PPT: Active and Passive Voice | Verbal Ability (VA) & Reading Comprehension (RC) - CAT PDF Download

 Page 1


Active and Passive 
Voice
Page 2


Active and Passive 
Voice
Introduction
Voice Definition
Voice refers to the form of the verb 
that shows the relationship between 
the subject and the action, indicating 
whether the subject is performing the 
action (active voice) or receiving it 
(passive voice).
Active Voice Example
In the active voice sentence, "He 
loves me," "he" is the subject, "loves" 
is the verb, and "me" is the object.
Passive Voice Example
In its passive counterpart, "I am 
loved by him." The subject is "I," the 
verb is "am loved," and the object is 
"him."
Page 3


Active and Passive 
Voice
Introduction
Voice Definition
Voice refers to the form of the verb 
that shows the relationship between 
the subject and the action, indicating 
whether the subject is performing the 
action (active voice) or receiving it 
(passive voice).
Active Voice Example
In the active voice sentence, "He 
loves me," "he" is the subject, "loves" 
is the verb, and "me" is the object.
Passive Voice Example
In its passive counterpart, "I am 
loved by him." The subject is "I," the 
verb is "am loved," and the object is 
"him."
Transformation
Process
The transformation from 
active to passive voice 
involves changing the verb 
form, with the addition of 
auxiliary verbs like "be," "do," 
or "have" to convey tense or 
mood.
Meaning Preservation
Despite differences in 
structure, the meaning of the 
sentence remains unchanged. 
Essentially, active sentences 
focus on the one acting, while 
passive sentences highlight 
the recipient of the action.
Purpose
The change in voice does not alter the core meaning of the 
sentence but shifts emphasis and can be used strategically in 
different writing contexts.
Page 4


Active and Passive 
Voice
Introduction
Voice Definition
Voice refers to the form of the verb 
that shows the relationship between 
the subject and the action, indicating 
whether the subject is performing the 
action (active voice) or receiving it 
(passive voice).
Active Voice Example
In the active voice sentence, "He 
loves me," "he" is the subject, "loves" 
is the verb, and "me" is the object.
Passive Voice Example
In its passive counterpart, "I am 
loved by him." The subject is "I," the 
verb is "am loved," and the object is 
"him."
Transformation
Process
The transformation from 
active to passive voice 
involves changing the verb 
form, with the addition of 
auxiliary verbs like "be," "do," 
or "have" to convey tense or 
mood.
Meaning Preservation
Despite differences in 
structure, the meaning of the 
sentence remains unchanged. 
Essentially, active sentences 
focus on the one acting, while 
passive sentences highlight 
the recipient of the action.
Purpose
The change in voice does not alter the core meaning of the 
sentence but shifts emphasis and can be used strategically in 
different writing contexts.
Structure of Active and Passive Voice
1
Active Voice Structure
Active voice describes a sentence where the subject is the doer of an action. Its structure is as follows: 
Subject + Verb + Object
2
Transformation Process
When converting from active to passive, the object becomes the subject, and the subject becomes the 
object (often introduced by "by").
3
Passive Voice Structure
Passive voice expresses action that is carried out on the subject of the sentence. Its structure is: Object + 
Verb + Subject
Page 5


Active and Passive 
Voice
Introduction
Voice Definition
Voice refers to the form of the verb 
that shows the relationship between 
the subject and the action, indicating 
whether the subject is performing the 
action (active voice) or receiving it 
(passive voice).
Active Voice Example
In the active voice sentence, "He 
loves me," "he" is the subject, "loves" 
is the verb, and "me" is the object.
Passive Voice Example
In its passive counterpart, "I am 
loved by him." The subject is "I," the 
verb is "am loved," and the object is 
"him."
Transformation
Process
The transformation from 
active to passive voice 
involves changing the verb 
form, with the addition of 
auxiliary verbs like "be," "do," 
or "have" to convey tense or 
mood.
Meaning Preservation
Despite differences in 
structure, the meaning of the 
sentence remains unchanged. 
Essentially, active sentences 
focus on the one acting, while 
passive sentences highlight 
the recipient of the action.
Purpose
The change in voice does not alter the core meaning of the 
sentence but shifts emphasis and can be used strategically in 
different writing contexts.
Structure of Active and Passive Voice
1
Active Voice Structure
Active voice describes a sentence where the subject is the doer of an action. Its structure is as follows: 
Subject + Verb + Object
2
Transformation Process
When converting from active to passive, the object becomes the subject, and the subject becomes the 
object (often introduced by "by").
3
Passive Voice Structure
Passive voice expresses action that is carried out on the subject of the sentence. Its structure is: Object + 
Verb + Subject
Important Rules for Active and Passive Voice
1
Subject-Object Swap
In passive-voice sentences, the 
subject of the active voice (e.g., 
"they") becomes the object. The 
object of the active voice 
becomes the new subject.
2
Verb Form Changes
In passive voice, the third form 
of the verb, known as the past 
participle, is used (e.g., eat, 
eaten). The auxiliary verb "be" 
(am, is, are, was, were) is added 
before the past participle based 
on the verb's tense.
3
Preposition Usage
Generally, the preposition "by" is 
used before the object in 
passive-voice sentences. In 
cases where the intended 
meaning is clear, the subject in 
passive voice sentences can 
sometimes be omitted.