You need to summarize the passage given below. In the exam, you will have 10 minutes to complete this task. Your response will be assessed on how well you capture the essential points of the passage and the clarity of your writing.
You can draft your answer on paper, and then check your response by clicking the "View Answer" button.
Q1: Compulsory voting is often suggested as a solution to the problem of declining turnout. But how are individuals and countries affected by compulsory voting beyond boosting electoral participation? Shane Singh investigates the social, economic, and political consequences of compelling citizens to vote. There has been a lot of discussions about compulsory voting these days. In the United Kingdom, in particular, as voter turnout rates have declined, many commentators and politicians have begun advocating for mandatory electoral participation. Those in favor of compulsory voting often adduce the importance of participation among all segments of society. Citizens of democracies are forced to do many things in the interest of the public good, they maintain, including serving on juries and educating their children, and full participation serves the country as a whole. Those opposed to compulsory voting often argue that, from a democratic theory perspective, the right to vote implicitly includes a right not to vote. Such a right of abstention, they argue, is more important than any societal good that might accompany high turnout. In fact, opponents of compulsory voting often contend that the country may be better off if those who are disinclined to vote are not pushed to participate in public affairs. Regardless of whether one of these sets of arguments is more persuasive than the other, compulsory voting is commonly used around the world. Several European democracies mandate voting, as do Australia and most of the countries in Latin America. By evaluating results from these countries, it is possible to assess the mechanics and effects of compulsory voting.
View AnswerWhile those in favor of compulsory voting adduce the importance of participation among all segments of society others, on the contrary, argue that from the perspective of democratic theory the right to vote implicitly includes a right not to vote.
Q2: When Australians engage in debate about educational quality or equity, they often seem to accept that a country cannot achieve both at the same time. The lecture will present compelling international evidence that there are countries that do, though Australia is not among them. Curriculum reforms intended to improve equity often fail to do so because they increase breadth or differentiation in offerings in a way that increases differences in quality. Further, these differences in quality often reflect differences in students’ social backgrounds because the ‘new’ offerings are typically taken up by relatively disadvantaged students who are not served well by them. Evidence from New South Wales will be used to illustrate this point. The need to improve the quality of education is well accepted across OECD and other countries as they seek to strengthen their human capital to underpin their modern, knowledge economies. Improved equity is also important for this purpose since the demand for high-level skills is widespread and the opportunities for the low-skilled are diminishing. Improved equity in education is also important for social cohesion. There are countries in which the education system seems primarily to reproduce existing social arrangements, conferring privilege where it already exists and denying it where it does not. Even in countries where the diagnosis might be less extreme, the capacity of schooling to build social cohesion is often diminished by the way in which schools separate individuals and groups. The lecture will explore ways in which an education system could provide choice, as Australia does, while also increasing social capital and helping to increase social cohesion. The perspective will be one of lifelong learning and not just learning during the years of schooling.
There should be improved equity in education all around the world, as the demand for high-level skills is widespread and the opportunities are less.
You will have 20 minutes to plan, write and revise an essay about the topic below. Carefully read the statement below and write an essay in response. A sample essay is available for you to review by clicking on the "View Answer" button.
Your essay will be evaluated based on how effectively you develop your position, organize your ideas, provide supporting details, and adhere to the conventions of standard written English. Aim for a word count between 200-300 words.
Q1: People, who are famous, such as entertainers or sportspeople, should give up the right to privacy as this is the price of fame. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give your opinion with your experiences.
Support with point of view with reasons and examples from your own experience or observation.
I would only partially agree with the notion that famous individuals, be they entertainers or sportspeople, should relinquish some aspects of their privacy due to the price of fame. While it is true that public figures often voluntarily expose certain facets of their lives in the pursuit of their careers, they should still be entitled to a reasonable degree of privacy.
By choosing high-profile professions, celebrities in a way accept a level of scrutiny. However, this scrutiny should be confined to their professional lives and activities that are of public concern. It becomes problematic when the public's fascination with a celebrity transcends their work and invades their personal space.
My experiences lead me to believe that excessive intrusion into the private lives of famous individuals can have severe consequences. The constant media attention, paparazzi, and public speculation can lead to mental health issues, strained relationships, and a loss of personal autonomy, even loss of life as in the case of Princess Diana. This is particularly evident in cases where the media sensationalizes personal struggles or exploits vulnerable moments for commercial gain.
On the other hand, celebrities also play a role in shaping their public image. Those who actively engage with social media or reality shows willingly share aspects of their lives, blurring the line between public and private. In such cases, the argument for the right to privacy weakens.
In conclusion, while a certain degree of public scrutiny is inherent in a life of fame, it is essential to strike a balance between the public's right to know and a celebrity's right to privacy. Excessive intrusion can have detrimental effects on the well-being of famous individuals, and society should be mindful of this as it navigates the delicate relationship between public figures and their personal lives.
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