Water
Water is the most abundant and widely distributed on the earth. It occurs in all the three physical states. H2O is a covalent molecule in which oxygen is sp3 hybridised. It has bent structure.
Physical Properties of Water:
Chemical Properties of Water:
1. Water is amphoteric in nature.
2. In redox reactions, water reacts with metals and non- metals both.
3. In hydrated salts, water may remain in five types such as coordinated water, hydrogen bonded water, lattice water, clathrate water and zeolite water.
4. A number of compounds such as calcium hydride, calcium phosphide, etc., undergo hydrolysis with water.
Purification of Water:
It involves two processes:
Suspended particles are removed by coagulation with alum followed by filtration.
Exposure to sunlight, boiling, chlorination (treatment with liquid Cl2 or bleaching powder), ozonization and addition of CuSO4 are some processes which are employed to destroy bacteria.