Table of contents |
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Square Numbers |
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List of Square Numbers (1 to 100) |
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Odd and Even Square Numbers |
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Properties of Square Numbers |
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Square Root |
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Important Points to Remember: |
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When a number or integer (not a fraction) is multiplied by itself, the resultant is called a ‘Square Number’.
The following are the properties of the square numbers:
The square root of a number is that number the product of which itself gives the given number, i.e, the square root of 400 is 20, the square root of 625 is 25.
(i) By the method of Prime Factors:
When a given number is a perfect square, we resolve it into prime factors and take the product of prime factors, choosing one out of every two.
To find the square root of a perfect square by using the prime factorization method when a given number is a perfect square:
Step I: Resolve the given number into prime factors.
Step II: Make pairs of similar factors.
Step III: Take the product of prime factors, choosing one factor out of every pair.
Examples on square root of a perfect square by using the prime factorization method:
1. Find the square root of 484 by prime factorization method.
Solution:
Resolving 484 as the product of primes, we get
484 = 2 × 2 × 11 × 11
√484 = √(2 × 2 × 11 × 11)
= 2 × 11
Therefore, √484 = 22
2. Find the square root of 324.
Solution: The square root of 324 by prime factorization, we get
324 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
√324 = √(2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3)
= 2 × 3 × 3
Therefore, √324 = 18
(ii) By the method of Long Division:
This method can be used when the number is large and the factors cannot be determined easily. This method can also be used when we want to add a least number or to subtract a least number from a given number so that the resulting number may give a perfect square of some number.
Steps of Long Division Method for Finding Square Roots:
Step I: Group the digits in pairs, starting with the digit in the units place. Each pair and the remaining digit (if any) is called a period.
Step II: Think of the largest number whose square is equal to or just less than the first period. Take this number as the divisor and also as the quotient.
Step III: Subtract the product of the divisor and the quotient from the first period and bring down the next period to the right of the remainder. This becomes the new dividend.
Step IV: Now, the new divisor is obtained by taking two times the quotient and annexing with it a suitable digit which is also taken as the next digit of the quotient, chosen in such a way that the product of the new divisor and this digit is equal to or just less than the new dividend.
Step V: Repeat steps (2), (3) and (4) till all the periods have been taken up. Now, the quotient so obtained is the required square root of the given number.
Examples on square root of a perfect square by using the long division method
1. Find the square root of 784 by the long-division method.
Solution:
Marking periods and using the long-division method,
Therefore, √784 = 28
2. Evaluate √5329 using the long-division method.
Solution: Marking periods and using the long-division method,
Therefore, √5329 =73
If x2 = y, we say that the square root of y is x and we write y = x.
Thus, √4 = 2, √9 = 3, √196 = 14.
Cube root of a is denoted as
Thus, 8 = 2 x 2 x 2 = 2, 343 = 7 x 7 x 7 = 7 etc.
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3. Number ending in 8 can never be a perfect square.
4. Remember the squares and cubes of 2 to 10. This will help in easily solving the problems.
Q.1. Simplify the following expression.
Answer:
Q.2. Simplify the following expression.
Answer:
Q.3. Assume x to be positive. Multiply the eighth power of the fourth root of x by the fourth power of the eighth root of x. What is the product?
Answer:
1. What are square numbers and why are they important for number theory and quantitative aptitude? | ![]() |
2. What is the list of square numbers from 1 to 100? | ![]() |
3. What are the properties of square numbers? | ![]() |
4. What is the square root of a number and how is it related to square numbers? | ![]() |
5. What are some important points to remember about perfect square numbers? | ![]() |
67 videos|50 docs|151 tests
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67 videos|50 docs|151 tests
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