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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Video Lecture | Science for Grade 6

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FAQs on Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Video Lecture - Science for Grade 6

1. What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Ans. Prokaryotic cells are simple cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are complex cells that possess a nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller in size, have a circular DNA molecule, and reproduce through binary fission. On the other hand, eukaryotic cells are larger, have linear DNA molecules, and reproduce through mitosis or meiosis.
2. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of their genetic material?
Ans. Prokaryotic cells have a single, circular DNA molecule located in the cytoplasm, known as a nucleoid region. In contrast, eukaryotic cells have multiple, linear DNA molecules organized into chromosomes found within the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells also have additional genetic material in the form of mitochondrial DNA and, in some cases, chloroplast DNA (in plants).
3. What are some examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?
Ans. Examples of prokaryotic organisms include bacteria and archaea. Bacteria can be found in various environments, such as soil, water, and the human body. Archaea are often found in extreme environments like hot springs or deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Examples of eukaryotic organisms are plants, animals, fungi, and protists. These organisms can be found in diverse habitats worldwide.
4. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of their organelles?
Ans. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess various membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotes have ribosomes for protein synthesis, a cell membrane, a cell wall (in some cases), and sometimes flagella for movement. Eukaryotes have a nucleus, mitochondria for energy production, endoplasmic reticulum for protein synthesis and lipid metabolism, Golgi apparatus for packaging and modifying proteins, lysosomes for digestion, and many other organelles specific to their functions.
5. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of their size?
Ans. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller in size compared to eukaryotic cells. The average size of prokaryotic cells ranges from 1-10 micrometers, while eukaryotic cells can be 10-100 micrometers or even larger. However, it's important to note that there are exceptions, such as certain giant bacteria and single-celled eukaryotes called protists, which can be larger than some prokaryotes.
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