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Socialism in Europe & Russian Revolution: 2 Video Lecture - Class 9

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FAQs on Socialism in Europe & Russian Revolution: 2 Video Lecture - Class 9

1. What is socialism and how is it practiced in Europe?
Ans. Socialism is an economic and political system in which the means of production, distribution, and exchange are owned and controlled by the community as a whole. In Europe, socialism is practiced in various ways, with some countries adopting more socialist policies than others. For example, countries like Sweden and Denmark have a strong welfare state and provide extensive social benefits, while countries like Germany and France have a mixed economy with a combination of capitalist and socialist elements.
2. How did the Russian Revolution impact Europe?
Ans. The Russian Revolution, which took place in 1917, had a significant impact on Europe. It led to the establishment of the Soviet Union, the world's first socialist state. The revolution inspired socialist and communist movements across Europe, particularly in countries such as Germany and Hungary. It also heightened tensions between capitalist and socialist ideologies, leading to the emergence of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the Western powers.
3. What were the causes of the Russian Revolution?
Ans. The Russian Revolution was mainly caused by a combination of socio-economic factors and political discontent. The harsh conditions faced by the working class, including low wages, long working hours, and poor living conditions, created a sense of frustration and anger. The autocratic rule of the Tsar, Nicholas II, and his failure to address these issues further fueled the discontent. Additionally, Russia's involvement in World War I and the subsequent military failures added to the growing unrest and contributed to the revolution.
4. How did socialism gain popularity in Europe?
Ans. Socialism gained popularity in Europe due to several factors. The Industrial Revolution led to the exploitation of workers and the emergence of harsh working conditions, creating a fertile ground for socialist ideas. The writings of influential thinkers like Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels also played a significant role in spreading socialist ideology. Furthermore, the rise of labor movements and trade unions provided a platform for workers to demand better rights and working conditions, further promoting socialist ideals.
5. What were the main goals of the Russian Revolution?
Ans. The main goals of the Russian Revolution were to overthrow the autocratic rule of the Tsar, establish a socialist state, and create a society based on equality and worker control of the means of production. The revolution aimed to address the socio-economic inequalities and improve the living conditions of the working class. Additionally, the revolution sought to end Russia's involvement in World War I and establish a new political order based on the principles of socialism and communism.
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