NEET Exam > NEET Notes > Biology Class 12 > PPT: Biotechnology & its Applications
Biotechnology & its Applications PPT Biology Class 12
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FAQs on Biotechnology & its Applications PPT Biology Class 12
| 1. What is biotechnology and how is it related to NEET? |  |
Ans. Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to utilize living organisms or their components for various purposes. In the NEET exam, biotechnology is an important topic that students need to study as it is included in the syllabus. Understanding the concepts of biotechnology is essential for NEET aspirants to answer related questions in the exam.
| 2. What are the applications of biotechnology? | |
Ans. Biotechnology has various applications in different fields. Some of the important applications include:
- Genetic engineering: Manipulating the genetic material of organisms to produce desired traits.
- Agriculture: Developing genetically modified crops for improved yield, disease resistance, and nutritional value.
- Medicine: Producing vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostic tools through biotechnological processes.
- Environmental conservation: Using bioremediation techniques to clean up pollutants and preserving endangered species.
- Industrial processes: Utilizing enzymes and microorganisms to produce biofuels, chemicals, and textiles.
| 3. How does biotechnology contribute to advancements in healthcare? | |
Ans. Biotechnology plays a significant role in healthcare advancements. It allows for the development of new drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic tools. Genetic engineering techniques enable the production of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin, through recombinant DNA technology. Biotechnology also aids in gene therapy, where defective genes are replaced or repaired to treat genetic disorders. Additionally, biotechnology enables the production of personalized medicine by analyzing an individual's genetic makeup and tailoring treatments accordingly.
| 4. Can you explain the process of genetic engineering? | |
Ans. Genetic engineering involves the manipulation of an organism's genetic material to introduce desired traits. The process typically includes the following steps:
1. Isolation: The target gene or DNA fragment is isolated from the source organism.
2. Insertion: The isolated gene is inserted into a vector, such as a plasmid or a viral DNA, which acts as a carrier.
3. Transformation: The vector carrying the target gene is introduced into the host organism, such as bacteria or plant cells.
4. Expression: The host organism incorporates the foreign gene into its genome and starts producing the desired protein.
5. Selection: The transformed organisms are selected and grown under specific conditions to identify those that have successfully incorporated and expressed the target gene.
| 5. What are the ethical concerns associated with biotechnology? | |
Ans. Biotechnology raises several ethical concerns, including:
- Genetic modification: Manipulating the genetic makeup of organisms raises questions about the potential long-term effects on ecosystems and biodiversity.
- Patenting of life forms: The ability to patent genetically modified organisms raises concerns about ownership and control over living organisms.
- Informed consent: The use of biotechnology in areas such as genetic testing and gene therapy raises concerns about informed consent, privacy, and potential discrimination based on genetic information.
- Safety and regulation: The safe use and regulation of biotechnology products, such as genetically modified organisms and gene-edited organisms, is a subject of ongoing debate and scrutiny to ensure minimal risks to human health and the environment.
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Nov 23, 2024 Last updated |
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