PPT: Politics of Planned Development | Political Science Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


POLITICS OF PLANNED 
DEVELOPMENT
Page 2


POLITICS OF PLANNED 
DEVELOPMENT
The Case of Orissa's Iron Ore
Government's 
Perspective
The State government of 
Orissa sees the global 
demand for steel as an 
opportunity for investment 
and employment. They have 
signed MoUs with 
international and domestic 
steel makers.
Tribal Population's 
Concerns
The tribal population in the 
underdeveloped districts 
where the iron ore is located 
fears displacement from 
their homes and livelihoods 
due to industrial 
development.
Environmental 
Concerns
Environmentalists worry 
about the pollution that 
mining and industry would 
bring to the region.
Central 
Government's 
Stance
The central government 
believes that not allowing 
industry could discourage 
investments in the country.
Page 3


POLITICS OF PLANNED 
DEVELOPMENT
The Case of Orissa's Iron Ore
Government's 
Perspective
The State government of 
Orissa sees the global 
demand for steel as an 
opportunity for investment 
and employment. They have 
signed MoUs with 
international and domestic 
steel makers.
Tribal Population's 
Concerns
The tribal population in the 
underdeveloped districts 
where the iron ore is located 
fears displacement from 
their homes and livelihoods 
due to industrial 
development.
Environmental 
Concerns
Environmentalists worry 
about the pollution that 
mining and industry would 
bring to the region.
Central 
Government's 
Stance
The central government 
believes that not allowing 
industry could discourage 
investments in the country.
Political Contestation
Expert Advice
Decisions on development 
involve input from experts 
in mining, 
environmentalists, and 
economists.
Political 
Decision-Making
The final decision must be 
political, taken by people's 
representatives who are in 
touch with the feelings of 
the people.
Shared Vision
Post-Independence India 
had a shared vision of 
development meaning 
both economic growth and 
social and economic 
justice.
Government's 
Role
There was agreement that 
the government should 
play a key role in ensuring 
growth with justice, but 
disagreement on the 
specifics of this role.
After Independence, India had to make major decisions about economic development, balancing growth and social justice. There was 
debate over the government's role - should it centrally plan the economy or just guide it? These political decisions had consequences 
that shaped India's path. We need to study this development process as part of India's political history.
Page 4


POLITICS OF PLANNED 
DEVELOPMENT
The Case of Orissa's Iron Ore
Government's 
Perspective
The State government of 
Orissa sees the global 
demand for steel as an 
opportunity for investment 
and employment. They have 
signed MoUs with 
international and domestic 
steel makers.
Tribal Population's 
Concerns
The tribal population in the 
underdeveloped districts 
where the iron ore is located 
fears displacement from 
their homes and livelihoods 
due to industrial 
development.
Environmental 
Concerns
Environmentalists worry 
about the pollution that 
mining and industry would 
bring to the region.
Central 
Government's 
Stance
The central government 
believes that not allowing 
industry could discourage 
investments in the country.
Political Contestation
Expert Advice
Decisions on development 
involve input from experts 
in mining, 
environmentalists, and 
economists.
Political 
Decision-Making
The final decision must be 
political, taken by people's 
representatives who are in 
touch with the feelings of 
the people.
Shared Vision
Post-Independence India 
had a shared vision of 
development meaning 
both economic growth and 
social and economic 
justice.
Government's 
Role
There was agreement that 
the government should 
play a key role in ensuring 
growth with justice, but 
disagreement on the 
specifics of this role.
After Independence, India had to make major decisions about economic development, balancing growth and social justice. There was 
debate over the government's role - should it centrally plan the economy or just guide it? These political decisions had consequences 
that shaped India's path. We need to study this development process as part of India's political history.
Left and Right in Politics
Left Ideology
Left often refers to those who are in favour of state control 
of the economy and prefers state regulation over free 
competition.
Right Ideology
The Right refers to those who believe that free competition 
and market economy alone ensure progress and that the 
government should not unnecessarily intervene in the 
economy.
In the politics of most countries, you will always come across references to parties and groups with a left or right ideology or leaning. 
These terms characterise the position of the concerned groups or parties regarding social change and role of the state in effecting 
economic redistribution. 
Can you tell which of the parties in the 1960s were Rightist and which were the Left parties?
Page 5


POLITICS OF PLANNED 
DEVELOPMENT
The Case of Orissa's Iron Ore
Government's 
Perspective
The State government of 
Orissa sees the global 
demand for steel as an 
opportunity for investment 
and employment. They have 
signed MoUs with 
international and domestic 
steel makers.
Tribal Population's 
Concerns
The tribal population in the 
underdeveloped districts 
where the iron ore is located 
fears displacement from 
their homes and livelihoods 
due to industrial 
development.
Environmental 
Concerns
Environmentalists worry 
about the pollution that 
mining and industry would 
bring to the region.
Central 
Government's 
Stance
The central government 
believes that not allowing 
industry could discourage 
investments in the country.
Political Contestation
Expert Advice
Decisions on development 
involve input from experts 
in mining, 
environmentalists, and 
economists.
Political 
Decision-Making
The final decision must be 
political, taken by people's 
representatives who are in 
touch with the feelings of 
the people.
Shared Vision
Post-Independence India 
had a shared vision of 
development meaning 
both economic growth and 
social and economic 
justice.
Government's 
Role
There was agreement that 
the government should 
play a key role in ensuring 
growth with justice, but 
disagreement on the 
specifics of this role.
After Independence, India had to make major decisions about economic development, balancing growth and social justice. There was 
debate over the government's role - should it centrally plan the economy or just guide it? These political decisions had consequences 
that shaped India's path. We need to study this development process as part of India's political history.
Left and Right in Politics
Left Ideology
Left often refers to those who are in favour of state control 
of the economy and prefers state regulation over free 
competition.
Right Ideology
The Right refers to those who believe that free competition 
and market economy alone ensure progress and that the 
government should not unnecessarily intervene in the 
economy.
In the politics of most countries, you will always come across references to parties and groups with a left or right ideology or leaning. 
These terms characterise the position of the concerned groups or parties regarding social change and role of the state in effecting 
economic redistribution. 
Can you tell which of the parties in the 1960s were Rightist and which were the Left parties?
Ideas of Development
1
Western Model
Development as 
becoming more 
'modern' and like 
industrialised Western 
countries
2
Modernisation
Breakdown of 
traditional structures, 
rise of capitalism and 
liberalism
3
Growth and 
Progress
Associated with 
material progress and 
scientific rationality
4
Soviet Model
Many in India were 
impressed by the Soviet 
model of development
Development means different things to different people. There was much debate in India after independence about the path forward  
should it be the Western capitalist model or the Soviet socialist model? 
Nationalist leaders wanted India's economic priorities to be different from the colonial government's narrow commercial interests. 
There were debates within the government about whether to prioritize industrialization or agriculture and rural poverty alleviation.