Short Notes - Cyclones, Disaster Management, Class 8 PDF Download

Facts that Matter

• A cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure. It occurs as a swirling atmospheric disturbance, accompanied by powerful cyclonic winds blowing in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in an anti-clock wise direction in the Southern hemisphere.
• The winds travel usually at speeds of over 300 km/h. They are accompanied by heavy rains and enormous waves. The centre of the cyclone is called the eye of the cyclone. Cyclones have diameters of several hundred kilometres.
• The torrential rains accompanying the cyclones cause flooding in coastal areas. The gales and strong winds uproot trees, destroy telephone lines and electricity poles, thus disturbing the whole civic life.
• Cyclones usually occur in the region between 5–20 degrees latitude (both North and South of the equator).
• The entire eastern coast of India is vulnerable to cyclones. These cyclones originate in the Bay of Bengal.
• Deforestation and encroachments in coastal areas make them more vulnerable to cyclones. Forests help as a shield against the cyclonic winds.
• The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) is responsible for forecasting cyclones and warning people against them.
• During seasons when cyclones are possible, people in coastal areas should always be alert. They should update themselves about approaching waves through TV and radio. Fishermen should avoid going to the sea after warning has been issued. Safe shelters should be identified so that people are ready to evacuate any time. An easily accessible emergency kit is advisable. Adequate food grains should be stored in safe places so that they come of use in times of cyclones.
• After a warning has been issued, doors and windows should be closed securely. Food items should be kept in secure waterproof bags. Warm clothing should be worn. TV and radio should be constantly used for further information.
• After the cyclone, one should wait for official advisories before moving out. Electric appliances should not be used in wet condition. 

Words that Matter

• Cyclones. A cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure; it occurs as a swirling atmospheric disturbance.
• Eye of the Cyclone. The centre of cyclonic winds is called the eye of the cyclone.
• Torrential Rains. Heavy rains caused by cyclonic winds that do not seem to stop are called torrential rains.