RC: Health and Medicine - 4 | Verbal Ability (VA) & Reading Comprehension (RC) - CAT PDF Download

Passage

Direction: The passage below is accompanied by a set of questions. Choose the best answer to each question.
In Japan, multiphasic health checkups are mandated by law and are conducted annually in community and worksite settings. Each examinee receives a report detailing their health checkup results. Despite Japan's highly educated populace, not all individuals possess adequate health literacy (HL), which is essential for understanding these reports filled with technical jargon and professional commentary.
The study in question aimed to determine the reading comprehension of health checkup reports in the context of HL among Japanese people. A web-based survey was conducted among 424 Japanese adults aged 35–59 years. Participants were asked to read specifically designed health checkup reports and then answer a series of questions to examine whether they accomplished the fundamental purposes of health checkup reports: recognition of the problems, recognition of the risk of illness, recognition of the need for preventive action, and motivation for preventive action.
HL was simultaneously measured using three instruments: the 14-item health literacy scale (HLS-14), the 11-item Lipkus scale (Lipkus-J), and the Newest Vital Sign (NVS-J). The study found that about 70% of the subjects misread the normal/abnormal classification for at least one item. Those with lower HLS-14 scores were significantly less likely to recognize the problems, the risk of illness, and the need for preventive action, and also less likely to express their willingness to take preventive action in compliance with the doctor’s advice after having received the health checkup report. The Lipkus-J and NVS-J scores showed hardly any association with the reading comprehension of health checkup reports.
The study concluded that not all examinees have an adequate level of HL, which may be the major determinant of reading comprehension of health checkup reports. For more effective health checkups, health promotion service providers should become aware of the existence of examinees with inadequate HL and address the problem of misreading health checkup results.
Q1: What was the primary objective of the study mentioned in the passage?
(a) To evaluate the effectiveness of health checkups in Japan
(b) To determine the reading comprehension of health checkup reports in the context of health literacy
(c) To compare different health literacy measurement instruments
(d) To assess the general health condition of Japanese adults 

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Q2: Which of the following instruments showed a significant association with the reading comprehension of health checkup reports?
(a) HLS-14
(b) Lipkus-J
(c) NVS-J
(d) Both B and C

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Q3: What percentage of the study subjects misread the normal/abnormal classification for at least one item?
(a) 30%
(b) 50%
(c) 70%
(d) 90%

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Q4: Based on the study's findings, which of the following statements is true?
(a) Most examinees had an adequate level of health literacy.
(b) Health literacy is not a significant factor in the reading comprehension of health checkup reports.
(c) The Lipkus-J and NVS-J scores were strongly associated with the reading comprehension of health checkup reports.
(d) Examinees with lower HLS-14 scores were less likely to recognize problems and the need for preventive action.

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