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Most abundant element of the universe, which was first prepared by Cavendish by the action of acids on
certain metals. Its name hydrogen was proposed by Lavoisier because it produces water when burnt in
oxygen. Hydrogen is the lightest element which is found in nature both in free state and in combined state.
Position of hydrogen in the Periodic Table
The electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1s
1
, due to which it shows resemblance with alkali metals as well
as halogens.
Resemblance with Alkali Metals
1. Its electronic configuration is similar to alkali metals.
2. It is a good reducing agent like alkali metals.
3. It can lose one electron to form H
+
 ion like alkali metals.
4. It shows +1 oxidation state like alkali metals when bonded to non-metals.
Resemblance with Halogens
1. It is a non-metal.
2. It forms diatomic molecule.
3. It is gas like F
2
 and Cl
2
.
4. It can gain one electron to form H
–
 ion.
5. It is electronegative in nature.
6. Its ionisation energy is high like halogens.
7. It is liberated at anode when NaH is electrolysed.
8. It shows –1 oxidation state when bonded to metal.
9. It forms many covalent compounds like halogens.
On the basis of its marked resemblance with alkali metals and halogens, it is very difficult to place it either
with the elements of group-1 or those of group-17.
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FAQs on Quick Revision: Hydrogen - Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

1. What is hydrogen and why is it important?
Ans. Hydrogen is a chemical element that is the lightest and most abundant in the universe. It is important because it has various applications, such as being used as a fuel source, a raw material for industrial processes, and a potential solution for reducing carbon emissions in the transportation sector.
2. How is hydrogen produced?
Ans. Hydrogen can be produced through various methods, including steam methane reforming, electrolysis, and coal gasification. Steam methane reforming is the most common method, where natural gas reacts with steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
3. Is hydrogen a clean fuel?
Ans. Hydrogen itself is a clean fuel as it produces only water vapor when it is burned or used in a fuel cell. However, the production of hydrogen can involve carbon emissions if fossil fuels are used as a feedstock. To ensure its full environmental benefits, hydrogen needs to be produced using renewable energy sources.
4. What are the challenges in using hydrogen as a fuel?
Ans. There are several challenges in using hydrogen as a fuel. One challenge is its production, as it currently relies heavily on fossil fuels. Another challenge is its storage and transportation, as hydrogen has low energy density and can be difficult to handle. Additionally, building a hydrogen infrastructure and integrating it into existing energy systems pose challenges.
5. What are the potential benefits of hydrogen in the transportation sector?
Ans. Hydrogen has the potential to decarbonize the transportation sector by serving as a clean fuel for vehicles. It can be used in fuel cell electric vehicles, where hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce electricity, emitting only water vapor. Hydrogen-powered vehicles offer fast refueling times and long driving ranges, making them suitable for various applications.
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