Nirmal (నిర్మల్) | Telangana State PSC (TSPSC): Preparation Course - TSPSC (Telangana) PDF Download

History

• The Nirmal district was carved out of the former Adilabad District and is situated in northern Telangana, sharing borders with Maharashtra and various Telangana districts such as Asifabad (Komuram Bheem), Adilabad, Mancherial, Jagtial, and Nizamabad. The district comprises two revenue divisions, Nirmal and Bhainsa, with 19 mandals, and its administrative center is in Nirmal town.
• The district's name, Nirmal, originates from King Nimma Rayudu, a key figure in the region's advancement. Nirmal boasts a well-connected network of roadways, with National Highway 44 intersecting the district. It is home to significant RTC depots in Nirmal and Bhainsa. The region is blessed with fertile land, with the Godavari River forming its southern boundary, along with numerous small and medium irrigation projects. Additionally, there are chain tanks encircling Nirmal town. Primary crops grown in the district include paddy, cotton, and pulses.
• Nirmal district has a rich historical and cultural heritage, with a strong emphasis on art. Various art forms thrive in the district, such as Bindu Yakshaganam, Bagavatham, Pandavulu, Yellamma Katha, Sharada Kathalu, Kolatam, and Jada Koppulu. Particularly noteworthy are the renowned Nirmal Toys, crafted from wood, which have garnered national and international acclaim. The district is a popular destination for travelers due to its numerous tourist attractions.
• The Sri Gnana Saraswathi Temple, located on the banks of the River Godavari in Basar, is renowned for Akshara Sweekaram, the initiation of children into formal education. Additionally, the district is home to the prestigious IIIT Basara. Kuntala Waterfalls attract nature enthusiasts during the autumn season, while the Kadem Minor Irrigation project and forts like the Nirmal Fort and Quilla Outta fort are other notable landmarks in the area.

Places of Interest

• Goddess Saraswati is situated on the banks of the Godavari River in Basar, Telangana, India. This temple is one of the two renowned Saraswati temples in the Indian subcontinent, the other being Sharada Peeth. Saraswati is revered as the Hindu Goddess of knowledge and learning. The temple is a place where children are initiated into the process of learning, known as Akshara abyasam.
• Basar, a census town in the Nirmal district of Telangana, is located approximately 30 km (19 mi) from Bhainsa, 15.5 km (10 mi) from Dharmabad, 34.8 km (22 mi) from Nizamabad, 96.0 km (60 mi) from Nanded, 70 km (43 mi) from the district headquarters Nirmal, and 205 km (127 mi) from Hyderabad.

Kadam Dam

• Rivers play a crucial role in sustaining human civilization, and the dams constructed across them for irrigation and hydropower generation also serve as points of interest. One such significant attraction in the Adilabad district is the Kadam Dam. Situated across the Kadam River, a tributary of the Godavari River that flows into Telangana from Maharashtra, the dam is positioned at the confluence of the Kadam River with the Godavari.
• The primary objective of the dam is to provide irrigation for around 25000 hectares of land in Adilabad district. Originally referred to as the Godavari North Canal project, it was constructed between 1949 and 1965. Situated amidst picturesque hills and lush greenery, the dam is an attractive destination for nature enthusiasts. Its accessibility to tourists is facilitated by its proximity to the Secunderabad-Manmad railway line. 
• Legend has it that the dam is named after a sage named Kandava, who conducted significant rituals here, although it was officially renamed by the government as the Kadam Narayana Reddy Project (KNRP) in honor of a prominent local leader. The project serves numerous mandals through both left and right canals. The left canal caters to villages such as Pedda bellal, Chinna bellal, Chityal, Kondukur, Kannapur, Moriigudem, Patha kondukur, Uppari gudem, Chinna camp, Perka palli, and other villages of Kadem mandal. On the other hand, the right canal serves Jannaram, Dandepally, Tallapallli, Myadarpet, Luxettipet, and others.