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NCERT Textbook - क्षितौ राजते भारतस्वर्णभूमिः | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 8 PDF Download

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 Page 1


f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gSa] ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku  gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djsa] blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqiw.kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/Zjs;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS%
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA
b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k
txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
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f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gSa] ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku  gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djsa] blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqiw.kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/Zjs;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS%
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA
b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k
txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
b;a Kkfuuka pSo oSKkfudkuka
foif'pTtukukfe;a laLÑrkuke~A
cgwuka erkuka tukuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA4AA
b;a f'kfYiuka ;U=kfo|k/jk.kka
fHk"kD'kkfL=k.kka Hkw% izcU/s ;qrkuke~A
uVkuka uVhuka dohuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrS HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA5AA
ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kka
rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~A
f'k[khuka 'kqdkuka fidkuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA6AA
ih;w"krqY;e~ & ve`r leku
Hkkfr & lq'kksfHkr gksrh gS
'kL;S% & iQlyksa ls
/js;e~ & /jk $ b;e~ ¾ ;g i`Foh
f{krkS & f{kfr (i`Foh) ij
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS% & f=k'kwy] vfXu] ukx rFkk i`Foh &
pkj felkbyksa (vL=kksa) osQ uke
'kCnkFkkZ%
'kCnkFkkZ%
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f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gSa] ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku  gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djsa] blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqiw.kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/Zjs;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS%
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA
b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k
txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
b;a Kkfuuka pSo oSKkfudkuka
foif'pTtukukfe;a laLÑrkuke~A
cgwuka erkuka tukuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA4AA
b;a f'kfYiuka ;U=kfo|k/jk.kka
fHk"kD'kkfL=k.kka Hkw% izcU/s ;qrkuke~A
uVkuka uVhuka dohuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrS HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA5AA
ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kka
rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~A
f'k[khuka 'kqdkuka fidkuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA6AA
ih;w"krqY;e~ & ve`r leku
Hkkfr & lq'kksfHkr gksrh gS
'kL;S% & iQlyksa ls
/js;e~ & /jk $ b;e~ ¾ ;g i`Foh
f{krkS & f{kfr (i`Foh) ij
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS% & f=k'kwy] vfXu] ukx rFkk i`Foh &
pkj felkbyksa (vL=kksa) osQ uke
'kCnkFkkZ%
'kCnkFkkZ%
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96
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
esfnuh & i`Foh
ioZ.kkeqRlokuke~ & ioZ vkSj mRloksa dh
foif'pTtukuke~ & fo}Ttuksa dh
;U=kfo|k/jk.kke~ & ;U=kfo|k dks tkuus okyksa dh
fHk"kd~ & oS|] fpfdRld
izcU/s ;qrkuke~ & ^izcU/d* leqnk; izcU/ dk;ksZa esa
yxs gq,
uV] uVh & vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh
osQljh.kke~ ¹osQ'k$fj$Mh (vkS.kkfn)º& flagksa dh
rVhuke~ & ufn;ksa dh
Hkw/jk.kke~ & ioZrksa dk
fidkuke~ & dks;ykas dk
f'k[khuke~ & eksjksa dh
1- iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[krµ
(d) b;a /jk oSQ% Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr\
([k) HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% oqQ=k jktrs\
(x) b;a osQ"kka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrk\
(?k) b;a Hkw% dfLeu~ ;qrkuke~ vfLr\
(Ä) v=k foaQ lnSo lqiw.kZefLr\
vH;kl%
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f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gSa] ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku  gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djsa] blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqiw.kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/Zjs;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS%
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA
b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k
txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
b;a Kkfuuka pSo oSKkfudkuka
foif'pTtukukfe;a laLÑrkuke~A
cgwuka erkuka tukuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA4AA
b;a f'kfYiuka ;U=kfo|k/jk.kka
fHk"kD'kkfL=k.kka Hkw% izcU/s ;qrkuke~A
uVkuka uVhuka dohuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrS HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA5AA
ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kka
rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~A
f'k[khuka 'kqdkuka fidkuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA6AA
ih;w"krqY;e~ & ve`r leku
Hkkfr & lq'kksfHkr gksrh gS
'kL;S% & iQlyksa ls
/js;e~ & /jk $ b;e~ ¾ ;g i`Foh
f{krkS & f{kfr (i`Foh) ij
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS% & f=k'kwy] vfXu] ukx rFkk i`Foh &
pkj felkbyksa (vL=kksa) osQ uke
'kCnkFkkZ%
'kCnkFkkZ%
2024-25
96
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
esfnuh & i`Foh
ioZ.kkeqRlokuke~ & ioZ vkSj mRloksa dh
foif'pTtukuke~ & fo}Ttuksa dh
;U=kfo|k/jk.kke~ & ;U=kfo|k dks tkuus okyksa dh
fHk"kd~ & oS|] fpfdRld
izcU/s ;qrkuke~ & ^izcU/d* leqnk; izcU/ dk;ksZa esa
yxs gq,
uV] uVh & vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh
osQljh.kke~ ¹osQ'k$fj$Mh (vkS.kkfn)º& flagksa dh
rVhuke~ & ufn;ksa dh
Hkw/jk.kke~ & ioZrksa dk
fidkuke~ & dks;ykas dk
f'k[khuke~ & eksjksa dh
1- iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[krµ
(d) b;a /jk oSQ% Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr\
([k) HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% oqQ=k jktrs\
(x) b;a osQ"kka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrk\
(?k) b;a Hkw% dfLeu~ ;qrkuke~ vfLr\
(Ä) v=k foaQ lnSo lqiw.kZefLr\
vH;kl%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
2- lekukFkZdinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krµ
(d) i`fFkO;ke~ ----------------------------(f{krkS@ioZrs"kq@f=kyksD;ke~)
([k) lq'kksHkrs ---------------------------- (fy[krs@Hkkfr@ficfr)
(x) cqf¼erke~ ---------------------------- (ioZ.kke~@mRlokuke~@foif'pTtukuke~)
(?k) e;wjk.kke~ ----------------------------(f'k[khuke~@'kqdkuke~@fidkuke~)
(Ä) vusosQ"kke~ ----------------------------(tukuke~@oSKkfudkuke~@cgwuke~)
3- 'yksdka'kesyua ÑRok fy[krµ
(d)f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;kL=k?kksjS% unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~
([k) lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;e~ txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw%nsoxs;k
(x) ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kke~ f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
(?k) lqiw.kZ lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Me~ v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~
(Ä) b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~
4- fp=ka n`"V~ok (ikBkr~) mi;qDrinkfu x`ghRok okD;iwfrZ oqQ#rµ
(d)vfLeu~ fp=ks ,dk ---------------------------------------------------------- ogfrA
([k) unh ---------------------------------------------------------- fu%ljfrA
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f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gSa] ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku  gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djsa] blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqiw.kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/Zjs;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS%
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA
b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k
txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA
=k;ksn'k% ikB%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
b;a Kkfuuka pSo oSKkfudkuka
foif'pTtukukfe;a laLÑrkuke~A
cgwuka erkuka tukuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA4AA
b;a f'kfYiuka ;U=kfo|k/jk.kka
fHk"kD'kkfL=k.kka Hkw% izcU/s ;qrkuke~A
uVkuka uVhuka dohuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrS HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA5AA
ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kka
rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~A
f'k[khuka 'kqdkuka fidkuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA6AA
ih;w"krqY;e~ & ve`r leku
Hkkfr & lq'kksfHkr gksrh gS
'kL;S% & iQlyksa ls
/js;e~ & /jk $ b;e~ ¾ ;g i`Foh
f{krkS & f{kfr (i`Foh) ij
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksjS% & f=k'kwy] vfXu] ukx rFkk i`Foh &
pkj felkbyksa (vL=kksa) osQ uke
'kCnkFkkZ%
'kCnkFkkZ%
2024-25
96
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
esfnuh & i`Foh
ioZ.kkeqRlokuke~ & ioZ vkSj mRloksa dh
foif'pTtukuke~ & fo}Ttuksa dh
;U=kfo|k/jk.kke~ & ;U=kfo|k dks tkuus okyksa dh
fHk"kd~ & oS|] fpfdRld
izcU/s ;qrkuke~ & ^izcU/d* leqnk; izcU/ dk;ksZa esa
yxs gq,
uV] uVh & vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh
osQljh.kke~ ¹osQ'k$fj$Mh (vkS.kkfn)º& flagksa dh
rVhuke~ & ufn;ksa dh
Hkw/jk.kke~ & ioZrksa dk
fidkuke~ & dks;ykas dk
f'k[khuke~ & eksjksa dh
1- iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[krµ
(d) b;a /jk oSQ% Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr\
([k) HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% oqQ=k jktrs\
(x) b;a osQ"kka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrk\
(?k) b;a Hkw% dfLeu~ ;qrkuke~ vfLr\
(Ä) v=k foaQ lnSo lqiw.kZefLr\
vH;kl%
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f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
2- lekukFkZdinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krµ
(d) i`fFkO;ke~ ----------------------------(f{krkS@ioZrs"kq@f=kyksD;ke~)
([k) lq'kksHkrs ---------------------------- (fy[krs@Hkkfr@ficfr)
(x) cqf¼erke~ ---------------------------- (ioZ.kke~@mRlokuke~@foif'pTtukuke~)
(?k) e;wjk.kke~ ----------------------------(f'k[khuke~@'kqdkuke~@fidkuke~)
(Ä) vusosQ"kke~ ----------------------------(tukuke~@oSKkfudkuke~@cgwuke~)
3- 'yksdka'kesyua ÑRok fy[krµ
(d)f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;kL=k?kksjS% unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~
([k) lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;e~ txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw%nsoxs;k
(x) ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kke~ f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
(?k) lqiw.kZ lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Me~ v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~
(Ä) b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlsO;k rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~
4- fp=ka n`"V~ok (ikBkr~) mi;qDrinkfu x`ghRok okD;iwfrZ oqQ#rµ
(d)vfLeu~ fp=ks ,dk ---------------------------------------------------------- ogfrA
([k) unh ---------------------------------------------------------- fu%ljfrA
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#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) u|k% tya ---------------------------------------------------------- HkofrA
(?k) ---------------------------------------------------------- 'kL;lspua HkofrA
(Ä) Hkkjr% ---------------------------------------------------------- Hkwfe% vfLrA
5- fp=kkf.k n`"V~ok (e×tw"kkr%) mi;qDrinkfu x`ghRok okD;iwfrZa oqQ#rµ
vL=kk.kke~] Hkofr] vL=kkf.k] lSfudk%] iz;ksx%] mixzgk.kka
(d) vfLeu~ fp=ks -------------------------------------------------n`';UrsA
([k) ,rs"kke~ vL=kk.kka -------------------------------------------------------- ;q¼s HkofrA
(x) Hkkjr% ,rkn`'kkuka -------------------------------------------iz;ksxs.k fodflrns'k% eU;rsA
(?k) v=k ijek.kq'kfDriz;ksx% vfi ---------------------------------------------A
(Ä) vk/qfuoSQ% vL=kS% --------------------------------------------- vLeku~ 'k=kqH;% j{kfUrA
(p) ---------------------------------------------------------- lgk;r;k cgwfu dk;kZf.k HkofUrA
2024-25
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1. क्षितौ राजते भारतस्वर्णभूमिः कक्षा 8 टेक्सटबुकमध्ये त्याच्या शीर्षकाशी संबंधित किंवा परीक्षेशी संबंधित 5 अर्थपूर्ण अक्षरशः प्रश्न (प्रश्नों) प्रदान करा ज्या उत्तरे निर्दिष्ट आहेत आणि त्यांची वर्णनास ती सापडेल. ते सर्वांसाठी सोडविण्यात यावे व त्यांच्या सामग्रीसह जुळणारी अन्य कोणतीही सामग्री समाविष्ट न करावी.

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