rS;kj
gksdj vk [kM+s gq,A vtqZu dks NksM+dj ckdh
pkjksa ikaMo mu ij p<+dj fojkV vkSj
mudh lsuk lesr lq'kekZ ls yM+us pys x,A
jktk lq'kekZ vkSj fojkV dh lsukvksa esa ?kksj ;q¼
gqvkA tc jktk fojkV canh cuk fy, x,] rks
mudh lkjh lsuk frrj&fcrj gks xbZA lSfud
Hkkxus yxsA ;g gky ns[kdj ;qfèkf"Bj Hkhelsu
ls cksysµ¶Hkhe! fojkV dks vHkh NqM+kdj ykuk
gksxk vkSj lq'kekZ dk niZ pwj djuk gksxkA ;fn
rqe lnk dh Hkk¡fr ¯lg dh&lh xtZuk djus
yx tkvksxs] rks 'k=kq rqEgsa rqjar igpku ysaxsA
blfy, lkekU; yksxksa dh Hkk¡fr jFk ij cSBdj
vkSj èkuq"k&ck.k osQ lgkjs yM+uk Bhd gksxkA¸
vkKk ekudj Hkhelsu jFk ij ls gh lq'kekZ
dh lsuk ij ck.kksa dh ckSNkj djus yxkA FkksM+h
gh nsj dh yM+kbZ osQ ckn Hkhe us fojkV dks
NqM+k fy;k vkSj lq'kekZ dks oSQn dj fy;kA
lq'kekZ dh ijkt; dh [kcj tc fojkV uxj
igq¡ph] rks uxjokyksa us uxj dks [kwc ltkdj
vkuan euk;k vkSj fot;h jktk fojkV osQ Lokxr
osQ fy, 'kgj osQ ckgj py iM+sA bèkj uxj osQ
yksx fot; dh [kqf'k;k¡ euk jgs Fks vkSj jktk
dh ckV tksg jgs Fks] rks mèkj mÙkj dh vksj ls
nq;ksZèku us rckgh epk nhA
jktoqQekj mÙkj rks fcYkoqQy Mj x;k Fkk
vkSj dk¡i jgk FkkA mlus c`gUuyk ls dgkµ
¶c`gUuyk] eq>s cpkvks bl ladV ls! eSa rqEgkjk
cM+k midkj ekuw¡xkA¸
bl izdkj jktoqQekj mÙkj dks Hk;Hkhr vkSj
?kcjk;k gqvk tkudj c`gUuyk us mls le>krs
gq, vkSj mldk gkSlyk c<+krs gq, dgkµ
¶jktoqQekj] ?kcjkvks ughaA rqe rks flI
+
kZQ ?kksM+ksa
dh jkl l¡Hkky yksA¸ bruk dgdj vtqZu us
mÙkj dks lkjFkh osQ LFkku ij cSBkdj jkl
mlosQ gkFk esa idM+k nhA jktoqQekj us jkl
idM+ yhA vkpk;Z nzks.k ;g lc nwj ls ns[k jgs
FksA mudks fo'okl gks jgk Fkk fd ;g vtqZu gh
gSA mUgksaus ;g ckr b'kkjs ls Hkh"e dks trk nhA
;g ppkZ lqudj nq;ksZèku d.kZ ls cksykµ¶gesa
bl ckr ls D;k eryc fd ;g vkSjr osQ Hks"k
esa dkSu gS! eku ysa fd ;g vtqZu gh gSA fiQj
Hkh gekjk rks mlls dke gh curk gSA 'krZ osQ
vuqlkj mUgsa vkSj ckjg cjl dk ouokl
Hkqxruk iM+sxkA¸
vtqZu us dkSjo&lsuk osQ lkeus jFk yk
[kM+k fd;kA mlus xkaMho l¡Hkky fy;k vkSj
ml ij Mksjh p<+kdj rhu ckj ”kksj ls Vadkj
dhA dkSjo&lsuk Vadkj&èofu ls lpsr gksus Hkh
ugha ikbZ Fkh fd vtqZu us [kM+s gksdj 'ka[k dh
èofu dh] ftlls dkSjo&lsuk FkjkZ mBhA mlesa
[kycyh ep xbZ fd ikaMo vk x,A
Rationalised 2023-24