Process of Pollination and Fertilization in Flowering Plants Video Lecture | Class 7 Oxford Science: Chapter Notes, Worksheets & Tests

sexual reproduction in flowering plants
in this video we will understand the
sexual reproduction in flowering plants
the reproductive angiosperms are located
in the flower there are different parts
of a flower which includes sepals petals
stamens and carpels stamens and carpals
are the reproductive parts of the flower
which contain the germ cells the flower
may be unisexual like in the case of the
papaya or watermelon which contain
either stamens or carpals or bisexual as
in the case of hibiscus or mustard which
contain both stamens and carpals the
stamen is the male reproductive part and
it produces pollen grains that are
yellowish in color carpals are present
in the center of the flower and are the
female reproductive part it is made up
of three parts the swollen bottom part
is the ovary middle elongated part is
the style and the terminal part which
may be sticky is the stigma the ovary
contains ovules and each ovule has an
egg cell the male germ cell produced by
the pollen grain fuses with the female
gamete present in the oval this fusion
of germ cells or fertilization gives us
the zygote which is capable of growing
into a new plant so the pollen needs to
be transferred from the stamen to the
stigma if this transfer of pollen occurs
in the same flower it is referred to as
self pollination on the other hand if
the pollen is transferred from one
flower to another it's known as cross
pollination this transfer of pollen from
one flower to another is achieved by
agents like wind water or animals after
the pollen lands unsuitable stigma it
has to reach the female germ cells which
are in the ovary for this a tube grows
out of the pollen grain and travels
through the style to reach the ovary
after fertilization the zygote divides
several times to form an embryo within
the ovule the ovule develops a tough
coat and is gradually converted into a
seed the ovary grows
rapidly and ripens to form a fruit
meanwhile the petals sepals stamens
style and stigma may shrivel and fall
off this is the reason why at times
flower parts still persist within a
fruit the seed contains the future plant
or embryo which develops into a seedling
under appropriate conditions this
process is known as germination