Physical Education Answer Key Set 16 (Q20-Q38) - Class 12 PDF Download

Q.20. Which is called “golden goal”?
 Ans. The goal, which is made in extra time i.e., 15 minute is called “golden goal”.

Q.21. What is golden boot award?
 Ans. The golden boot award is a award which is given to the player who scored maximum goals in the World Cup tournament of football.

Q.22. What is golden ball award?
 Ans. The golden ball award is a award which is given to the best player of the World Cup football.

Q.23. If the match is not decided in extra time what will be the decision?
 Ans. It will be decided by penalty shooting.

Q.24. Name the famous players of India.
 Ans. Indu Puri, Manjeet Dua, V. Chandra Shekhar, Kamlesh Mehta, Manmeet Singh, Arun Basak.

Q.25. How many points are there in a set of the table tennis match?
 Ans. The player, who scores 11 points prior to his opponent, wins the set. If each player has 10 points then that player wins the set, who makes two points consecutively.

Q.26. How many officials are there in a game of table tennis?
 Ans. Referee-1 Umpire-1 Assistant Umpire-1.

Q.27. What are the basic skills of table tennis?
 Ans. 1. gripping, 2. service, 3. push, 4. forehand drive, 5. flat kill shot, 6. drop shot, 7. defence chop.

Q.28. What is the colour of table tennis bat?
 Ans. One surface is red while the other surface is black.

Q.29. How many players are there in a Gymnastic team?
 Ans. A team is consisted of 8 players i.e., six participants and two extra players.

Q.30. How many players can be brought for team championship?
 Ans. 4 players can be brought.

Q.31. For how much time, the officials wait for the arrival of a players, who falls ill spontaneously?
 Ans. For 30 minutes only.

Q.32. When was Gymnastics included in Asian Games?
 Ans. Gymnastics was included in 1974 Asian Games which were held at Teheran.

Q.33. What are the measurements of floor for floor exercises?
 Ans. 12 x 12 metres.

Q.34. Name the Arjuna Awardees of Gymnastics.
 Ans.

Q.35 What should be the Health Care During Disaster?
 Ans. Good health requires certain efforts and can not be purchased. Health is a prime concern for individuals as well as for the community at large. Cleanliness inside and outside the house along with proper sanitation helps in keeping the environment disease free. Knowledge of first aid can be great help in saving a victim’s life in case of an emergency.
Steps Taken for Health Care During Disaster : 1. Regular and free medical examination camps around affected area. 2. People should be given protective devices for their hands, feet and head, to ‘prevent them from injuries and infections. 3. It is necessary to monitor the living sites to avoid.
Respiratory and cardio vascular problems, coughs, colds fever and eye problems. 4. Programme to provide iodised salt and food to maintain good, health. 5. Cautions use of insecticides and pesticides at the affected area to kill mosquitoes and other infections bacterias and virus which spread various diseases. 6. People must be advised to take cooked food and boiled water. To protect them from water born diseases like Jaundice, polio, cholera, typhoid, diarrhoea, dysentery and worm infestations. 7. Provision of safe places like sheds. 8. Provision of alternate, easily available fuel.

Q.36.  Discuss the causes and spread of Diarrhoea.
 Ans. (i) Contaminated Water and Food: By taking polluted water and food bacteria of diarrhoea enter the body of a person and cause diarrhoea. (ii) Malnutrition: Causes weakness among children and they become susceptible to diseases. Their digestive system becomes weak. Whatever they eat they cannot digest and causes diarrhoea. They do not get nutrients and as a result become malnourished. (iii) Unhygienic conditions: Unhygienic conditions causes diarrhoea as microorganism grow in such places.
Children take their toys to their mouth and these organisms entre their mouth and their body. Flies also sit at stuck places and pick up organisms and make others sick by leaving them on milk bottles, nipples, open food and toys etc. It causes diarrhoea in children. (iv) Allergy: Diarrhoea is caused due to allergy also. (v) Worms in the stomach: Some types of worms also cause diarrhoea. If these worms are in the stomach or intestines they cause diarrhoea. (vi) Bacteria and virus in intestines: If due to any reason poisonous bacteria enter the intestine they cause diarrhoea and stomach pain due to the toxins and such bacteria.
Spread: As it is an infectious disease, it spreads by taking used food and water of infected person. Also by taking food or water which is uncovered and is subjected to flies. Unsterilised nipple and toys also cause diarrhoea.

Q.37. What are the effect of cooking on nutrient like protein, carbohydrates, sugar and fats?
 Ans.  Proteins coagulate at temperatures below 100° C. Half boiled egg or single fried egg is easier to digest than hard boiled and double fried eggs. The proteins gelatinise with wet cooking methods. Gelatinised proteins are easily assimilated in the body. Prolonged and fierce cooking methods reduce the digestibility of proteins e.g. roasted meat. Protein shrink in size, become leathery, stringy and are difficult to digest when fierce cooking methods are used.
Starchy foods when subjected to dry and wet cooking methods promote the breakdown of starch cells thus facilitating easy digestion, e.g. boiling of rice and potatoes.
Toasting of bread converts starch into dextrin, a midway product between starch and sugar. Hence a toast is easier to digest than a slice.
Sugar dissolves in water to form syrup used in various preparations. Sugar gets caramelised when subjected to dry heat. It turns honey colour, changes in flavour that is specific to desserts and custards etc.
Fats are often used as cooking medium for foods.
Fats/oils undergo partial decomposition when subjected to strong and prolonged heating. Foods cooked in decomposed fat irritate the digestive tract. You should not use liberal quantity of fat for frying pooris and pakoras. The remaining fat is partially decomposed and the food cooked in it irritate the gastro-intestinal tract.
Thus it is clear that using the same fat for frying again and again is not wise. Hence only a small amount of fat should be used for frying so that you are not left with large quantity of used fat.
Cooking destroys most of Vitamins C and B-group vitamins because they are heat labile. Minerals are lost
when large quantity of water is used for cooking. The losses further increase if this water is discarded.

Q.38.  Discuss the symptoms of Ricket?
 Ans. Vitamin D deficiency can be observed in young children, women in productive years and also among older men. and women. The deficiency disease is called rickets in children. The deficiency leads to osteomalacia and osteoporosis among adults.
Symptoms of Rickets Deficiehcy of Vitamin D leads to impaired deposition of calcium and phosphorus. Certain amount of vitamin C (cementing factor) is also essential for calcification.
Rickets occurs among children from the ages of six months onwards. Children born of mothers having low levels of vitamin D and calcium often have fragile and soft bones. In young infants the closing of fontanelle of skull is delayed. The eruption of teeth among these children is slow and teeth tend to fall off early due to poor vitamin D levels. Sweating and irritability are the early symptoms of rickets. The long bones of legs bend with the body weight.
In case they bend outwards, the condition is called ‘bow legs’. Sometimes the legs bend inwards, so that with each step the knees knock with one another, hence the name “knock knees”. This condition is particularly common among children born of mothers remaining in ‘purdah’ having low dietary intake and repeated pregnancies. It is quite common in India, China and Pakistan. High incidence of rickets is seen in Himachal, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and Punjab as well.Among children the ribs protrude and joints jut out.
The chest resembles the breast of pigeon and hence the name ‘pigeon breast’.The pelvic girdle gets deformed due to deficiency in early age. In girls this causes problems during child birth.Among adults prolonged deficiency state can cause rickets. Osteomalacia is adult rickets. Deficiency of Vitamin D results in osteoporosis (porous bones) among adults. Individual becomes prone to fractures if the bones become porous. Vertebral column may bend and result in defective posture. Women having repeated pregnancies and accompanied by low nutritional status often have defective gait. The individual suffers from aches and pains and muscle weakness. The muscles start twitching due to hyper-irritability of nerves, thereby causing spasms. These can be seen on face, hands and feet. This condition is generally referred to as Tetany.