Table of contents | |
Anatomy of Plants | |
Meristematic Tissues | |
Permanent or Mature Tissues | |
Wood |
Plant anatomy focuses on the internal structure of plants, particularly their tissues. Tissue refers to a group of cells with a common origin and function.
Meristematic tissues or meristems are groups of cells that remain undifferentiated and continue to divide throughout the plant’s life. These cells are typically small, cuboidal, with large nuclei, small vacuoles, and thin walls.
Permanent Tissues result from the differentiation of meristematic tissues and have specific shapes, sizes, and functions. They are classified into three types:
Simple Permanent Tissue: Composed of similar cell types:Special Tissues: Special tissues are also called as secretory tissue. They are involved in secretion of substances. There are two types of special tissue, i.e. glandular and laticiferous (latex secreting tissue).
Increase in the diameter of plant is called secondary growth. Due to differential activity of cambium it results to annular rings in general. Thus, we can say secondary growth in a plant results to the formation of wood.
Wood is made up of xylem. The central, dense, and darker area is called heartwood, while the outer, lighter region is known as sapwood.
Growth Rings: The alternating favorable and unfavorable seasons for plant growth lead to variations in the size of xylem cells produced by the cambium throughout the growing season. These variations create rings with visible differences. When there is one growing season per year, these rings are known as annual rings. Counting the rings can determine the age of the tree. The field of study that analyzes growth rings to understand past events and climatic conditions is called dendrochronology.
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1. What are the two main types of plant tissues? |
2. What is the function of meristematic tissues in plants? |
3. What are the characteristics of permanent or mature tissues in plants? |
4. What is wood and which type of plant tissue does it belong to? |
5. How do meristematic tissues differ from permanent tissues in terms of cell division? |
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