Class 7 Exam > Class 7 Videos > Advance Learner Course: Science Class 7 > Plastics and their Properties
Plastics and their Properties Video Lecture | Advance Learner Course: Science Class 7
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FAQs on Plastics and their Properties Video Lecture - Advance Learner Course: Science Class 7
| 1. What are the different types of plastics and their properties? |  |
Ans. Plastics can be classified into several types based on their chemical structure and properties. Some common types include:
- Polyethylene (PE): It is a lightweight, flexible, and durable plastic. It is resistant to moisture, chemicals, and UV radiation. It is commonly used in packaging materials, bottles, and toys.
- Polypropylene (PP): PP is a tough and heat-resistant plastic. It has good chemical resistance and is often used in automotive parts, medical devices, and food containers.
- Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): PVC is a versatile plastic that can be rigid or flexible. It is resistant to chemicals, weathering, and flame. It is commonly used in pipes, vinyl flooring, and electrical cables.
- Polystyrene (PS): PS is a lightweight plastic with good insulation properties. It can be rigid or foam-like. It is commonly used in packaging materials, disposable cutlery, and insulation.
- Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET): PET is a strong and transparent plastic. It is commonly used in beverage bottles, food containers, and clothing fibers.
| 2. How are the properties of plastics determined? | |
Ans. The properties of plastics are determined by factors such as the chemical composition, molecular structure, and processing techniques. Some key factors influencing plastic properties are:
- Polymer Type: Different polymer types have different properties. For example, polyethylene and polypropylene have different melting points and stiffness.
- Molecular Weight: The molecular weight of a polymer affects its mechanical properties. Higher molecular weight polymers generally have greater strength and toughness.
- Additives: Additives such as plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers can modify the properties of plastics. For example, plasticizers can increase flexibility, while fillers can enhance strength and reduce cost.
- Processing Techniques: The processing techniques used to manufacture plastics can affect their properties. For example, injection molding can result in higher density and strength compared to extrusion.
| 3. What are the advantages of using plastics? | |
Ans. Plastics offer several advantages due to their unique properties:
- Versatility: Plastics can be molded into various shapes and sizes, allowing for a wide range of applications in industries such as packaging, construction, and automotive.
- Lightweight: Plastics are generally lightweight, which can reduce transportation costs and energy consumption.
- Durability: Plastics are often durable and resistant to wear, corrosion, and chemicals, making them suitable for long-lasting applications.
- Cost-Effective: Plastics can be produced at a relatively low cost, making them economically viable for mass production.
- Insulation Properties: Some plastics have good insulation properties, which make them suitable for applications in electrical and electronic industries.
| 4. What are the environmental concerns associated with plastics? | |
Ans. Plastics pose several environmental concerns, including:
- Pollution: Improper disposal of plastics, especially single-use items, can lead to pollution of water bodies and ecosystems. Plastics can take hundreds of years to degrade in the environment.
- Microplastics: Plastics can break down into tiny particles called microplastics, which can enter the food chain and potentially harm marine life and humans.
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The production of plastics involves the use of fossil fuels, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.
- Waste Management: Managing plastic waste is a significant challenge, as recycling rates are often low, and landfilling or incineration can have negative environmental impacts.
- Resource Depletion: Plastics are derived from non-renewable fossil fuels, and their production contributes to resource depletion.
| 5. Are there any alternatives to traditional plastics? | |
Ans. Yes, there are alternatives to traditional plastics that aim to address the environmental concerns. Some alternatives include:
- Biodegradable Plastics: These are plastics that can break down into natural components under specific conditions. They offer potential for reducing plastic pollution but may require specific disposal methods.
- Bio-based Plastics: These are plastics made from renewable resources such as plant-based materials. They can help reduce reliance on fossil fuels but may still have environmental impacts depending on their production and disposal.
- Paper and Cardboard: Paper and cardboard packaging materials are renewable, recyclable, and biodegradable alternatives to plastic packaging.
- Glass and Metal: Glass and metal containers can be used as alternatives to plastic bottles and containers. They are durable, recyclable, and have low environmental impacts.
- Reusable Materials: Promoting the use of reusable materials such as stainless steel water bottles and cloth bags can help reduce the consumption of single-use plastics.
Text Transcript from Video
hello friends this video on synthetic
fibers and plastics part 9 is brought to
you by exam for calm no more fear from
exam so now we are discussed about
synthetic fibers let us quickly talk
about plastics so where do we see
plastics plastics are really associated
with us on everyday basis so you look
around yourself and you will be able to
see and all of things which I made up of
plastics whether you talk about your
bottles you talk about them storing jars
in your kitchen or you talk about a
bucket you talk about a table and talk
about the chair you think of a comb the
plastic bags the polythene wrappers dust
bins pens there are so many things
actually which are made up of plastics
so plastics play a very important role
in our day-to-day life so we are going
to talk about some of the
characteristics of plastics and they are
pros and cons now some of the important
properties of plastics are I mean and
these properties make plastics so
popular to be used in all the everyday
items so you look at anything and you
will see most of the things that made up
of plastics because plastics are very
easily moldable to different shapes so
they are quite flexible so if you look
at your multimeter in your lab so the
outer part or the outer covering is made
up of nothing but plastics you look at
the wires so the outer layering or the
outer covering of the wires they are
also made up of some type of plastics
you look at your wiring the sockets and
all so what is this made up of they are
also made up of some type of plastics so
plastics can actually take shape of any
any desired shape it is reusable so if
you see a plastic which has been used in
one object the same plastic can again be
melted and it can be given a different
shape to be used for something else
because the plastic do not get rusted or
the plastic store get corroded like
metals
so therefore plants
it's durable and they can be reused in
some different form they are lightweight
not very heavy to our conductors of
electricity they do not allow
electricity to pass through them that is
why you see all the coverings of the
electric wires they are all made up of
plastics so that even when we can touch
them safely and there are no risks of
getting electric shock similarly if you
see for the electrical outlets the open
outlets are made safe for children by
putting the electrical safety caps and
these electrical safety caps they are
also made of plastics because plastics
being poor conductor they will not allow
electricity to pass through them and
there will be very very less risk of
getting electric shock some are heat
resistant or some plastics even do not
allow heat to affect them they do not
get deformed in presence of heat now
this is not true for all plastics it is
true only for some plastics so some
examples of plastics for which this is
true is bakelite so bakelite is one such
plastic which is heat-resistant bakelite
melamine so the melamine is also
heat-resistant you would have seen at
the dinner cells and the crockery sets
made up of melamine so even if you heat
a mellow mining vessel they do not get
melted or they do not get deformed in
fact that is why for a lot of utensils
which are used for cooking purpose for
example the fry pans are all there also
you will see their handles are made up
of plastics because so that we can even
when the frypan is put on the oven and
the oven is burning the handle should
not be hot so that we can hold the
handle comfortable so that is why the
handle is often made up of the
heat-resistant type of plastics like
bakelite or melamine so this properties
of plastics make it now to be make it
very popular even inside the kitchen for
making various utensils kay it spoons
forks
then the crockery items
man's handles so everywhere you see
plastics another very important property
is that they do not react with water of
air so plastics are very nonreactive
now they do not have a tendency of
reacting with other chemical substances
to form something some new product so
that tendency is not there and that is
why plastic containers are considered to
be very safe for storing food products
because when you want to store food
product you do not want the coming
chemical composition of the food to get
changed correct so we want the vessel to
who made it off such a kind of a
material which do not react easily with
other chemicals so that is true for
plastic and that is why it is often used
for storage durable they last for a
longer time and the one the reason here
is that low rusting happens in case of
plastics the no corrosion happens in
case of plastics so that is also a very
big advantage because if you think of
anything where I interesting happens for
example iron or copper Nestle and if you
leave them outside for a long time they
are not continuously being exposed to
air now wherever there is a little bit
of question in the air they tend to get
rust over their surface but any risk
like that is not there for plastics they
can form wires and sheets so they are so
flexible that they can not only take
different shapes began they can even
form thin wires or thin sheets so
because of so many properties and so
much of flexibility plastics are very
popular therefore making items of in our
day to day life they can have variety of
colors so even they are available in a
lot of colors so let us now see the
different types of plastics and plastics
also we have many types of plastics with
different properties so broadly the
rippling types of plastics one is
thermoplastics so what are
thermoplastics the world thermo means
heat so these type of plastics
they get d-formed on heating so when you
heat them they either change their shape
they start melting so some some change
or some deformation happens in them so
some of they they also tend to bend
easily so that's one change in shape in
any form so some examples of
thermoplastics most common examples of
thermoplastics are polythene which we
often use as in equality in bags and
another example is PVC that is polyvinyl
chloride and where do we use them
so these polyvinyl chlorides they are
often used in these kind of plastic
tubes and structures so they are used
for making pipes or pipe fittings so
they actually come in rigid form as ends
well as flexible so they are rigid
because of which they are used in making
pipes and all but at the same time they
are quite flexible okay so when you talk
about this polythene bags this is
something which is very commonly used by
all of us so what is polythene can
consist also polythene is nothing but
poly
plus e theme that means multiple units
of ETM so he thing is the more over here
and many eat them together from
polythene
so you see you see so many different
objects made of thermoplastics like comb
ends especially the toys of children
they are all made up of thermoplastics
so if you actually try to heat them they
will show some sort of deformation
however they another set of plastics
called thermosetting plastics so these
plastics they do not get deformed with
heat and that is why more important
things for example the electrical
appliances covering or the utensils so
whichever is exposed to more heat or
electricity they are all made up of
thermosetting plastics so they one small
that they do not be formal heating so
once the molding is done
that plastic is being formed so once it
is formed when it once it has taken a
particular shape after that it doesn't
bend or it doesn't change its shape on
being heated so it is heat as well as
fire resistant so therefore if you use
these kind of plastics for making
cooking utensils so you can easily cook
in them because if you heat those
utensils nothing will happen to the
utensil but if you use a utensil made up
of thermoplastic what will happen as
soon as you put it on the stove as soon
as you heat it the plastic utensil
itself will start deforming it will
itself start melting so that would
become a problem so some examples of
thermosetting plastics are bakelite
melamine so these are examples of
thermosetting plastics so if you look at
melamine it is an organic base which
contains a lot of nitrogen so nitrogen
content is very high in Bella by these
days you would have seen the melamine
dinner sets where you have melamine
plates spoons cups saucers everything so
you can actually heat those vessels
directly because they are heat resistant
again bakelite they are heat resistant
at the same time they are to one
conductor of electricity so that is why
they are often used in the electrical
appliances so that because whenever you
are dealing with electrical appliances
there are chances of electric shock so
you want something which is poor
conductor of electricity so bakelite
help is being used in radio casings or
telephone casings and this bakelite was
developed for the first time by a
Belgian chemist called baekeland and
that is why the name bakelite was given
to it so they can ID is also used for
making kitchenware because in kitchen
men also
it is poor conductor of electricity that
is also good so if you look at these
types of plastics they are very durable
plastic and they in fact if you talk
about melamine as I said it has very
high content of nitrogen so you might
say that okay so if melamine contains so
much of nitrogen and we know that
nitrogen is a macronutrient for plant
plants need nitrogen for their growth so
why can't we extract nitrogen from
melamine and use it as fertilizer well
that is not very good annika because the
process by which nitrogen is released
from melamine that is an extremely slow
process so it is not really economical
to use melamine as a source of nitrogen
to be used as fertilizer thank you
please visit www.payoor.com to watch
more educational videos with a better
experience please do not forget to Like
and subscribe to our YouTube channel for
latest updates thank you once again
fibers and plastics part 9 is brought to
you by exam for calm no more fear from
exam so now we are discussed about
synthetic fibers let us quickly talk
about plastics so where do we see
plastics plastics are really associated
with us on everyday basis so you look
around yourself and you will be able to
see and all of things which I made up of
plastics whether you talk about your
bottles you talk about them storing jars
in your kitchen or you talk about a
bucket you talk about a table and talk
about the chair you think of a comb the
plastic bags the polythene wrappers dust
bins pens there are so many things
actually which are made up of plastics
so plastics play a very important role
in our day-to-day life so we are going
to talk about some of the
characteristics of plastics and they are
pros and cons now some of the important
properties of plastics are I mean and
these properties make plastics so
popular to be used in all the everyday
items so you look at anything and you
will see most of the things that made up
of plastics because plastics are very
easily moldable to different shapes so
they are quite flexible so if you look
at your multimeter in your lab so the
outer part or the outer covering is made
up of nothing but plastics you look at
the wires so the outer layering or the
outer covering of the wires they are
also made up of some type of plastics
you look at your wiring the sockets and
all so what is this made up of they are
also made up of some type of plastics so
plastics can actually take shape of any
any desired shape it is reusable so if
you see a plastic which has been used in
one object the same plastic can again be
melted and it can be given a different
shape to be used for something else
because the plastic do not get rusted or
the plastic store get corroded like
metals
so therefore plants
it's durable and they can be reused in
some different form they are lightweight
not very heavy to our conductors of
electricity they do not allow
electricity to pass through them that is
why you see all the coverings of the
electric wires they are all made up of
plastics so that even when we can touch
them safely and there are no risks of
getting electric shock similarly if you
see for the electrical outlets the open
outlets are made safe for children by
putting the electrical safety caps and
these electrical safety caps they are
also made of plastics because plastics
being poor conductor they will not allow
electricity to pass through them and
there will be very very less risk of
getting electric shock some are heat
resistant or some plastics even do not
allow heat to affect them they do not
get deformed in presence of heat now
this is not true for all plastics it is
true only for some plastics so some
examples of plastics for which this is
true is bakelite so bakelite is one such
plastic which is heat-resistant bakelite
melamine so the melamine is also
heat-resistant you would have seen at
the dinner cells and the crockery sets
made up of melamine so even if you heat
a mellow mining vessel they do not get
melted or they do not get deformed in
fact that is why for a lot of utensils
which are used for cooking purpose for
example the fry pans are all there also
you will see their handles are made up
of plastics because so that we can even
when the frypan is put on the oven and
the oven is burning the handle should
not be hot so that we can hold the
handle comfortable so that is why the
handle is often made up of the
heat-resistant type of plastics like
bakelite or melamine so this properties
of plastics make it now to be make it
very popular even inside the kitchen for
making various utensils kay it spoons
forks
then the crockery items
man's handles so everywhere you see
plastics another very important property
is that they do not react with water of
air so plastics are very nonreactive
now they do not have a tendency of
reacting with other chemical substances
to form something some new product so
that tendency is not there and that is
why plastic containers are considered to
be very safe for storing food products
because when you want to store food
product you do not want the coming
chemical composition of the food to get
changed correct so we want the vessel to
who made it off such a kind of a
material which do not react easily with
other chemicals so that is true for
plastic and that is why it is often used
for storage durable they last for a
longer time and the one the reason here
is that low rusting happens in case of
plastics the no corrosion happens in
case of plastics so that is also a very
big advantage because if you think of
anything where I interesting happens for
example iron or copper Nestle and if you
leave them outside for a long time they
are not continuously being exposed to
air now wherever there is a little bit
of question in the air they tend to get
rust over their surface but any risk
like that is not there for plastics they
can form wires and sheets so they are so
flexible that they can not only take
different shapes began they can even
form thin wires or thin sheets so
because of so many properties and so
much of flexibility plastics are very
popular therefore making items of in our
day to day life they can have variety of
colors so even they are available in a
lot of colors so let us now see the
different types of plastics and plastics
also we have many types of plastics with
different properties so broadly the
rippling types of plastics one is
thermoplastics so what are
thermoplastics the world thermo means
heat so these type of plastics
they get d-formed on heating so when you
heat them they either change their shape
they start melting so some some change
or some deformation happens in them so
some of they they also tend to bend
easily so that's one change in shape in
any form so some examples of
thermoplastics most common examples of
thermoplastics are polythene which we
often use as in equality in bags and
another example is PVC that is polyvinyl
chloride and where do we use them
so these polyvinyl chlorides they are
often used in these kind of plastic
tubes and structures so they are used
for making pipes or pipe fittings so
they actually come in rigid form as ends
well as flexible so they are rigid
because of which they are used in making
pipes and all but at the same time they
are quite flexible okay so when you talk
about this polythene bags this is
something which is very commonly used by
all of us so what is polythene can
consist also polythene is nothing but
poly
plus e theme that means multiple units
of ETM so he thing is the more over here
and many eat them together from
polythene
so you see you see so many different
objects made of thermoplastics like comb
ends especially the toys of children
they are all made up of thermoplastics
so if you actually try to heat them they
will show some sort of deformation
however they another set of plastics
called thermosetting plastics so these
plastics they do not get deformed with
heat and that is why more important
things for example the electrical
appliances covering or the utensils so
whichever is exposed to more heat or
electricity they are all made up of
thermosetting plastics so they one small
that they do not be formal heating so
once the molding is done
that plastic is being formed so once it
is formed when it once it has taken a
particular shape after that it doesn't
bend or it doesn't change its shape on
being heated so it is heat as well as
fire resistant so therefore if you use
these kind of plastics for making
cooking utensils so you can easily cook
in them because if you heat those
utensils nothing will happen to the
utensil but if you use a utensil made up
of thermoplastic what will happen as
soon as you put it on the stove as soon
as you heat it the plastic utensil
itself will start deforming it will
itself start melting so that would
become a problem so some examples of
thermosetting plastics are bakelite
melamine so these are examples of
thermosetting plastics so if you look at
melamine it is an organic base which
contains a lot of nitrogen so nitrogen
content is very high in Bella by these
days you would have seen the melamine
dinner sets where you have melamine
plates spoons cups saucers everything so
you can actually heat those vessels
directly because they are heat resistant
again bakelite they are heat resistant
at the same time they are to one
conductor of electricity so that is why
they are often used in the electrical
appliances so that because whenever you
are dealing with electrical appliances
there are chances of electric shock so
you want something which is poor
conductor of electricity so bakelite
help is being used in radio casings or
telephone casings and this bakelite was
developed for the first time by a
Belgian chemist called baekeland and
that is why the name bakelite was given
to it so they can ID is also used for
making kitchenware because in kitchen
men also
it is poor conductor of electricity that
is also good so if you look at these
types of plastics they are very durable
plastic and they in fact if you talk
about melamine as I said it has very
high content of nitrogen so you might
say that okay so if melamine contains so
much of nitrogen and we know that
nitrogen is a macronutrient for plant
plants need nitrogen for their growth so
why can't we extract nitrogen from
melamine and use it as fertilizer well
that is not very good annika because the
process by which nitrogen is released
from melamine that is an extremely slow
process so it is not really economical
to use melamine as a source of nitrogen
to be used as fertilizer thank you
please visit www.payoor.com to watch
more educational videos with a better
experience please do not forget to Like
and subscribe to our YouTube channel for
latest updates thank you once again
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Nov 21, 2024 Last updated |
Video Description: Plastics and their Properties for Class 7 2024 is part of Advance Learner Course: Science Class 7 preparation.
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