Odisha under the Naib Nazims of Bengal | Odisha State PSC (OPSC): Preparation - OPSC OCS (Odisha) PDF Download

 Page 1


Odisha under the Naib Nazims of Bengal
During Aurangzeb’s reign, the Mughal empire passed through many threatening
circumstances caused by the Qutb Shahis and Adil Shahis of Deccan, Sikhs, Rajputs
and several other local chiefs. When Murshid Quli Khan took over the charge of the
administration, Odisha passed into the hands of the Naib Nazims of Bengal.
SomemajorNaibNazimsof Bengalwereasfollows:
l
Murshid Quli Khan-I Murshid Quli was assigned with the charge of Naib
Subahdar and Faujdar of Odisha and finally in 1703 AD, he was given the
independent charge as Subahadar of Odisha.
l
Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan The revenue collection from the people of Odisha
was an exploitative measure of Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan, who sent a large
amount of it to the Delhi Court for securing his position.
l
Muhammad Taqi Khan Taqi Khan,  became the deputy Governor of Odisha in
1727 Taqi Khan built a Qadam Rasul at Balasore having a pond and a garden
attached to it. He also attacked the Jagannath temple at Puri.
l
Mushid Quli Khan II Murshid Quli Khan II, another son of Suja-ud-din, was
made the deputy Subahdar to look after the administration of Odisha in 1735AD.
He revived the worship of lords in the grand temple at Puri under the leadership of
the king of Khurda.
l
Alivardi Khan He defeated Sarfarag Khan in the Battle of Giria and Odisha came
under the rule of Alivardi. Alivardi appointed Sayyid Ahmad as the Governor of
Odisha and left Gujar Khan, one of his trusted generals to assist the Governor in
discharging the administration.
Administration of the Naib Nazims
l
From the administration point of view, Murshid Quli Khan separated Midnapore
from the Subah of Odisha. He made revenue settlement in six Sarkars namely,
Jaleswar, Remuna, Basta, Golapara, Malghetia and Mazkuri.
l
During the rule of the Naib Nazims, the Muslim monuments were built in
Cuttack and Balasore. The local participation in the administration was a general
feature during this period. In military administration, the soldiers were recurited
from this land.
26 Know Your State ODISHA
Page 2


Odisha under the Naib Nazims of Bengal
During Aurangzeb’s reign, the Mughal empire passed through many threatening
circumstances caused by the Qutb Shahis and Adil Shahis of Deccan, Sikhs, Rajputs
and several other local chiefs. When Murshid Quli Khan took over the charge of the
administration, Odisha passed into the hands of the Naib Nazims of Bengal.
SomemajorNaibNazimsof Bengalwereasfollows:
l
Murshid Quli Khan-I Murshid Quli was assigned with the charge of Naib
Subahdar and Faujdar of Odisha and finally in 1703 AD, he was given the
independent charge as Subahadar of Odisha.
l
Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan The revenue collection from the people of Odisha
was an exploitative measure of Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan, who sent a large
amount of it to the Delhi Court for securing his position.
l
Muhammad Taqi Khan Taqi Khan,  became the deputy Governor of Odisha in
1727 Taqi Khan built a Qadam Rasul at Balasore having a pond and a garden
attached to it. He also attacked the Jagannath temple at Puri.
l
Mushid Quli Khan II Murshid Quli Khan II, another son of Suja-ud-din, was
made the deputy Subahdar to look after the administration of Odisha in 1735AD.
He revived the worship of lords in the grand temple at Puri under the leadership of
the king of Khurda.
l
Alivardi Khan He defeated Sarfarag Khan in the Battle of Giria and Odisha came
under the rule of Alivardi. Alivardi appointed Sayyid Ahmad as the Governor of
Odisha and left Gujar Khan, one of his trusted generals to assist the Governor in
discharging the administration.
Administration of the Naib Nazims
l
From the administration point of view, Murshid Quli Khan separated Midnapore
from the Subah of Odisha. He made revenue settlement in six Sarkars namely,
Jaleswar, Remuna, Basta, Golapara, Malghetia and Mazkuri.
l
During the rule of the Naib Nazims, the Muslim monuments were built in
Cuttack and Balasore. The local participation in the administration was a general
feature during this period. In military administration, the soldiers were recurited
from this land.
26 Know Your State ODISHA
Odisha under the Marathas
The Maratha administration of Odisha effectively began from the year 1751 AD
Raghuji Bhonsle I became the new master of the territory and a new system of
government was put into operation. The Maratha rule started with the Peace Treaty
of 1751.TheMarathasdividedOdishaintotwobroadpoliticaldivisions:
The Mughalbandi It comprised the coastal districts and was divided into 150
Parganas and placed under 32 Revenue Commissioners or Amins.
The Garhjat This region covered the hill tracts of Odisha and was allowed to be
ruled by 24 tributary chieftains, who paid light tributes to the Maratha Government.
Maratha Subahdars in Odisha
l
Sheo Bhatt Sathe was the first Maratha Subahdar in Odisha. He collected Chauth
from the Nawab of Bengal. After Battle of Buxar, Sheo Bhatt failed to pay his
arrear to Januji, hence, he was dismissed in 1764.
l
The next Subahdars in that order were Sheo Bhatt, Chimma Sau, Bhawani Pandit,
Shambhaji Ganesh, Babuji Naik, Madhoji Hari and Rajaram Pandit.
l
Odisha also witnessed the Anglo-Maratha conflict between the Marathas and
Governor General Warren Hastings.
l
The last representative of Maratha in Odisha was Sadashiv Rao appointed in
1793.
Administration of the Marathas
l
Marathas introduced the Pilgrimage tax for the first time in the state, which was
charged from the visiting tourists.
l
Grants were allotted for repairing of temples. The temple of Jagannath was
brought under direct management of the Maratha Governers with special attention
paid for its preservation and maintenance.
l
The great festivals at Puri received total government patronage. Marathas were
responsible for popularising Rath Yatra.
Timeline
Period Events
1038 CE Establishment of Gangal/Eastern Ganga Dynasty
1135 CE Chodagangadeva shifts capital from Kalinganagara to Kataka
1250 CE Narasimhadeva I builds the Konark temple
1278 CE Ananta Vasudeva temple built by Queen Chandrika
1434 CE Gajapati Dynasty established by Kapilendra Deva
1513 AD Krishnadevraya invasion in Udayagiri
1522 AD Quli Qutb Shah’s invasion
1541 AD Bhoi Dynasty founded by Govinda Vidyadhara
27 Medieval History of Odisha
Page 3


Odisha under the Naib Nazims of Bengal
During Aurangzeb’s reign, the Mughal empire passed through many threatening
circumstances caused by the Qutb Shahis and Adil Shahis of Deccan, Sikhs, Rajputs
and several other local chiefs. When Murshid Quli Khan took over the charge of the
administration, Odisha passed into the hands of the Naib Nazims of Bengal.
SomemajorNaibNazimsof Bengalwereasfollows:
l
Murshid Quli Khan-I Murshid Quli was assigned with the charge of Naib
Subahdar and Faujdar of Odisha and finally in 1703 AD, he was given the
independent charge as Subahadar of Odisha.
l
Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan The revenue collection from the people of Odisha
was an exploitative measure of Suja-ud-din Muhammad Khan, who sent a large
amount of it to the Delhi Court for securing his position.
l
Muhammad Taqi Khan Taqi Khan,  became the deputy Governor of Odisha in
1727 Taqi Khan built a Qadam Rasul at Balasore having a pond and a garden
attached to it. He also attacked the Jagannath temple at Puri.
l
Mushid Quli Khan II Murshid Quli Khan II, another son of Suja-ud-din, was
made the deputy Subahdar to look after the administration of Odisha in 1735AD.
He revived the worship of lords in the grand temple at Puri under the leadership of
the king of Khurda.
l
Alivardi Khan He defeated Sarfarag Khan in the Battle of Giria and Odisha came
under the rule of Alivardi. Alivardi appointed Sayyid Ahmad as the Governor of
Odisha and left Gujar Khan, one of his trusted generals to assist the Governor in
discharging the administration.
Administration of the Naib Nazims
l
From the administration point of view, Murshid Quli Khan separated Midnapore
from the Subah of Odisha. He made revenue settlement in six Sarkars namely,
Jaleswar, Remuna, Basta, Golapara, Malghetia and Mazkuri.
l
During the rule of the Naib Nazims, the Muslim monuments were built in
Cuttack and Balasore. The local participation in the administration was a general
feature during this period. In military administration, the soldiers were recurited
from this land.
26 Know Your State ODISHA
Odisha under the Marathas
The Maratha administration of Odisha effectively began from the year 1751 AD
Raghuji Bhonsle I became the new master of the territory and a new system of
government was put into operation. The Maratha rule started with the Peace Treaty
of 1751.TheMarathasdividedOdishaintotwobroadpoliticaldivisions:
The Mughalbandi It comprised the coastal districts and was divided into 150
Parganas and placed under 32 Revenue Commissioners or Amins.
The Garhjat This region covered the hill tracts of Odisha and was allowed to be
ruled by 24 tributary chieftains, who paid light tributes to the Maratha Government.
Maratha Subahdars in Odisha
l
Sheo Bhatt Sathe was the first Maratha Subahdar in Odisha. He collected Chauth
from the Nawab of Bengal. After Battle of Buxar, Sheo Bhatt failed to pay his
arrear to Januji, hence, he was dismissed in 1764.
l
The next Subahdars in that order were Sheo Bhatt, Chimma Sau, Bhawani Pandit,
Shambhaji Ganesh, Babuji Naik, Madhoji Hari and Rajaram Pandit.
l
Odisha also witnessed the Anglo-Maratha conflict between the Marathas and
Governor General Warren Hastings.
l
The last representative of Maratha in Odisha was Sadashiv Rao appointed in
1793.
Administration of the Marathas
l
Marathas introduced the Pilgrimage tax for the first time in the state, which was
charged from the visiting tourists.
l
Grants were allotted for repairing of temples. The temple of Jagannath was
brought under direct management of the Maratha Governers with special attention
paid for its preservation and maintenance.
l
The great festivals at Puri received total government patronage. Marathas were
responsible for popularising Rath Yatra.
Timeline
Period Events
1038 CE Establishment of Gangal/Eastern Ganga Dynasty
1135 CE Chodagangadeva shifts capital from Kalinganagara to Kataka
1250 CE Narasimhadeva I builds the Konark temple
1278 CE Ananta Vasudeva temple built by Queen Chandrika
1434 CE Gajapati Dynasty established by Kapilendra Deva
1513 AD Krishnadevraya invasion in Udayagiri
1522 AD Quli Qutb Shah’s invasion
1541 AD Bhoi Dynasty founded by Govinda Vidyadhara
27 Medieval History of Odisha 28 Know Your State ODISHA
1568 AD Karrani Dynasty founded by Sulaiman Khan Karrani
1576 AD Battle of Raj Mahal in which Mughals established their rule in Odisha
1590 AD Puri and coastal areas went to Mughals
1606 AD Jahangir separated Odisha from Bengal
1703 AD Odisha passed into the hands of Naib Nazims of Bengal
1751 AD Maratha rule in Odisha