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CREATED BY :
Nurhidayah bt zamat
Fatin zafirah bt ramli 
Hafizuddin bin Mohamad
Microprocessor and 
Microcontroller Fundamentals
MCU 3053
Mechatronics System Design
Puan Juwita binti Mad Juhani
Page 2


CREATED BY :
Nurhidayah bt zamat
Fatin zafirah bt ramli 
Hafizuddin bin Mohamad
Microprocessor and 
Microcontroller Fundamentals
MCU 3053
Mechatronics System Design
Puan Juwita binti Mad Juhani
A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the 
functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single 
integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.
MICROPROCESSOR
Page 3


CREATED BY :
Nurhidayah bt zamat
Fatin zafirah bt ramli 
Hafizuddin bin Mohamad
Microprocessor and 
Microcontroller Fundamentals
MCU 3053
Mechatronics System Design
Puan Juwita binti Mad Juhani
A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the 
functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single 
integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.
MICROPROCESSOR
Microprocessor System
Page 4


CREATED BY :
Nurhidayah bt zamat
Fatin zafirah bt ramli 
Hafizuddin bin Mohamad
Microprocessor and 
Microcontroller Fundamentals
MCU 3053
Mechatronics System Design
Puan Juwita binti Mad Juhani
A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the 
functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single 
integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.
MICROPROCESSOR
Microprocessor System
MICROCONTROLLER
A microcontroller is a small computer (SoC) on a single integrated 
circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable 
input/output peripherals.
Page 5


CREATED BY :
Nurhidayah bt zamat
Fatin zafirah bt ramli 
Hafizuddin bin Mohamad
Microprocessor and 
Microcontroller Fundamentals
MCU 3053
Mechatronics System Design
Puan Juwita binti Mad Juhani
A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the 
functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single 
integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.
MICROPROCESSOR
Microprocessor System
MICROCONTROLLER
A microcontroller is a small computer (SoC) on a single integrated 
circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable 
input/output peripherals.
Microcontroller System
Can you 
see the 
different ??

FAQs on PPT - Introduction: Microprocessors and Microcontrollers - Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

1. What is the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller?

Ans. A microprocessor is a central processing unit (CPU) that performs arithmetic and logical operations, while a microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit that contains a CPU, memory, and input/output peripherals. Microprocessors are typically used in general-purpose computing applications, whereas microcontrollers are designed for specific tasks and embedded systems.

2. How does a microprocessor work?

Ans. A microprocessor works by executing instructions stored in its memory. It fetches an instruction from memory, decodes it to determine the operation to be performed, fetches the necessary data, executes the operation, and stores the result. This process is repeated for each instruction in the program, allowing the microprocessor to perform complex computations and control tasks.

3. What are the applications of microprocessors and microcontrollers?

Ans. Microprocessors are used in various applications such as personal computers, smartphones, servers, and gaming consoles. They are also used in industrial automation, robotics, and automotive systems. Microcontrollers, on the other hand, are commonly used in embedded systems like home appliances, medical devices, consumer electronics, and automotive electronics.

4. What are the advantages of using microcontrollers in embedded systems?

Ans. Microcontrollers offer several advantages in embedded systems. They are cost-effective due to their integration of a CPU, memory, and peripherals on a single chip. They consume less power, making them suitable for battery-operated devices. They provide real-time control and are highly reliable. Additionally, microcontrollers are programmable, allowing flexibility in design and functionality.

5. How do microprocessors and microcontrollers contribute to the Internet of Things (IoT)?

Ans. Both microprocessors and microcontrollers play a crucial role in the IoT ecosystem. Microprocessors enable connectivity and data processing capabilities in IoT devices. They handle complex tasks like data analytics and communication protocols. Microcontrollers, on the other hand, provide the necessary control and sensing capabilities in IoT devices, allowing them to interact with the physical world. Together, they enable the seamless integration of devices and data exchange in the IoT network.

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Oct 10, 2025 Last updated

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