Processes and Operations - Environment Protection Act(1986), Industrial Laws Video Lecture | Industrial Laws - B Com

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hello students welcome to the lecture on
Environment Protection Act and after
this lecture we will be able to learn
the following objectives discuss the
environment explain environmental
pollutant and environmental pollution
discuss National Environment Tribunal at
1995 describe National Environment
appellate authority Act 1997 explained
noise pollution regulation and control
rules 2000 discussed powers of the
central government under the Act discuss
prevention and control of pollution
explaining water pollution describe
restrictions on new outlets and new
discharges discuss air prevention and
control of pollution Act 1981 discuss
power of state government to declare air
pollution control areas
let us start with a brief introduction
to the environment Act the Environment
Protection Act 1986 was constituted on
19 November 1986 to provide for the
protection and improvement of
environment and for matters connected
with environment the Environment
Protection Act 1986 defines environment
to include water air and land and the
interrelationship which exists among and
between water air and land and human
beings are the living creatures plants
microorganism and property let us now
talk about our environment environment
includes water air and land and the
interrelationship which exists among and
between water air inland and human
beings other living creatures plants
microorganisms and property environment
shall mean the space with all living
organism and Natural Resources scope of
environmental science environmental
science is a multidisciplinary science
whose basic aspect have a direct
relevance to every section of the
society its main expects are
Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources conservation of biological
diversity control of environmental
pollution stabilization of human
population and environment social issues
in relation to development and
environment development of non polluting
renewable energy system and providing
new dimension to nation's security
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let us now talk about environment
pollutant environmental pollutant means
any solid liquid or gaseous substance
present in such concentration as may be
or tend to be injurious to environment
very mental pollutant means any solid
liquid or gaseous substances present in
such concentration as may be or tend to
be injurious to environment and human
being hazardous substance means any
substance or preparation which by reason
of its chemical or physio chemical
properties is liable to cause harm to
human beings or other living creatures
handling in relation to any substance
it means the manufacturing processing
treatment packaging storage
transportation use collection
destruction conversion offering for sale
etc environmental pollution can be
defined as the unfavorable alterations
of our surroundings environmental
pollution is the biggest madness to the
human race on this planet today it means
adding impurity to environment the
environment consists of earth water air
plants and animals if we believe them
then the existence of man and nature
will be hampered different types of
environmental pollution there are the
different types of environmental
pollution water pollution land pollution
air pollution radioactive pollution
thermal pollution noise pollution
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let's now discuss the National
Environment Tribunal I'd 1995 the
National Environment tribunal I'd 1995
provides for strict liability for
damages arising out of any accident
occurring while handling any hazardous
substance and for the establishment of a
National Environment Tribunal for
effective and expeditious disposal of
cases arising from such accident with a
view to giving relief and compensation
for damages to persons property and
environment and for connected or
incidental to matters and add to provide
for strict liability for damage arising
out of any accident or handling any
hazardous substance and for the
establishment of a national
environmental tribunal for effective and
expeditious disposal of cases arising
from such accidents with a view to
giving relief and compensation for
damages to persons property and
environment for matters connect their
wit now let us discuss the National
Environment appellate authority act 1995
this act provides for the establishment
of a natural environment appellate
authority to hear appeals respected
restriction of areas in which industries
operations are process or class of
industries operation and process it
shall be carried out subject to certain
safeguards under the Environment
Protection Act 1986 function of the
National Environment applet Authority AG
n eá the preamble of the NDAA Act 1997
states as follows and acts to provide
for the establishment of a National
Environment applet authority to hear
appeals with respect to restriction of
areas in which any industry's operations
or processes or class of industries
operations or processors shall not be
carried out or shall be carried out
subject to certain safeguards under
Environment Protection
86 for matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto the scheme of the NEA
Act the statutory scheme of the NDAA
Act indicates that the NEA is intended
to be independent authority proceeded
over by senior functionary of the
judiciary with substantial judicial
experience chairperson is supported by
members with experience in technical
matters let us now discuss the noise
pollution rules mm nice generated for
machineries industries vehicles power
station loudspeakers and other
activities not only cause health hazard
to human beings but also cause stress
central government made the noise
pollution regulation and control rules
2004 the regulation and control of noise
producing and generating sources short
idle and commencement these rules may be
called the noise pollution regulation
and control rules mm they shall come
into force on the date of their
publication in the Official Gazette
definition in these rules unless the
context of noise requires Act means the
Environment Protection Act 1986 29th of
1986 area or zone means all areas which
fall in either of the four categories
given in the schedule and next to these
rules authority means and includes any
authority or officer authorized by the
central government code means a
government body consisting of one or
more judges who said to adduce deceit
disputes Allen mr. justice includes any
court of law presided over a judge or
judges or a magistrate and acting as a
tribunal in civil taxation and criminal
case educational institution means a
school seminary College university
professional academies training
institutes or other educational
establishment not necessarily a
chartered institution and includes not
only buildings but also all grants
necessary for the accomplishment of the
full scope of education
including those thing essential to
mental moral and physical development
hospital means an institution for the
reception and care for sick wounded
infirm or aged person and includes
government or private hospital nursing
homes and clinics persons shall include
any company or Association or body of
individuals with incorporated or not
saved government in relation to a Union
Territory means administrator thereof
appointed under Article 239 of the
Constitution public place means any
place to which the public have access
whether as of right or not nighttime
means a period between 10:00 p.m. and
6:00 a.m.
ambient air quality standard in respect
of noise for different areas or zones
responsibilities as to enforcement of
noise pollution control measures
restrictions on the use of loudspeakers
or Public Address systems and sound
producing instruments restrictions on
the use of horns sound emitting
construction equipments and bursting of
firecrackers consequences of any
violation in silence zone or area
complains to be made to the authority
power to prohibit etc continuance on
music sound or noise
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let us discuss powers of the central
government under the Act the central
government has the power to take all
such measures as a deems necessary for
the purpose of protecting and improving
the quality of environment and
preventing controlling and abating
environmental pollution let us now talk
about the prevention and control of
pollution the enhanced pace of
developmental activities and rapid
urbanization have resulted in stress and
natural resources and quality of life
the trend of increasing pollution in
various environmental media is evident
from the deteriorating air and water
quality high noise levels increasing
vehicular emission etc major activities
carried out under several programs or
schemes during the year are as follows
industrial pollution abatement through
preventive strategies this scheme is an
amalgamation of the tree ongoing schemes
namely environmental audit adoption of
clean technologies in small-scale
industries environmental statistic and
mapping which have been continuing since
eight five-year plan environmental
statement as a part of environmental
audit environmental audit is a
management tool and provides the
structure and comprehensive mechanism
for ensuring that the activities and
products of an enterprise do not cause
unacceptable effects on the environment
waste minimization or cleaner production
waste minimization is one of the
strategies adopted for minimizing the
industrial pollution the objective of
the scheme is to assets the small and
medium scale industrial adoption of
cleaner production practices
environmental statistic and mapping for
sound environmental management reliable
information base and the mapping of
areas needing special attention for
pollution prevention and control are a
prerequisite as a step in the direction
projects and pilot studies have been
initiated through various researchers in
solutions an organization under this
program follow studies have been
initiated and our in various stages of
completion gis-based
hydrological modeling for water quality
and quantity in Kaveri River Basin by
IIT Delhi geochemical baseline mapping
for Environmental Management by national
geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad
let us now discuss water pollution what
is the unique substance because it can
naturally renew and cleanse itself by
allowing pollutants to settle our to the
process of sedimentation or breakdown or
by diluting the pollutants to a point
where they are not in harmful
concentration what is pollution
pollution can be defined in several ways
what the pollution occurs when energy
and other materials are released
degrading the quality of the water for
other users where is all of this
pollution coming from there are two main
sources of water pollution point sources
and non-point sources point sources
include factories wastewater treatment
facilities septic system and other
sources that are clearly discharging
pollutants into water sources non-point
sources are more difficult to identify
because they cannot be traced back to a
particular location non-point sources
include and run off including sediment
fertilizer chemicals and animal waste
from farms fields construction sites and
mines
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control water pollution surface water
pollution control water pollution refers
to the qualitative state of impurity or
uncleanness in hydrologic waters of a
certain region such as a watershed
hydrologic waters as a reference for
water quality distilled water h2o
represent the highest state of purity
what is in the hydrologic cycle may be
viewed as natural but are not pure they
become polluted from both natural and
human activities watershed sources of
water pollution a watershed is defined
as an area of the Earth's surface on
which hydrologic waters fall accumulate
are use disposed of and eventually are
discharged into streams rivers or other
bodies of water water pollutants in
streams and rivers
when Delhi Terriers waste materials from
the sources are discharged into streams
or other bodies of water they become
politics which have been classified and
described politics are contaminants
which enter a body of water can be
further divided into degradable non
conservative politics non degradable
conservative politics azari's waterborne
politics radio nuclide politics subject
to the provisions of this section no
person shall without the previous
consent of the State Board establish or
take any steps to establish any industry
operation or process or any treatment
and disposal system or an extension or
addition thereto which is likely to
discharge the wage or trade effluent
into a stream or well or seewer or on
land such discharge being hereafter in
this section referred to as discharge of
sewage bring into use any new or altered
outlets for the discharge of sewage
begin to make any new discharge of
sewage board and other agencies in
certain cases board is having 17 members
to carry out the set purposes and the
functions of the board to plan a
comprehensive programme for the
prevention control or abatement of
pollution of streams and wells to advise
the state government on
any matters concerning the prevention
control or abatement of water pollution
to collect and disseminate information
relating to the water pollution and
prevention control or abatement thereof
the anchorage conduct and participate in
investigation and research relating to
problems of water pollution prevention
control or abatement of water pollution
to inspect sewage or trade effluents
works and plans for the treatment of
sewage and trade effluent and to review
plans lay down modify or annual effluent
standards for the civic and trade
effluent and for the quantity of
receiving water not being water in an
interstate stream resulting from the
discharge of effluent and to classify
waters industry to evolve economical and
reliable methods of treatment of sewage
and create influence having regard to
the peculiar condition of soils climates
and water resources of different region
and more especially the prevailing flow
characteristic of water in streams and
wells which render it impossible to
attain even the minimum degree of
dilution and other such functions the
water prevention and control of
pollution at 1974 the Water Act is
enacted with the objective of preventive
and controller pollution in India act
aims at the maintaining or restoring the
wholesome nature of water for the
establishment of boards and to vest them
with such power so as to enable them to
carry out the purposes of the Act
register to be maintained under Section
work assignment and personal register
the laboratory in charge should maintain
a bar register for assignment of work
this register widdling the lab sample
number to the analysts who make specific
uses such as ph ec b OD etc let us now
discuss the air prevention and control
of Pollution Act 1981 and AD to provide
for the prevention control and abatement
of air pollution for the establishment
with a view to carrying out the
aforesaid purposes of board for
conferring on and assigning to such
voids powers and functions relating
thereto and for matters connected
therewith air prevention and control of
pollution
was enacted by the Parliament in 1981
with an objective to prevent control and
abatement of air pollution objectives of
the air prevention and control of
pollutions at 1981 the objective of this
ad is to provide for the prevention
control and abatement of air pollution
for the establishment with a view to
carrying out the aforesaid purposes of
boards for conferring on and assigning
to such boat spars and functions
relating thereto and for matters
connected therewith
central Pollution Control Board the
central Pollution Control Board CPCB
statutory organization was constituted
in September 1974 under the water
prevention and control of Pollution Act
1974 further CPCB was entrusted with the
pars and functions under the air
prevention and control of Pollution Act
1981 functions of the central board at
the national level advised the central
government on any matter concerning
prevention and control of water and air
pollution and improvement of the quality
of air functions of the central board as
state boards for the Union Territories
advised the governments of union
territories with respect to the
suitability of any premises or location
for carrying on any industry which is
likely to pollute a stream or well or
cause air pollutions the state
government made after consultation with
the State Board by notifications in the
Official Gazette declare in such manner
as may be prescribed any area or areas
within the state as air pollution
controlled area or areas for the purpose
of this act the state government may
after consultation with a state board by
the notification in the Official Gazette
alter any air pollution control area
whether by way of extension or reduction
declare a new air pollution control area
in which may be merge one or more
existing air pollution control areas or
any part or parts thereof State air
laboratory the state government made by
notification in the official gasset
established one or more state air
laboratories or specify one or more
laboratories
or Institute as state and border
tourists carry out the function
entrusted to state a laboratory under
this act state government may after
consultation with the State Board make
rules prescribing function of the state
a laboratory the procedure for the
submission to the set laboratory are
samples of air or emissions for analysis
or test form of the laboratories report
thereon and the fees payable in respect
of such report such other matters as may
be necessary or expedient to enable the
laboratory to carry out its functions
functions of the state a laboratory and
fee for report the state air laboratory
established by the central government
for a union territory shall cause to be
analyzed by the government analyst any
sample of air or emission received by it
from any officer authorized by the board
for the purpose and shall be entitled to
collect a fee for INR 200 for each of
the report now in the end let us
summarize what we have learned in this
lecture environment includes water air
and land and the interrelationship which
exists among and between water air and
land and human beings other living
creatures plants microorganism and
property environmental pollutants means
any solid liquid or gaseous substance
present in such concentration as may be
or tend to be injurious to environment
soil pollution also known as land
pollution is defined as the
contamination of soil air pollution is
caused by discharge of harmful
substances in the air one of the key
contributing factors is automotive
pollution thermal pollution is a
discharge of waste heat via energy
dissipation into cooling water and
subsequently into nearby waterways noise
generated from machineries industries
vehicles power station loudspeakers and
other activities not only cause health
hazard to human beings but also cause
stress state government way after
consultation with the State Board by
notification in the Official Gazette
a member of the board other than the
member secretary shall be deemed to have
vacated his seat if he is absent without
reason any member other than member
secretary shall hold office for a term
of three years from the date of this
nomination water Ike is enacted with
objective of prevention and control of
pollution in India
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