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1. What are coordination compounds in chemistry?
Ans. Coordination compounds are molecules or ions that consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions, known as ligands. These ligands donate electron pairs to the central metal atom, forming coordinate covalent bonds.
2. How are coordination compounds named?
Ans. Coordination compounds are named by listing the ligands in alphabetical order followed by the name of the central metal atom with a Roman numeral indicating its oxidation state, if necessary. For example, [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 is named hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride.
3. What is the coordination number of a metal in a complex?
Ans. The coordination number of a metal in a complex is the number of ligands that are directly attached to the central metal atom. It is determined by counting the number of bonds formed between the metal atom and the surrounding ligands.
4. What is the difference between a coordination complex and a coordination compound?
Ans. A coordination complex refers to the central metal atom or ion bonded to the surrounding ligands, while a coordination compound includes the entire molecule or ion, including any counterions. For example, [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 is a coordination complex, but the coordination compound is [Co(NH3)6]Cl3.
5. How do coordination compounds exhibit different colors?
Ans. Coordination compounds exhibit different colors due to the absorption of certain wavelengths of light by the complex. The color is influenced by the metal atom, ligands, and the arrangement of electrons within the complex, resulting in a characteristic color for each coordination compound.
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