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The Three Orders Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET PDF Download

Socio - economic and Political changes which occurred in western Europe between the 9th and 16th Centuries. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Many groups of Germanic People occupied regions of Italy, Spain and France.
The three orders are three social categories : Christian priests, landowning nobles and peasants.
The term 'feudalism' has been used by historians to describe the economic, legal, polital and social relationships that existed in Europe in the medieval era.

The Three Orders Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET
The Three Orders Revision Notes | NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET

Cathedral - Towns:

From the twelfth century, large churches - called cathedrals - were being built in France. These belonged to the monasteries Cathedrals were built of stone. The area around the cathedrals became more populated and they became centres of pilgrimage. Small towns developed around them. Stained glass was used for windows of the Cathedrals. During the day the sunlight would make the radiant and after Sunset, the light of candles would make them visible to people outside. The stained glass narrated the stories in the Bible through Pictures.

The Crisis of the Fourteenth Century

In Europe economic expansion slowed down. This was due to three factors.
1. In Northern Europe, by the end of the thirteenth century the warm summers of the previous 300 years had given way to bitterly cold summers. Seasons for growing crops were reduced by a month.
2. Trade was hit by a severe shortage of metal money because of a shortfall in the output of silver mines in Austria and Serbia. This forced governments to reduce the silver content of the currency and to mix it with cheaper metals.
3. Ships carrying goods from distant countries had started arriving in European ports. The ships came with rats carrying deadly bubonic plague infection (the Black Death).

Political Changes:

In the 15th and 16th Centuries, European kings strengthened their military and financial power. The newmonarchs, LouisXI in France, Maximilian in Austria, Henry VII in England and Isabelle and Ferdinand in spain were absolutist rulers.

Sources:
Hever Castle in England, Salisbury Cathedral in England, Nemours Castle in France, Canterbury Tales written by Chaucer.

Question for Revision Notes - The Three Orders
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What were the three social categories in medieval Europe?
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Key Words

Feudalism:

Derived from the German word 'feud', which means a piece of Land', it refers to the kind of society that developed in medieval France and later in England and Italy.

Abbey:

It is derived from the Syrica abba, meaning father. An abbey was governed by an abbot or an abess.

Doon de Mayence:

Athirteenth century French poem to be sung recounting the adventures of Knights.

Monastery:

The word 'monastery' is derived from the greek word 'monos', meaning someone who lives alone

The Black Death:

Ships with rats carrying the deadly bubonic plague infection in Western Europe between 1347 and 1350.

Fourth Order:

The bigger towns had populations of about 30,000. They could be said to have formed a 'fourth'order.

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FAQs on The Three Orders Revision Notes - NCERT Textbooks (Class 6 to Class 12) - CTET & State TET

1. What are the three orders in medieval society?
Ans. The three orders in medieval society were the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. The clergy consisted of religious leaders, the nobility consisted of aristocrats, and the commoners consisted of peasants, merchants, and artisans.
2. How did the three orders interact with each other?
Ans. The three orders interacted with each other in various ways. The clergy provided spiritual guidance to both the nobility and commoners, while the nobility provided military protection and leadership. The commoners provided labor and goods, which were necessary for the functioning of society. However, there were also conflicts and tensions between the orders, especially between the nobility and commoners.
3. What was the role of the clergy in medieval society?
Ans. The clergy played an important role in medieval society as they were responsible for providing religious guidance and performing religious ceremonies. They also held significant political power and were often involved in the affairs of the state. In addition, many members of the clergy were scholars and educators, contributing to the advancement of knowledge and learning.
4. How did the three orders contribute to the economy of medieval society?
Ans. The three orders contributed to the economy of medieval society in different ways. The nobility owned and controlled land and resources, which were used for agriculture and other industries. The commoners provided labor and goods, which were necessary for the functioning of society. The clergy also owned land and other resources, which provided them with income and allowed them to support charitable causes.
5. What were the social and economic implications of the three orders in medieval society?
Ans. The three orders had significant social and economic implications in medieval society. The nobility held political and economic power, while the commoners had little political influence and were often exploited by the nobility. The clergy also held significant power and wealth, which contributed to the corruption and abuses of the church. However, the three orders also worked together to maintain social stability and to provide for the needs of society.
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