Class 8 Exam  >  Class 8 Notes  >  Hindi Class 8  >  NCERT Textbook: पाठ 8 - सस्ते का चककर, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8

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nwokZ/50
  lLrs dk pDdj
(Nq^h osQ ?kaVs dh vkok”k] vkB&nl cPps ,d nwljs dks /Ddk nsrs g¡lrs] fp<+krs cSx fy,
Hkkxrs gq, pys tkrs gSaA chp&chp esa LVst osQ vanj ls isQjhokyksa dh e”ksnkj yVosQ Hkjh
vkok”ksa&pus oqQjeqjs pV[kkjsnkj] ;sbZ rjkoVh vkblØhe] [k^h xksfy;k¡] BaMk 'kjcr] uhcw&larjs
dk---vt; vkSj ujsanz vkrs gSaµmez ukS&nl o"kZ vt; nqcyk] ujsanz rxM+k---yxkrkj pVj&eVj
dh vkok”k djrk ujsanz pwju [kk jgk gSA)
Ukjsanz % vjs vt;! rw rks bl le; (udy djosQ) jks”k ysÝV&jkbV] iktkek <hyk Vksih
VkbV&djrk jgrk gS u! vkt vHkh oSQls\ MaMh ekj nh u cPpw&oSQlk idM+k\ vkSj
Mªkes ls Hkh fudky fn;k D;k Vhpj us\ ,s\
vt; % ugha] vkt eEeh dh rfc;r oqQN [kjkc Fkh] eSaus Vhpj ls dgk rks mUgksaus eq>s
Nq^h ns nhA esjk ikVZ eq>s ;kn Hkh Fkk u! eSaus lkspk eEeh rks jks”k eq>s pk;&uk'rk
djkrh gSa] vkt eSa ?kj tYnh igq¡pdj mUgsa pk; cukdj fiykÅ¡ rks fdrh [kq'k
gksxh og!
ujsanz % (fcuk lqus) okg! ys blh ckr
ij pwju [kkµcM+k e”ksnkj gSA
ysfdu ,d ckr crk ;kj!
vkf[kj rw lkjs fnu bruh
i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] Mªkek&fMcsV dh
e'kDdr vkf[kj dkgs dks djrk
gS\ ,sa eq>s ns[k&D;k ekS”k Hkjh
¯tnxh gSµlSj likVk] [ksy
rek'kkA (blosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkneh FkksM+s ls ykyh ikWi
csprk gqvk vkrk gS&ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi] ipkl iSls
esa rhu---)
vkBok¡ ikB
Reprint 2024-25
Page 2


nwokZ/50
  lLrs dk pDdj
(Nq^h osQ ?kaVs dh vkok”k] vkB&nl cPps ,d nwljs dks /Ddk nsrs g¡lrs] fp<+krs cSx fy,
Hkkxrs gq, pys tkrs gSaA chp&chp esa LVst osQ vanj ls isQjhokyksa dh e”ksnkj yVosQ Hkjh
vkok”ksa&pus oqQjeqjs pV[kkjsnkj] ;sbZ rjkoVh vkblØhe] [k^h xksfy;k¡] BaMk 'kjcr] uhcw&larjs
dk---vt; vkSj ujsanz vkrs gSaµmez ukS&nl o"kZ vt; nqcyk] ujsanz rxM+k---yxkrkj pVj&eVj
dh vkok”k djrk ujsanz pwju [kk jgk gSA)
Ukjsanz % vjs vt;! rw rks bl le; (udy djosQ) jks”k ysÝV&jkbV] iktkek <hyk Vksih
VkbV&djrk jgrk gS u! vkt vHkh oSQls\ MaMh ekj nh u cPpw&oSQlk idM+k\ vkSj
Mªkes ls Hkh fudky fn;k D;k Vhpj us\ ,s\
vt; % ugha] vkt eEeh dh rfc;r oqQN [kjkc Fkh] eSaus Vhpj ls dgk rks mUgksaus eq>s
Nq^h ns nhA esjk ikVZ eq>s ;kn Hkh Fkk u! eSaus lkspk eEeh rks jks”k eq>s pk;&uk'rk
djkrh gSa] vkt eSa ?kj tYnh igq¡pdj mUgsa pk; cukdj fiykÅ¡ rks fdrh [kq'k
gksxh og!
ujsanz % (fcuk lqus) okg! ys blh ckr
ij pwju [kkµcM+k e”ksnkj gSA
ysfdu ,d ckr crk ;kj!
vkf[kj rw lkjs fnu bruh
i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] Mªkek&fMcsV dh
e'kDdr vkf[kj dkgs dks djrk
gS\ ,sa eq>s ns[k&D;k ekS”k Hkjh
¯tnxh gSµlSj likVk] [ksy
rek'kkA (blosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkneh FkksM+s ls ykyh ikWi
csprk gqvk vkrk gS&ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi] ipkl iSls
esa rhu---)
vkBok¡ ikB
Reprint 2024-25
   lLrs dk pDdj/51
ujsanz % (pkSaddj) vjs lquk gS rwus\ ipkl iSls esa rhu ;kuh ,d #i;s esa Ng ykyh ikWi!
e”kk vk x;k---ij esjs rks lkjs iSls gh [kRe gks x,] pwju] pqLdh] vkblØhe ys
yh&lqu] rsjs ikl gksaxs oqQN iSls\
vt; % ,d Hkh ughaA
ujsanz % vjs m/kj ns ns] m/kjµdy ik¡p iSls ”;knk ykSVk nw¡xkA le> D;k j[kk gS (#d
dj) lqu fjD'ks osQ rks gksaxs\
vt; % gk¡ gaS rksµij fjD'ks osQ iSlksa osQ ykyh ikWi [kjhn yw¡ eSa\ ;g rks ph¯Vx gksxhA
ujsanz % vjs cki js! rw rks gfj'kpanz th dk Hkh iM+nknk fudykA ek¡xs iSls] nsus yxk lh[k!
'kq: dj nh viuh egkcksj Lihp] er ns] er ns] BhdµeSaus iQhl ugha nhA vkt
mlosQ iSls rks gSa ghA
vt; % (le>krs gq,) ns[k ujsanz! rw ges'kk fcuk lksps le>s dke dj Mkyrk gSA esjh ckr
eku] bl vkneh ls ykyh ikWi ysuk fcYoqQy Bhd ughaµeq>s yxrk gS ;k rks ;g
dgha ls pqjkdj yk;k gS ;k dgha ls uqdlkunsg [kjkc eky mBk yk;k gSµesjh
eEeh dgrh gS----
ujsanz % (ckr dkVdj) vjs! fiQj rq>s rsjh eEeh ;kn vk xbZµesjh ckr ekusxk\ rw ”kjk
vius nwljs dku ls Hkh rks oqQN dke fy;k dj---
vt; % D;k eryc\
ujsanz % (g¡ldj) ,d dku ls lquh] nwljs dku ls fudky nhµle>k\
vt; % le>k! vc ls rsjh ckr osQ fy, gh ;g nwljk dku dke esa ykÅ¡xk-- (nksuksa ”kksj
ls g¡lrs gSa)
ujsanz % lpeqp rw ”k:jr ls ”;knk lksprk gSµblh ls (m¡xyh fn[kkdj) nqcyk lhfd;k
gSµeq>s ns[k&g^k&d^k nkjk ¯lg dk i_k&#Lres¯gn (g¡lrk gS) vjs ns[k ykyh ikWi
okyk fudy x;k rsjh ckrksa esa vjs oks--oks tk jgk gS] #duk HkkbZA gk¡ vt;] rw
Bgj eSa vHkh ys osQ vk;kA vkSj gk¡ eSaus vius fjD'ks osQ iSlksa dh rks pwju&pqldh
[kk yhA Iyht vius lkFk gh fjD'ks ls ysrs pyuk eq>sµcl vHkh vkrk gw¡---
(tkrk gS)
(vt; b/j&m/j Vgyrk cslczh ls bartkj djrk gS)
vt; % bl ujsanz dks dHkh vDy ugha vk;sxhA lc lM+h&xyh ph”ksa [kk,xk vkSj okf"kZd
ijh{kkvksa esa chekj iM+sxk---vk¡Vh Mk¡Vrh gSa rks iQV >wB cksy tk,xkµcspkjh vk¡Vhµns[k-
--vHkh rd ugha vk;k ---
Reprint 2024-25
Page 3


nwokZ/50
  lLrs dk pDdj
(Nq^h osQ ?kaVs dh vkok”k] vkB&nl cPps ,d nwljs dks /Ddk nsrs g¡lrs] fp<+krs cSx fy,
Hkkxrs gq, pys tkrs gSaA chp&chp esa LVst osQ vanj ls isQjhokyksa dh e”ksnkj yVosQ Hkjh
vkok”ksa&pus oqQjeqjs pV[kkjsnkj] ;sbZ rjkoVh vkblØhe] [k^h xksfy;k¡] BaMk 'kjcr] uhcw&larjs
dk---vt; vkSj ujsanz vkrs gSaµmez ukS&nl o"kZ vt; nqcyk] ujsanz rxM+k---yxkrkj pVj&eVj
dh vkok”k djrk ujsanz pwju [kk jgk gSA)
Ukjsanz % vjs vt;! rw rks bl le; (udy djosQ) jks”k ysÝV&jkbV] iktkek <hyk Vksih
VkbV&djrk jgrk gS u! vkt vHkh oSQls\ MaMh ekj nh u cPpw&oSQlk idM+k\ vkSj
Mªkes ls Hkh fudky fn;k D;k Vhpj us\ ,s\
vt; % ugha] vkt eEeh dh rfc;r oqQN [kjkc Fkh] eSaus Vhpj ls dgk rks mUgksaus eq>s
Nq^h ns nhA esjk ikVZ eq>s ;kn Hkh Fkk u! eSaus lkspk eEeh rks jks”k eq>s pk;&uk'rk
djkrh gSa] vkt eSa ?kj tYnh igq¡pdj mUgsa pk; cukdj fiykÅ¡ rks fdrh [kq'k
gksxh og!
ujsanz % (fcuk lqus) okg! ys blh ckr
ij pwju [kkµcM+k e”ksnkj gSA
ysfdu ,d ckr crk ;kj!
vkf[kj rw lkjs fnu bruh
i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] Mªkek&fMcsV dh
e'kDdr vkf[kj dkgs dks djrk
gS\ ,sa eq>s ns[k&D;k ekS”k Hkjh
¯tnxh gSµlSj likVk] [ksy
rek'kkA (blosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkneh FkksM+s ls ykyh ikWi
csprk gqvk vkrk gS&ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi] ipkl iSls
esa rhu---)
vkBok¡ ikB
Reprint 2024-25
   lLrs dk pDdj/51
ujsanz % (pkSaddj) vjs lquk gS rwus\ ipkl iSls esa rhu ;kuh ,d #i;s esa Ng ykyh ikWi!
e”kk vk x;k---ij esjs rks lkjs iSls gh [kRe gks x,] pwju] pqLdh] vkblØhe ys
yh&lqu] rsjs ikl gksaxs oqQN iSls\
vt; % ,d Hkh ughaA
ujsanz % vjs m/kj ns ns] m/kjµdy ik¡p iSls ”;knk ykSVk nw¡xkA le> D;k j[kk gS (#d
dj) lqu fjD'ks osQ rks gksaxs\
vt; % gk¡ gaS rksµij fjD'ks osQ iSlksa osQ ykyh ikWi [kjhn yw¡ eSa\ ;g rks ph¯Vx gksxhA
ujsanz % vjs cki js! rw rks gfj'kpanz th dk Hkh iM+nknk fudykA ek¡xs iSls] nsus yxk lh[k!
'kq: dj nh viuh egkcksj Lihp] er ns] er ns] BhdµeSaus iQhl ugha nhA vkt
mlosQ iSls rks gSa ghA
vt; % (le>krs gq,) ns[k ujsanz! rw ges'kk fcuk lksps le>s dke dj Mkyrk gSA esjh ckr
eku] bl vkneh ls ykyh ikWi ysuk fcYoqQy Bhd ughaµeq>s yxrk gS ;k rks ;g
dgha ls pqjkdj yk;k gS ;k dgha ls uqdlkunsg [kjkc eky mBk yk;k gSµesjh
eEeh dgrh gS----
ujsanz % (ckr dkVdj) vjs! fiQj rq>s rsjh eEeh ;kn vk xbZµesjh ckr ekusxk\ rw ”kjk
vius nwljs dku ls Hkh rks oqQN dke fy;k dj---
vt; % D;k eryc\
ujsanz % (g¡ldj) ,d dku ls lquh] nwljs dku ls fudky nhµle>k\
vt; % le>k! vc ls rsjh ckr osQ fy, gh ;g nwljk dku dke esa ykÅ¡xk-- (nksuksa ”kksj
ls g¡lrs gSa)
ujsanz % lpeqp rw ”k:jr ls ”;knk lksprk gSµblh ls (m¡xyh fn[kkdj) nqcyk lhfd;k
gSµeq>s ns[k&g^k&d^k nkjk ¯lg dk i_k&#Lres¯gn (g¡lrk gS) vjs ns[k ykyh ikWi
okyk fudy x;k rsjh ckrksa esa vjs oks--oks tk jgk gS] #duk HkkbZA gk¡ vt;] rw
Bgj eSa vHkh ys osQ vk;kA vkSj gk¡ eSaus vius fjD'ks osQ iSlksa dh rks pwju&pqldh
[kk yhA Iyht vius lkFk gh fjD'ks ls ysrs pyuk eq>sµcl vHkh vkrk gw¡---
(tkrk gS)
(vt; b/j&m/j Vgyrk cslczh ls bartkj djrk gS)
vt; % bl ujsanz dks dHkh vDy ugha vk;sxhA lc lM+h&xyh ph”ksa [kk,xk vkSj okf"kZd
ijh{kkvksa esa chekj iM+sxk---vk¡Vh Mk¡Vrh gSa rks iQV >wB cksy tk,xkµcspkjh vk¡Vhµns[k-
--vHkh rd ugha vk;k ---
Reprint 2024-25
nwokZ/52
(nks&rhu cPps vkrs gSa)
igyk yM+dk % vjs vt;! rw rks
dc dk Vhpj ls
Nq^h ysdj vk;k
Fkk] ;gk¡ D;k dj
jgk gS\
vt; % D;k d:¡] eq>s
[kqn bruh nsj gks
jgh gSµujsanz dc
dk m/j ykyh ikWi ysus x;k vHkh rd vk;k gh ughaµmls esjs fjD'ks esa
tkuk gSA
nwljk yM+dk % dkSu ujsanz\ mls rks eSaus dkiQh nsj igys ,d vkneh osQ lkFk ihNs okys
vke osQ cxhps esa tkrs ns[kk FkkµeSaus iwNk Hkh rks cksyk blosQ ikl Nq^s
iSls ugha] ogh ysus tk jgk gw¡---
rhljk yM+dk % vjs rw ?kj tk---ujsanz dks tkurk ugha\ mlosQ isQj esa iM+k rks viuh Hkh
'kker vkbZ le>A vkrk gS rks vk tk esjs lkFk rq>s rsjs ?kj NksM+ nw¡xkA
vt; % (lksprs gq,) ugha lqHkk"k! eq>s Mj gS dgha og vkneh dksbZ cnek'k rks
ugha---(yM+dksa ls) rqe yksx ”kjk vkvks uµns[kk tk, dgha ujsanz---
igyk % uk ckck uk] ;g tklwlh gesa ugha djuh oSls gh nsj gks xbZ gS] esjh eEeh
ekuus okyh ughµviu rks pys] ujsanz dh ujsanz tkusa] tSlk djsxk oSlk
Hkjsxk] ge D;ksa viuh tku [krjs esa MkysaA
nwljk % (rhljs ls) py ge Hkh tYnh pysa] ujsanz osQ isQj esa dgha Hkh vkiQr esa
i¡Qls rks [kSj ugha---ckW; vt;--(tkrs gSa)
vt; % (Fkdk] mnkl&ijs'kku gksdj b/jµm/j Vgyrk gS) dgk¡ x;k ujsanz vkf[kj\
vc rks cgqr nsj gks xbZ] jkLrk Hkh lqulku gks x;k--LowQy esa Hkh dksbZ
ugha! fdlls iwNw¡\ (rHkh) vjs! ;g ljljkgV oSQlh\ vke osQ cxhps ls
gh vk jgh gSA Nqidj cxhps dh vksj pyrk gw¡ vkf[kj ujsanz x;k fdèkj\
(tkrk gS)
(ujasnz dh eEeh js[kk] vt; dh eEeh felst esgrk osQ ?kj vkrh gSa)
felst esgrk % dkSu js[kk th\ ueLrs] vkb, cSfB,A
Reprint 2024-25
Page 4


nwokZ/50
  lLrs dk pDdj
(Nq^h osQ ?kaVs dh vkok”k] vkB&nl cPps ,d nwljs dks /Ddk nsrs g¡lrs] fp<+krs cSx fy,
Hkkxrs gq, pys tkrs gSaA chp&chp esa LVst osQ vanj ls isQjhokyksa dh e”ksnkj yVosQ Hkjh
vkok”ksa&pus oqQjeqjs pV[kkjsnkj] ;sbZ rjkoVh vkblØhe] [k^h xksfy;k¡] BaMk 'kjcr] uhcw&larjs
dk---vt; vkSj ujsanz vkrs gSaµmez ukS&nl o"kZ vt; nqcyk] ujsanz rxM+k---yxkrkj pVj&eVj
dh vkok”k djrk ujsanz pwju [kk jgk gSA)
Ukjsanz % vjs vt;! rw rks bl le; (udy djosQ) jks”k ysÝV&jkbV] iktkek <hyk Vksih
VkbV&djrk jgrk gS u! vkt vHkh oSQls\ MaMh ekj nh u cPpw&oSQlk idM+k\ vkSj
Mªkes ls Hkh fudky fn;k D;k Vhpj us\ ,s\
vt; % ugha] vkt eEeh dh rfc;r oqQN [kjkc Fkh] eSaus Vhpj ls dgk rks mUgksaus eq>s
Nq^h ns nhA esjk ikVZ eq>s ;kn Hkh Fkk u! eSaus lkspk eEeh rks jks”k eq>s pk;&uk'rk
djkrh gSa] vkt eSa ?kj tYnh igq¡pdj mUgsa pk; cukdj fiykÅ¡ rks fdrh [kq'k
gksxh og!
ujsanz % (fcuk lqus) okg! ys blh ckr
ij pwju [kkµcM+k e”ksnkj gSA
ysfdu ,d ckr crk ;kj!
vkf[kj rw lkjs fnu bruh
i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] Mªkek&fMcsV dh
e'kDdr vkf[kj dkgs dks djrk
gS\ ,sa eq>s ns[k&D;k ekS”k Hkjh
¯tnxh gSµlSj likVk] [ksy
rek'kkA (blosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkneh FkksM+s ls ykyh ikWi
csprk gqvk vkrk gS&ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi] ipkl iSls
esa rhu---)
vkBok¡ ikB
Reprint 2024-25
   lLrs dk pDdj/51
ujsanz % (pkSaddj) vjs lquk gS rwus\ ipkl iSls esa rhu ;kuh ,d #i;s esa Ng ykyh ikWi!
e”kk vk x;k---ij esjs rks lkjs iSls gh [kRe gks x,] pwju] pqLdh] vkblØhe ys
yh&lqu] rsjs ikl gksaxs oqQN iSls\
vt; % ,d Hkh ughaA
ujsanz % vjs m/kj ns ns] m/kjµdy ik¡p iSls ”;knk ykSVk nw¡xkA le> D;k j[kk gS (#d
dj) lqu fjD'ks osQ rks gksaxs\
vt; % gk¡ gaS rksµij fjD'ks osQ iSlksa osQ ykyh ikWi [kjhn yw¡ eSa\ ;g rks ph¯Vx gksxhA
ujsanz % vjs cki js! rw rks gfj'kpanz th dk Hkh iM+nknk fudykA ek¡xs iSls] nsus yxk lh[k!
'kq: dj nh viuh egkcksj Lihp] er ns] er ns] BhdµeSaus iQhl ugha nhA vkt
mlosQ iSls rks gSa ghA
vt; % (le>krs gq,) ns[k ujsanz! rw ges'kk fcuk lksps le>s dke dj Mkyrk gSA esjh ckr
eku] bl vkneh ls ykyh ikWi ysuk fcYoqQy Bhd ughaµeq>s yxrk gS ;k rks ;g
dgha ls pqjkdj yk;k gS ;k dgha ls uqdlkunsg [kjkc eky mBk yk;k gSµesjh
eEeh dgrh gS----
ujsanz % (ckr dkVdj) vjs! fiQj rq>s rsjh eEeh ;kn vk xbZµesjh ckr ekusxk\ rw ”kjk
vius nwljs dku ls Hkh rks oqQN dke fy;k dj---
vt; % D;k eryc\
ujsanz % (g¡ldj) ,d dku ls lquh] nwljs dku ls fudky nhµle>k\
vt; % le>k! vc ls rsjh ckr osQ fy, gh ;g nwljk dku dke esa ykÅ¡xk-- (nksuksa ”kksj
ls g¡lrs gSa)
ujsanz % lpeqp rw ”k:jr ls ”;knk lksprk gSµblh ls (m¡xyh fn[kkdj) nqcyk lhfd;k
gSµeq>s ns[k&g^k&d^k nkjk ¯lg dk i_k&#Lres¯gn (g¡lrk gS) vjs ns[k ykyh ikWi
okyk fudy x;k rsjh ckrksa esa vjs oks--oks tk jgk gS] #duk HkkbZA gk¡ vt;] rw
Bgj eSa vHkh ys osQ vk;kA vkSj gk¡ eSaus vius fjD'ks osQ iSlksa dh rks pwju&pqldh
[kk yhA Iyht vius lkFk gh fjD'ks ls ysrs pyuk eq>sµcl vHkh vkrk gw¡---
(tkrk gS)
(vt; b/j&m/j Vgyrk cslczh ls bartkj djrk gS)
vt; % bl ujsanz dks dHkh vDy ugha vk;sxhA lc lM+h&xyh ph”ksa [kk,xk vkSj okf"kZd
ijh{kkvksa esa chekj iM+sxk---vk¡Vh Mk¡Vrh gSa rks iQV >wB cksy tk,xkµcspkjh vk¡Vhµns[k-
--vHkh rd ugha vk;k ---
Reprint 2024-25
nwokZ/52
(nks&rhu cPps vkrs gSa)
igyk yM+dk % vjs vt;! rw rks
dc dk Vhpj ls
Nq^h ysdj vk;k
Fkk] ;gk¡ D;k dj
jgk gS\
vt; % D;k d:¡] eq>s
[kqn bruh nsj gks
jgh gSµujsanz dc
dk m/j ykyh ikWi ysus x;k vHkh rd vk;k gh ughaµmls esjs fjD'ks esa
tkuk gSA
nwljk yM+dk % dkSu ujsanz\ mls rks eSaus dkiQh nsj igys ,d vkneh osQ lkFk ihNs okys
vke osQ cxhps esa tkrs ns[kk FkkµeSaus iwNk Hkh rks cksyk blosQ ikl Nq^s
iSls ugha] ogh ysus tk jgk gw¡---
rhljk yM+dk % vjs rw ?kj tk---ujsanz dks tkurk ugha\ mlosQ isQj esa iM+k rks viuh Hkh
'kker vkbZ le>A vkrk gS rks vk tk esjs lkFk rq>s rsjs ?kj NksM+ nw¡xkA
vt; % (lksprs gq,) ugha lqHkk"k! eq>s Mj gS dgha og vkneh dksbZ cnek'k rks
ugha---(yM+dksa ls) rqe yksx ”kjk vkvks uµns[kk tk, dgha ujsanz---
igyk % uk ckck uk] ;g tklwlh gesa ugha djuh oSls gh nsj gks xbZ gS] esjh eEeh
ekuus okyh ughµviu rks pys] ujsanz dh ujsanz tkusa] tSlk djsxk oSlk
Hkjsxk] ge D;ksa viuh tku [krjs esa MkysaA
nwljk % (rhljs ls) py ge Hkh tYnh pysa] ujsanz osQ isQj esa dgha Hkh vkiQr esa
i¡Qls rks [kSj ugha---ckW; vt;--(tkrs gSa)
vt; % (Fkdk] mnkl&ijs'kku gksdj b/jµm/j Vgyrk gS) dgk¡ x;k ujsanz vkf[kj\
vc rks cgqr nsj gks xbZ] jkLrk Hkh lqulku gks x;k--LowQy esa Hkh dksbZ
ugha! fdlls iwNw¡\ (rHkh) vjs! ;g ljljkgV oSQlh\ vke osQ cxhps ls
gh vk jgh gSA Nqidj cxhps dh vksj pyrk gw¡ vkf[kj ujsanz x;k fdèkj\
(tkrk gS)
(ujasnz dh eEeh js[kk] vt; dh eEeh felst esgrk osQ ?kj vkrh gSa)
felst esgrk % dkSu js[kk th\ ueLrs] vkb, cSfB,A
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   lLrs dk pDdj/53
js[kk % (?kcjk;h vkok”k esa) ugha] cSBwxh ugha cgu! eSa iwNus vk;h gw¡ fd D;k
vkidk vt; vk x;k\ esjk ujsanz vHkh rd LowQy ls ugha ykSVk---
felst esgrk % vk;k rks vt; Hkh ugha] ij mls lkykuk tyls dh izSfDVl esa nsj gks
tk;k djrh gS] ysfdu vkt esjh rfc;r Hkh Bhd ugha FkhA lqcg---vt;
dg x;k Fkk Vhpj ls tYnh Nq^h ek¡x yw¡xk---'kk;n Vhpj us Nq^h ugha nh
vkSj ujasnz Hkh mlosQ lkFk #d x;k gksA
js[kk % ugha cgu--- ujsanz ”kjk 'kjkjrh gS uA blh ls Mj yx jgk gS--- nsf[k, ,d
cts Nq^h gksrh gS] <kbZ ct jgs gSa---
felst esgrk % D;k lpeqp\ eq>s rks nok [kkdj uhan vk xbZ Fkh] le; dk irk gh ugha
pyk] bruh nsj rks vt; dks Hkh ugha gksuh pkfg,A
js[kk % (jksus osQ Loj esa) oqQN dhft, tYnh] felst esgrk! gk; esjk ujsanz---
felst esgrk % ?kcjkb, ugha] js[kk th&nsf[k, esjk csVk Hkh rks gS ysfdu vt; ij rks eq>s
iwjk fo'okl gS---Bgfj,---fjD'kk ysdj pyrs gSa---nsj lpeqp dkI
+
kQh gks xbZ gSA
js[kk % (tYnh ls) vki vkb,] rc rd eSa fjD'kk cqykrh gw¡A
(js[kk fjD'kk cqykus osQ fy, ihNs dh vksj eqM+rh gS] rc rd lkeus
ns[kdj [kq'kh ls ph[k iM+rh gSA)
js[kk % vk x,! vk x,! cgu cPps] nsf[k,---
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nwokZ/50
  lLrs dk pDdj
(Nq^h osQ ?kaVs dh vkok”k] vkB&nl cPps ,d nwljs dks /Ddk nsrs g¡lrs] fp<+krs cSx fy,
Hkkxrs gq, pys tkrs gSaA chp&chp esa LVst osQ vanj ls isQjhokyksa dh e”ksnkj yVosQ Hkjh
vkok”ksa&pus oqQjeqjs pV[kkjsnkj] ;sbZ rjkoVh vkblØhe] [k^h xksfy;k¡] BaMk 'kjcr] uhcw&larjs
dk---vt; vkSj ujsanz vkrs gSaµmez ukS&nl o"kZ vt; nqcyk] ujsanz rxM+k---yxkrkj pVj&eVj
dh vkok”k djrk ujsanz pwju [kk jgk gSA)
Ukjsanz % vjs vt;! rw rks bl le; (udy djosQ) jks”k ysÝV&jkbV] iktkek <hyk Vksih
VkbV&djrk jgrk gS u! vkt vHkh oSQls\ MaMh ekj nh u cPpw&oSQlk idM+k\ vkSj
Mªkes ls Hkh fudky fn;k D;k Vhpj us\ ,s\
vt; % ugha] vkt eEeh dh rfc;r oqQN [kjkc Fkh] eSaus Vhpj ls dgk rks mUgksaus eq>s
Nq^h ns nhA esjk ikVZ eq>s ;kn Hkh Fkk u! eSaus lkspk eEeh rks jks”k eq>s pk;&uk'rk
djkrh gSa] vkt eSa ?kj tYnh igq¡pdj mUgsa pk; cukdj fiykÅ¡ rks fdrh [kq'k
gksxh og!
ujsanz % (fcuk lqus) okg! ys blh ckr
ij pwju [kkµcM+k e”ksnkj gSA
ysfdu ,d ckr crk ;kj!
vkf[kj rw lkjs fnu bruh
i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] Mªkek&fMcsV dh
e'kDdr vkf[kj dkgs dks djrk
gS\ ,sa eq>s ns[k&D;k ekS”k Hkjh
¯tnxh gSµlSj likVk] [ksy
rek'kkA (blosQ lkFk gh ,d
vkneh FkksM+s ls ykyh ikWi
csprk gqvk vkrk gS&ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi] ipkl iSls
esa rhu---)
vkBok¡ ikB
Reprint 2024-25
   lLrs dk pDdj/51
ujsanz % (pkSaddj) vjs lquk gS rwus\ ipkl iSls esa rhu ;kuh ,d #i;s esa Ng ykyh ikWi!
e”kk vk x;k---ij esjs rks lkjs iSls gh [kRe gks x,] pwju] pqLdh] vkblØhe ys
yh&lqu] rsjs ikl gksaxs oqQN iSls\
vt; % ,d Hkh ughaA
ujsanz % vjs m/kj ns ns] m/kjµdy ik¡p iSls ”;knk ykSVk nw¡xkA le> D;k j[kk gS (#d
dj) lqu fjD'ks osQ rks gksaxs\
vt; % gk¡ gaS rksµij fjD'ks osQ iSlksa osQ ykyh ikWi [kjhn yw¡ eSa\ ;g rks ph¯Vx gksxhA
ujsanz % vjs cki js! rw rks gfj'kpanz th dk Hkh iM+nknk fudykA ek¡xs iSls] nsus yxk lh[k!
'kq: dj nh viuh egkcksj Lihp] er ns] er ns] BhdµeSaus iQhl ugha nhA vkt
mlosQ iSls rks gSa ghA
vt; % (le>krs gq,) ns[k ujsanz! rw ges'kk fcuk lksps le>s dke dj Mkyrk gSA esjh ckr
eku] bl vkneh ls ykyh ikWi ysuk fcYoqQy Bhd ughaµeq>s yxrk gS ;k rks ;g
dgha ls pqjkdj yk;k gS ;k dgha ls uqdlkunsg [kjkc eky mBk yk;k gSµesjh
eEeh dgrh gS----
ujsanz % (ckr dkVdj) vjs! fiQj rq>s rsjh eEeh ;kn vk xbZµesjh ckr ekusxk\ rw ”kjk
vius nwljs dku ls Hkh rks oqQN dke fy;k dj---
vt; % D;k eryc\
ujsanz % (g¡ldj) ,d dku ls lquh] nwljs dku ls fudky nhµle>k\
vt; % le>k! vc ls rsjh ckr osQ fy, gh ;g nwljk dku dke esa ykÅ¡xk-- (nksuksa ”kksj
ls g¡lrs gSa)
ujsanz % lpeqp rw ”k:jr ls ”;knk lksprk gSµblh ls (m¡xyh fn[kkdj) nqcyk lhfd;k
gSµeq>s ns[k&g^k&d^k nkjk ¯lg dk i_k&#Lres¯gn (g¡lrk gS) vjs ns[k ykyh ikWi
okyk fudy x;k rsjh ckrksa esa vjs oks--oks tk jgk gS] #duk HkkbZA gk¡ vt;] rw
Bgj eSa vHkh ys osQ vk;kA vkSj gk¡ eSaus vius fjD'ks osQ iSlksa dh rks pwju&pqldh
[kk yhA Iyht vius lkFk gh fjD'ks ls ysrs pyuk eq>sµcl vHkh vkrk gw¡---
(tkrk gS)
(vt; b/j&m/j Vgyrk cslczh ls bartkj djrk gS)
vt; % bl ujsanz dks dHkh vDy ugha vk;sxhA lc lM+h&xyh ph”ksa [kk,xk vkSj okf"kZd
ijh{kkvksa esa chekj iM+sxk---vk¡Vh Mk¡Vrh gSa rks iQV >wB cksy tk,xkµcspkjh vk¡Vhµns[k-
--vHkh rd ugha vk;k ---
Reprint 2024-25
nwokZ/52
(nks&rhu cPps vkrs gSa)
igyk yM+dk % vjs vt;! rw rks
dc dk Vhpj ls
Nq^h ysdj vk;k
Fkk] ;gk¡ D;k dj
jgk gS\
vt; % D;k d:¡] eq>s
[kqn bruh nsj gks
jgh gSµujsanz dc
dk m/j ykyh ikWi ysus x;k vHkh rd vk;k gh ughaµmls esjs fjD'ks esa
tkuk gSA
nwljk yM+dk % dkSu ujsanz\ mls rks eSaus dkiQh nsj igys ,d vkneh osQ lkFk ihNs okys
vke osQ cxhps esa tkrs ns[kk FkkµeSaus iwNk Hkh rks cksyk blosQ ikl Nq^s
iSls ugha] ogh ysus tk jgk gw¡---
rhljk yM+dk % vjs rw ?kj tk---ujsanz dks tkurk ugha\ mlosQ isQj esa iM+k rks viuh Hkh
'kker vkbZ le>A vkrk gS rks vk tk esjs lkFk rq>s rsjs ?kj NksM+ nw¡xkA
vt; % (lksprs gq,) ugha lqHkk"k! eq>s Mj gS dgha og vkneh dksbZ cnek'k rks
ugha---(yM+dksa ls) rqe yksx ”kjk vkvks uµns[kk tk, dgha ujsanz---
igyk % uk ckck uk] ;g tklwlh gesa ugha djuh oSls gh nsj gks xbZ gS] esjh eEeh
ekuus okyh ughµviu rks pys] ujsanz dh ujsanz tkusa] tSlk djsxk oSlk
Hkjsxk] ge D;ksa viuh tku [krjs esa MkysaA
nwljk % (rhljs ls) py ge Hkh tYnh pysa] ujsanz osQ isQj esa dgha Hkh vkiQr esa
i¡Qls rks [kSj ugha---ckW; vt;--(tkrs gSa)
vt; % (Fkdk] mnkl&ijs'kku gksdj b/jµm/j Vgyrk gS) dgk¡ x;k ujsanz vkf[kj\
vc rks cgqr nsj gks xbZ] jkLrk Hkh lqulku gks x;k--LowQy esa Hkh dksbZ
ugha! fdlls iwNw¡\ (rHkh) vjs! ;g ljljkgV oSQlh\ vke osQ cxhps ls
gh vk jgh gSA Nqidj cxhps dh vksj pyrk gw¡ vkf[kj ujsanz x;k fdèkj\
(tkrk gS)
(ujasnz dh eEeh js[kk] vt; dh eEeh felst esgrk osQ ?kj vkrh gSa)
felst esgrk % dkSu js[kk th\ ueLrs] vkb, cSfB,A
Reprint 2024-25
   lLrs dk pDdj/53
js[kk % (?kcjk;h vkok”k esa) ugha] cSBwxh ugha cgu! eSa iwNus vk;h gw¡ fd D;k
vkidk vt; vk x;k\ esjk ujsanz vHkh rd LowQy ls ugha ykSVk---
felst esgrk % vk;k rks vt; Hkh ugha] ij mls lkykuk tyls dh izSfDVl esa nsj gks
tk;k djrh gS] ysfdu vkt esjh rfc;r Hkh Bhd ugha FkhA lqcg---vt;
dg x;k Fkk Vhpj ls tYnh Nq^h ek¡x yw¡xk---'kk;n Vhpj us Nq^h ugha nh
vkSj ujasnz Hkh mlosQ lkFk #d x;k gksA
js[kk % ugha cgu--- ujsanz ”kjk 'kjkjrh gS uA blh ls Mj yx jgk gS--- nsf[k, ,d
cts Nq^h gksrh gS] <kbZ ct jgs gSa---
felst esgrk % D;k lpeqp\ eq>s rks nok [kkdj uhan vk xbZ Fkh] le; dk irk gh ugha
pyk] bruh nsj rks vt; dks Hkh ugha gksuh pkfg,A
js[kk % (jksus osQ Loj esa) oqQN dhft, tYnh] felst esgrk! gk; esjk ujsanz---
felst esgrk % ?kcjkb, ugha] js[kk th&nsf[k, esjk csVk Hkh rks gS ysfdu vt; ij rks eq>s
iwjk fo'okl gS---Bgfj,---fjD'kk ysdj pyrs gSa---nsj lpeqp dkI
+
kQh gks xbZ gSA
js[kk % (tYnh ls) vki vkb,] rc rd eSa fjD'kk cqykrh gw¡A
(js[kk fjD'kk cqykus osQ fy, ihNs dh vksj eqM+rh gS] rc rd lkeus
ns[kdj [kq'kh ls ph[k iM+rh gSA)
js[kk % vk x,! vk x,! cgu cPps] nsf[k,---
Reprint 2024-25
nwokZ/54
felst esgrk % lp\ vjs gk¡] ij nksuksa osQ lkFk ;s iqfyl baLisDVj!
(Hkkjh cwV dh vkok”k osQ lkFk baLisDVj vkrk gS)
baLisDVj % (Hkkjh vkok”k esa) feLVj esgrk dk ?kj gS ;g\
felst esgrk % th&th gk¡--- dfg,! ;s cPps vkidks dgk¡ feys\ baLisDVj (vt; dh vksj
ladsr dj)&cPpk vkidk gS\
felst esgrk % th gk¡&vt; gS bldk uke--- D;k fd;k blus\
baLisDVj % vkt rks blus oks 'kkck'kh dk dke fd;k gS fd vki lqusaxh rks xoZ ls
>we mBsaxh---
felst esgrk % D;k\ eSa rks bl ij ukjk”k gks jgh Fkh fd le; ls ?kj ugha ykSVkA
baLisDVj % (g¡ldj) vkt vt; us vius bl nksLrµD;k uke gS bldkµ ujsanz dh
tku cpkbZ gS vkSj ,d cM+s fxjksg osQ ljnkj dks idM+ok;k gSA
felst esgrk % vksg! oks oSQls baLisDVj lkgc\
baLisDVj % vc ;s lc rks vki [kqn vt; ls lqfu,µgk¡ lquk nks csVs---\
vt; % eEeh! vkt eSaus Vhpj ls tYnh Nq^h ek¡x yh fd rqEgkjh rfc;r [kjkc
gS] ij ckgj vk;k rks ujsanz fey x;kA iQkVd ij ,d vkneh ipkl iSls
esa rhu ykyh ikWi csp jgk FkkA eSaus ujsanz dks euk fd;k] ij ;g brus
lLrs ykyh ikWi lqudj vius dks jksd ugha ik;k---pyk x;k---(lk¡l ysus
dks jQdrk gS)
js[kk % fiQj\
vt; % fiQj vkaVh] eSa cgqr nsj rd [kM+k jgkA lc vksj lqulku gks x;kµrc nwj
ij eq>s dqN ljljkgV ekywe gqbZA blds igys esjs ,d nksLr us crk;k Fkk
fd ujsanz vke osQ cxhps dh rjI
+
kQ ykyh ikWi okys ls Nq^s iSls ysus x;k
gSA
js[kk % rks --- fiQj rwus D;k fd;k csVs\
vt; % eSa Nqirs&Nqirs ncs ik¡o cxhps esa x;k rks ujsanz dk cSx iM+k feyk] ns[kdj
eSa gSjku jg x;kA eq>s 'kd gqvkµrHkh ns[kk rks nwj ij ogh vkneh ,d
cM+k&lk FkSyk ihB ij j[ks dkyh&Hkwjh pSd dh pknj vks<+s pyk tk jgk
Fkk---eEeh eq>s rqEgkjh lqukbZ mu cnek'kksa dh dgkfu;k¡ ;kn gks vkb± tks
cPpksa dks mBkdj ys tkrs gSa---jkLrk lwuk Fkk] blfy, eSa pqipki mlosQ
dkiQh ihNs fcuk vkok”k fd, pyrk jgkA
Reprint 2024-25
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: पाठ 8 - सस्ते का चककर, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8 - Hindi Class 8

1. सस्ते का चककर पाठ का विषय क्या है?
उत्तर. यह पाठ सस्ते की खरीदारी के महत्व को बताता है और इसे समझाने के लिए छात्रों को उदाहरण द्वारा समर्थित करता है।
2. सस्ते का चककर पाठ क्या सिखाता है?
उत्तर. यह पाठ छात्रों को बचत करने के लिए प्रेरित करता है और सस्ते की खरीदारी के लाभों को समझाता है।
3. सस्ते का चककर पाठ में कौन-कौन से विषय शामिल हैं?
उत्तर. सस्ते का चककर पाठ में वित्तीय योजना, सस्ते उत्पादों की मांग, बचत की महत्ता, और सस्ते की खरीदारी के तरीके शामिल हैं।
4. सस्ते का चककर पाठ में कौन-कौन से उदाहरण दिए गए हैं?
उत्तर. पाठ में सस्ते बिजली के उदाहरण, रेल टिकट के उदाहरण, और सस्ते खाद्य पदार्थों के उदाहरण दिए गए हैं।
5. सस्ते का चककर पाठ किस कक्षा के छात्रों के लिए है?
उत्तर. यह पाठ कक्षा 8 के छात्रों के लिए है।
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