Removal / Addition of inert gas at equilibrium
At constant volume:
Addition / removal of inert gas have no effect at equilibrium at constant volume.
At constant pressure:
If inert gas is added then to maintain the pressure constant, volume is increase.
Hence equilibrium will shift in the direction in which larger no. of moles of gas is formed.
(i) Δng> 0
Reaction will shift in forward direction.
(ii) Δng< 0
Reaction will shift in backward direction.
(iii) Δng = 0, No effect
Simultaneous Equilibrium
Series Equilibrium:
When product of Initial reaction acts as reactants in further reactions.
A(S) B(g) + C(g)
Pi–P Pi Kp1 = Pi(Pi – P)
B(g) D(g) + E(g)
Pi – P P P Kp2 =
Parallel Equilibrium:
A(S) B(g) + C(g)
P1+P2 P1 = (P1 + P2) P1
X(S) B(g) + D(g)
P1+P2 P2 = P2(P1 + P2)
When two different reactions gives the same products, called parallel equilibrium.
Example: NH4I(s) NH3(g) + HI(g) KP1 = 16
2 HI(g) H2(g) + I2 (g)
Pressure of Hydrogen at equilibrium is 1 atm. Calculate the value of KP2.
Solution: NH4I(s) NH3(g) + HI(g)
Pi – 2 Pi
2HI(g) H2(g) + I2(g)
Pi – 2 1 1
Kp1 = (Pi – 2) (Pi)
Pi = 5.12
KP2 = = 0.103
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1. What is the role of inert gas in a chemical equilibrium? |
2. Can the addition of an inert gas shift the equilibrium position of a reaction? |
3. How does the removal of an inert gas affect the equilibrium of a reaction? |
4. Can the addition of an inert gas affect the rate of a chemical reaction at equilibrium? |
5. Are there any situations where the addition or removal of an inert gas can affect the equilibrium of a reaction? |
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