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Page 1
?
Introduction
?
Classification of I.C. engines ,
?
Engine details,
?
I.C.Engine terminology ,
?
Otto four stroke petrol Engine ,
?
Four stroke diesel Engine ,
?
Difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ,
?
Two stroke cycle engines ,
?
Difference between two stroke and four stroke cycle engines ,
?
Indicated Power (I.P.) ,
?
Efficiencies
Page 2
?
Introduction
?
Classification of I.C. engines ,
?
Engine details,
?
I.C.Engine terminology ,
?
Otto four stroke petrol Engine ,
?
Four stroke diesel Engine ,
?
Difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ,
?
Two stroke cycle engines ,
?
Difference between two stroke and four stroke cycle engines ,
?
Indicated Power (I.P.) ,
?
Efficiencies
?
In 1876 four stroke engine based on Otto cycle was developed by a German engineer
Nikolous Otto. Diesel Engine was developed by another German engineer Rudolf Diesel in the
year 1892.
?
Engine refers as “Heat engine is a device which converts chemical energy of fuel into Heat
energy and this Heat energy further convert into mechanical work”.
?
Based on where the combustion of fuel take place. Whether outside the working cylinder or
inside the working cylinder
?
(a) External combustion engines (E.C.ENGINES), (b) Internal combustion engines
(I.C.ENGINES)
I.C.ENGINES E.C.ENGINES
Fuel combustion take place inside the cylinder.
Fuel combustion take place outside the cylinder.
Compact in size and more efficient. Larger in size and less efficient.
Low initial cost. More initial cost.
Working fluid is mixture of air and fuel. Working fluid is steam.
Easier and quick starting of these engines. Starting is difficult and more time is required.
Costly fuels are required like petrol and diesel. Cheaper fuel may be used like coal.
More suitable for mobile applications. Less suitable for mobile applications.
Page 3
?
Introduction
?
Classification of I.C. engines ,
?
Engine details,
?
I.C.Engine terminology ,
?
Otto four stroke petrol Engine ,
?
Four stroke diesel Engine ,
?
Difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ,
?
Two stroke cycle engines ,
?
Difference between two stroke and four stroke cycle engines ,
?
Indicated Power (I.P.) ,
?
Efficiencies
?
In 1876 four stroke engine based on Otto cycle was developed by a German engineer
Nikolous Otto. Diesel Engine was developed by another German engineer Rudolf Diesel in the
year 1892.
?
Engine refers as “Heat engine is a device which converts chemical energy of fuel into Heat
energy and this Heat energy further convert into mechanical work”.
?
Based on where the combustion of fuel take place. Whether outside the working cylinder or
inside the working cylinder
?
(a) External combustion engines (E.C.ENGINES), (b) Internal combustion engines
(I.C.ENGINES)
I.C.ENGINES E.C.ENGINES
Fuel combustion take place inside the cylinder.
Fuel combustion take place outside the cylinder.
Compact in size and more efficient. Larger in size and less efficient.
Low initial cost. More initial cost.
Working fluid is mixture of air and fuel. Working fluid is steam.
Easier and quick starting of these engines. Starting is difficult and more time is required.
Costly fuels are required like petrol and diesel. Cheaper fuel may be used like coal.
More suitable for mobile applications. Less suitable for mobile applications.
?
I.C.ENGINES are may be classified according to
• Type of fuel used as (1)Petrol engine (2)Diesel engine (3)Gas engines (4)Bi-fuel engine (two fuel engine)
• Nature of thermodynamic cycle as: (1)Otto cycle engine (2)Diesel engine cycle (3) Duel or mixed cycle engine
• Number of stroke per cycle as : (1) Four stroke engine (2) Two stroke engine
• Method of ignition as : (1) Spark Ignition engines (Mixture of air and fuel is ignited by electric spark)
(2) Compression Ignition engines (The fuel is ignited as it comes in contact with hot Compressed air)
• Method of Cooling as : (1) Air cooled engines (2) Water cooled engines
• Speed of the engines as : (1) Low speed engines (2) Medium speed engines (3) High speed engines
• Number of cylinder as : (1) Single cylinder engines (2) Multi cylinder engines
• Position of the cylinder as : (1) Inline engines (2) V-engines (3) Radial engines (4) Opposed cylinder engines
(4) Opposed piston engines
Inline Engine V- Engine Opposed Piston Engine
Page 4
?
Introduction
?
Classification of I.C. engines ,
?
Engine details,
?
I.C.Engine terminology ,
?
Otto four stroke petrol Engine ,
?
Four stroke diesel Engine ,
?
Difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ,
?
Two stroke cycle engines ,
?
Difference between two stroke and four stroke cycle engines ,
?
Indicated Power (I.P.) ,
?
Efficiencies
?
In 1876 four stroke engine based on Otto cycle was developed by a German engineer
Nikolous Otto. Diesel Engine was developed by another German engineer Rudolf Diesel in the
year 1892.
?
Engine refers as “Heat engine is a device which converts chemical energy of fuel into Heat
energy and this Heat energy further convert into mechanical work”.
?
Based on where the combustion of fuel take place. Whether outside the working cylinder or
inside the working cylinder
?
(a) External combustion engines (E.C.ENGINES), (b) Internal combustion engines
(I.C.ENGINES)
I.C.ENGINES E.C.ENGINES
Fuel combustion take place inside the cylinder.
Fuel combustion take place outside the cylinder.
Compact in size and more efficient. Larger in size and less efficient.
Low initial cost. More initial cost.
Working fluid is mixture of air and fuel. Working fluid is steam.
Easier and quick starting of these engines. Starting is difficult and more time is required.
Costly fuels are required like petrol and diesel. Cheaper fuel may be used like coal.
More suitable for mobile applications. Less suitable for mobile applications.
?
I.C.ENGINES are may be classified according to
• Type of fuel used as (1)Petrol engine (2)Diesel engine (3)Gas engines (4)Bi-fuel engine (two fuel engine)
• Nature of thermodynamic cycle as: (1)Otto cycle engine (2)Diesel engine cycle (3) Duel or mixed cycle engine
• Number of stroke per cycle as : (1) Four stroke engine (2) Two stroke engine
• Method of ignition as : (1) Spark Ignition engines (Mixture of air and fuel is ignited by electric spark)
(2) Compression Ignition engines (The fuel is ignited as it comes in contact with hot Compressed air)
• Method of Cooling as : (1) Air cooled engines (2) Water cooled engines
• Speed of the engines as : (1) Low speed engines (2) Medium speed engines (3) High speed engines
• Number of cylinder as : (1) Single cylinder engines (2) Multi cylinder engines
• Position of the cylinder as : (1) Inline engines (2) V-engines (3) Radial engines (4) Opposed cylinder engines
(4) Opposed piston engines
Inline Engine V- Engine Opposed Piston Engine
Page 5
?
Introduction
?
Classification of I.C. engines ,
?
Engine details,
?
I.C.Engine terminology ,
?
Otto four stroke petrol Engine ,
?
Four stroke diesel Engine ,
?
Difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ,
?
Two stroke cycle engines ,
?
Difference between two stroke and four stroke cycle engines ,
?
Indicated Power (I.P.) ,
?
Efficiencies
?
In 1876 four stroke engine based on Otto cycle was developed by a German engineer
Nikolous Otto. Diesel Engine was developed by another German engineer Rudolf Diesel in the
year 1892.
?
Engine refers as “Heat engine is a device which converts chemical energy of fuel into Heat
energy and this Heat energy further convert into mechanical work”.
?
Based on where the combustion of fuel take place. Whether outside the working cylinder or
inside the working cylinder
?
(a) External combustion engines (E.C.ENGINES), (b) Internal combustion engines
(I.C.ENGINES)
I.C.ENGINES E.C.ENGINES
Fuel combustion take place inside the cylinder.
Fuel combustion take place outside the cylinder.
Compact in size and more efficient. Larger in size and less efficient.
Low initial cost. More initial cost.
Working fluid is mixture of air and fuel. Working fluid is steam.
Easier and quick starting of these engines. Starting is difficult and more time is required.
Costly fuels are required like petrol and diesel. Cheaper fuel may be used like coal.
More suitable for mobile applications. Less suitable for mobile applications.
?
I.C.ENGINES are may be classified according to
• Type of fuel used as (1)Petrol engine (2)Diesel engine (3)Gas engines (4)Bi-fuel engine (two fuel engine)
• Nature of thermodynamic cycle as: (1)Otto cycle engine (2)Diesel engine cycle (3) Duel or mixed cycle engine
• Number of stroke per cycle as : (1) Four stroke engine (2) Two stroke engine
• Method of ignition as : (1) Spark Ignition engines (Mixture of air and fuel is ignited by electric spark)
(2) Compression Ignition engines (The fuel is ignited as it comes in contact with hot Compressed air)
• Method of Cooling as : (1) Air cooled engines (2) Water cooled engines
• Speed of the engines as : (1) Low speed engines (2) Medium speed engines (3) High speed engines
• Number of cylinder as : (1) Single cylinder engines (2) Multi cylinder engines
• Position of the cylinder as : (1) Inline engines (2) V-engines (3) Radial engines (4) Opposed cylinder engines
(4) Opposed piston engines
Inline Engine V- Engine Opposed Piston Engine
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FAQs on PPT: I.C Engine - Thermodynamics - Mechanical Engineering
| 1. What is an internal combustion engine? |  |
An internal combustion engine is a type of heat engine that converts chemical energy stored in fuel into mechanical energy. It does this by burning the fuel inside the engine, causing it to expand and create pressure, which in turn drives the piston and ultimately powers the vehicle or machinery.
| 2. How does an internal combustion engine work? | |
An internal combustion engine works in four main stages: intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. During the intake stroke, the piston moves downward, drawing in a mixture of air and fuel into the combustion chamber. In the compression stroke, the piston moves upward, compressing the mixture. In the combustion stroke, a spark ignites the compressed mixture, causing a rapid expansion and generating power. Finally, in the exhaust stroke, the piston moves upward again, pushing out the exhaust gases produced during combustion.
| 3. What are the advantages of internal combustion engines? | |
Internal combustion engines have several advantages. They are highly efficient in converting fuel into mechanical energy, providing good power output. They are also versatile and can be used in various applications, such as automobiles, aircraft, boats, and power generators. Additionally, internal combustion engines are compact, lightweight, and relatively inexpensive compared to alternative power sources.
| 4. What are the different types of internal combustion engines? | |
There are two main types of internal combustion engines: spark-ignition (SI) engines and compression-ignition (CI) engines. SI engines, also known as gasoline engines, use a spark plug to ignite the fuel-air mixture. CI engines, also called diesel engines, rely on compression to ignite the fuel. Each type has its own advantages and is suitable for different applications and fuel types.
| 5. What are the environmental impacts of internal combustion engines? | |
Internal combustion engines contribute to environmental concerns due to emissions produced during fuel combustion. These emissions include carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change, as well as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter that contribute to air pollution. Efforts are being made to reduce these emissions through technologies like catalytic converters, particulate filters, and the development of alternative fuels.
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Dec 22, 2024 Last updated |
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