Textbook: Bar Graphs | Mathematics Class 6 (Maharashtra Board) PDF Download

 Page 1


35
6
Bar Graphs
 Observe the picture alongside.
(1) To which sport is this data related?
(2) How many things does the picture
tell us about?
(3) What shape has been used in the
picture to represent runs?
 
We have seen how to make pictograms for given numerical data. When the scale is 
given, numerical information can be obtained by counting the pictures.
 
Example : A pictogram of the types and numbers of vehicles in a town is given below. 
Taking 1 picture = 5 vehicles, write their number in the pictogram.
 
Type of 
vehicle               
Vehicles Number
Bicycle
Motor- cycle
Auto- rickshaw
Bullock
cart
 
It can take a long time to draw pictures. Could we give the same data without using 
pictures?
 
Runs
Overs
India
Sri Lanka
Let’s recall.
Page 2


35
6
Bar Graphs
 Observe the picture alongside.
(1) To which sport is this data related?
(2) How many things does the picture
tell us about?
(3) What shape has been used in the
picture to represent runs?
 
We have seen how to make pictograms for given numerical data. When the scale is 
given, numerical information can be obtained by counting the pictures.
 
Example : A pictogram of the types and numbers of vehicles in a town is given below. 
Taking 1 picture = 5 vehicles, write their number in the pictogram.
 
Type of 
vehicle               
Vehicles Number
Bicycle
Motor- cycle
Auto- rickshaw
Bullock
cart
 
It can take a long time to draw pictures. Could we give the same data without using 
pictures?
 
Runs
Overs
India
Sri Lanka
Let’s recall.
36
    Graph Paper
 Observe the graph paper shown here. 
There are some bold and some faint lines on 
it. The bold lines show a certain big unit. 
This unit is divided into smaller units which 
are shown by the faint lines. The grid formed 
by these lines makes it easy to select a 
suitable scale and draw columns of the 
proper height. 
 Near the lower edge of the paper, a 
horizontal line is drawn as a base. It is called 
the X- axis. A  line  perpendicular  to  the        
 X- axis is drawn on the left side of the paper. 
  That is called the Y- axis.
 The items about which the 
graph is to be drawn are taken 
on the X- axis at equal distances 
from each other. The number 
related to each item is shown 
above it by a vertical column. 
This column is parallel to the 
Y- axis and of the proper height 
according to the chosen scale. 
Now, let us convert the  
pictogram shown on page 35 
into a bar graph. 
 In the graph, we have to 
show certain vehicles and their 
number, which are 5, 15, 25 
and 30. Let us take a scale of 5 
vehicles = 1 big unit. 
 You can see the finished graph in the figure above.
O
X
Y
Let’s learn.
Names of vehicles
Bicycle Motor cycle
Rickshaw X
Y
Number of vehicles
O
Bullock cart
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 vehicles
Page 3


35
6
Bar Graphs
 Observe the picture alongside.
(1) To which sport is this data related?
(2) How many things does the picture
tell us about?
(3) What shape has been used in the
picture to represent runs?
 
We have seen how to make pictograms for given numerical data. When the scale is 
given, numerical information can be obtained by counting the pictures.
 
Example : A pictogram of the types and numbers of vehicles in a town is given below. 
Taking 1 picture = 5 vehicles, write their number in the pictogram.
 
Type of 
vehicle               
Vehicles Number
Bicycle
Motor- cycle
Auto- rickshaw
Bullock
cart
 
It can take a long time to draw pictures. Could we give the same data without using 
pictures?
 
Runs
Overs
India
Sri Lanka
Let’s recall.
36
    Graph Paper
 Observe the graph paper shown here. 
There are some bold and some faint lines on 
it. The bold lines show a certain big unit. 
This unit is divided into smaller units which 
are shown by the faint lines. The grid formed 
by these lines makes it easy to select a 
suitable scale and draw columns of the 
proper height. 
 Near the lower edge of the paper, a 
horizontal line is drawn as a base. It is called 
the X- axis. A  line  perpendicular  to  the        
 X- axis is drawn on the left side of the paper. 
  That is called the Y- axis.
 The items about which the 
graph is to be drawn are taken 
on the X- axis at equal distances 
from each other. The number 
related to each item is shown 
above it by a vertical column. 
This column is parallel to the 
Y- axis and of the proper height 
according to the chosen scale. 
Now, let us convert the  
pictogram shown on page 35 
into a bar graph. 
 In the graph, we have to 
show certain vehicles and their 
number, which are 5, 15, 25 
and 30. Let us take a scale of 5 
vehicles = 1 big unit. 
 You can see the finished graph in the figure above.
O
X
Y
Let’s learn.
Names of vehicles
Bicycle Motor cycle
Rickshaw X
Y
Number of vehicles
O
Bullock cart
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 vehicles
37
??	 This bar graph shows the maximum temperatures in degrees Celsius in different cities 
on a certain day in February. Observe the graph and answer the questions.
(1) What data is shown on the
vertical and the horizontal
lines?
(2) Which city had the highest
temperature?
(3) Which cities had equal
maximum temperatures?
(4) Which cities  had a
maximum temperature of
30°C?
(5) What is the difference
between the maximum
temperatures of Panchgani
 and Chandrapur?
Drawing a Bar Graph
 Let us take an example to see how the given data is shown as a bar graph.     
Example : Information about the plants in a nursery is given here. Show it in a bar graph.
Names of plants    Mogara Jai Hibiscus Chrysanthemum
Number of plants 70 50 45 80
Take a graph paper. 
(1) In the centre, write the title ‘Types and number of plants’.
(2) Draw the X and Y axes, and mark O, their point of intersection.
(3) Write the names of the plants on the X- axis at equal distances.
(4) The number of plants is divisible by 5. So, take the scale 0.5 cm = 5 plants, that is,
1cm = 10 plants on the Y- axis as it can be easily shown on the graph paper.
(5) Write the scale in the top right hand corner.
(6) Draw a bar of the appropriate height above the name of each plant on the X- axis.
Practice Set 18
Let’s learn.
Temperature
Panchgani
Pune Chandrapur Nashik
X
Y
Cities
O
Matheran
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 °C
Page 4


35
6
Bar Graphs
 Observe the picture alongside.
(1) To which sport is this data related?
(2) How many things does the picture
tell us about?
(3) What shape has been used in the
picture to represent runs?
 
We have seen how to make pictograms for given numerical data. When the scale is 
given, numerical information can be obtained by counting the pictures.
 
Example : A pictogram of the types and numbers of vehicles in a town is given below. 
Taking 1 picture = 5 vehicles, write their number in the pictogram.
 
Type of 
vehicle               
Vehicles Number
Bicycle
Motor- cycle
Auto- rickshaw
Bullock
cart
 
It can take a long time to draw pictures. Could we give the same data without using 
pictures?
 
Runs
Overs
India
Sri Lanka
Let’s recall.
36
    Graph Paper
 Observe the graph paper shown here. 
There are some bold and some faint lines on 
it. The bold lines show a certain big unit. 
This unit is divided into smaller units which 
are shown by the faint lines. The grid formed 
by these lines makes it easy to select a 
suitable scale and draw columns of the 
proper height. 
 Near the lower edge of the paper, a 
horizontal line is drawn as a base. It is called 
the X- axis. A  line  perpendicular  to  the        
 X- axis is drawn on the left side of the paper. 
  That is called the Y- axis.
 The items about which the 
graph is to be drawn are taken 
on the X- axis at equal distances 
from each other. The number 
related to each item is shown 
above it by a vertical column. 
This column is parallel to the 
Y- axis and of the proper height 
according to the chosen scale. 
Now, let us convert the  
pictogram shown on page 35 
into a bar graph. 
 In the graph, we have to 
show certain vehicles and their 
number, which are 5, 15, 25 
and 30. Let us take a scale of 5 
vehicles = 1 big unit. 
 You can see the finished graph in the figure above.
O
X
Y
Let’s learn.
Names of vehicles
Bicycle Motor cycle
Rickshaw X
Y
Number of vehicles
O
Bullock cart
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 vehicles
37
??	 This bar graph shows the maximum temperatures in degrees Celsius in different cities 
on a certain day in February. Observe the graph and answer the questions.
(1) What data is shown on the
vertical and the horizontal
lines?
(2) Which city had the highest
temperature?
(3) Which cities had equal
maximum temperatures?
(4) Which cities  had a
maximum temperature of
30°C?
(5) What is the difference
between the maximum
temperatures of Panchgani
 and Chandrapur?
Drawing a Bar Graph
 Let us take an example to see how the given data is shown as a bar graph.     
Example : Information about the plants in a nursery is given here. Show it in a bar graph.
Names of plants    Mogara Jai Hibiscus Chrysanthemum
Number of plants 70 50 45 80
Take a graph paper. 
(1) In the centre, write the title ‘Types and number of plants’.
(2) Draw the X and Y axes, and mark O, their point of intersection.
(3) Write the names of the plants on the X- axis at equal distances.
(4) The number of plants is divisible by 5. So, take the scale 0.5 cm = 5 plants, that is,
1cm = 10 plants on the Y- axis as it can be easily shown on the graph paper.
(5) Write the scale in the top right hand corner.
(6) Draw a bar of the appropriate height above the name of each plant on the X- axis.
Practice Set 18
Let’s learn.
Temperature
Panchgani
Pune Chandrapur Nashik
X
Y
Cities
O
Matheran
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 °C
38
Practice Set 19
 My friend, Maths : In newspapers, in periodicals.
Name Ramesh Shobha Ayub Julie Rahul
Litres of water used 30 litres 60 litres 40 litres 50 litres 55 litres
Now I know -
 For the same example above, draw a graph taking a different scale on the Y- axis. 
(For example, 1 cm = 5 plants.) Compare it with the graph above.
?? 	 Every bar in the graph should be of equal width.
?? 	 The distance between any two adjacent bars should be equal.
?? 	 All bars should be of appropriate height.
Collect bar graphs from newspapers or periodicals showing a variety of data.
(1) The names of the heads of some families in a village and the quantity of drinking
water their family consumes in one day are given below. Draw a bar graph for this
data.
(Scale : On Y- axis, 1cm = 10 litres of water)
O
Mogara Jai Hibiscus Chrysanthemum X
Scale : On Y- axis
1cm = 10 plants
Types and Number of Plants
Y
Page 5


35
6
Bar Graphs
 Observe the picture alongside.
(1) To which sport is this data related?
(2) How many things does the picture
tell us about?
(3) What shape has been used in the
picture to represent runs?
 
We have seen how to make pictograms for given numerical data. When the scale is 
given, numerical information can be obtained by counting the pictures.
 
Example : A pictogram of the types and numbers of vehicles in a town is given below. 
Taking 1 picture = 5 vehicles, write their number in the pictogram.
 
Type of 
vehicle               
Vehicles Number
Bicycle
Motor- cycle
Auto- rickshaw
Bullock
cart
 
It can take a long time to draw pictures. Could we give the same data without using 
pictures?
 
Runs
Overs
India
Sri Lanka
Let’s recall.
36
    Graph Paper
 Observe the graph paper shown here. 
There are some bold and some faint lines on 
it. The bold lines show a certain big unit. 
This unit is divided into smaller units which 
are shown by the faint lines. The grid formed 
by these lines makes it easy to select a 
suitable scale and draw columns of the 
proper height. 
 Near the lower edge of the paper, a 
horizontal line is drawn as a base. It is called 
the X- axis. A  line  perpendicular  to  the        
 X- axis is drawn on the left side of the paper. 
  That is called the Y- axis.
 The items about which the 
graph is to be drawn are taken 
on the X- axis at equal distances 
from each other. The number 
related to each item is shown 
above it by a vertical column. 
This column is parallel to the 
Y- axis and of the proper height 
according to the chosen scale. 
Now, let us convert the  
pictogram shown on page 35 
into a bar graph. 
 In the graph, we have to 
show certain vehicles and their 
number, which are 5, 15, 25 
and 30. Let us take a scale of 5 
vehicles = 1 big unit. 
 You can see the finished graph in the figure above.
O
X
Y
Let’s learn.
Names of vehicles
Bicycle Motor cycle
Rickshaw X
Y
Number of vehicles
O
Bullock cart
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 vehicles
37
??	 This bar graph shows the maximum temperatures in degrees Celsius in different cities 
on a certain day in February. Observe the graph and answer the questions.
(1) What data is shown on the
vertical and the horizontal
lines?
(2) Which city had the highest
temperature?
(3) Which cities had equal
maximum temperatures?
(4) Which cities  had a
maximum temperature of
30°C?
(5) What is the difference
between the maximum
temperatures of Panchgani
 and Chandrapur?
Drawing a Bar Graph
 Let us take an example to see how the given data is shown as a bar graph.     
Example : Information about the plants in a nursery is given here. Show it in a bar graph.
Names of plants    Mogara Jai Hibiscus Chrysanthemum
Number of plants 70 50 45 80
Take a graph paper. 
(1) In the centre, write the title ‘Types and number of plants’.
(2) Draw the X and Y axes, and mark O, their point of intersection.
(3) Write the names of the plants on the X- axis at equal distances.
(4) The number of plants is divisible by 5. So, take the scale 0.5 cm = 5 plants, that is,
1cm = 10 plants on the Y- axis as it can be easily shown on the graph paper.
(5) Write the scale in the top right hand corner.
(6) Draw a bar of the appropriate height above the name of each plant on the X- axis.
Practice Set 18
Let’s learn.
Temperature
Panchgani
Pune Chandrapur Nashik
X
Y
Cities
O
Matheran
Scale : On Y- axis
1 Unit = 5 °C
38
Practice Set 19
 My friend, Maths : In newspapers, in periodicals.
Name Ramesh Shobha Ayub Julie Rahul
Litres of water used 30 litres 60 litres 40 litres 50 litres 55 litres
Now I know -
 For the same example above, draw a graph taking a different scale on the Y- axis. 
(For example, 1 cm = 5 plants.) Compare it with the graph above.
?? 	 Every bar in the graph should be of equal width.
?? 	 The distance between any two adjacent bars should be equal.
?? 	 All bars should be of appropriate height.
Collect bar graphs from newspapers or periodicals showing a variety of data.
(1) The names of the heads of some families in a village and the quantity of drinking
water their family consumes in one day are given below. Draw a bar graph for this
data.
(Scale : On Y- axis, 1cm = 10 litres of water)
O
Mogara Jai Hibiscus Chrysanthemum X
Scale : On Y- axis
1cm = 10 plants
Types and Number of Plants
Y
39
(2)  The names and numbers of animals in a certain zoo are given below. Use the data 
to make a bar graph. (Scale : on Y- axis, 1cm = 4 animals)
Animals Deer Tiger Monkey Rabbit Peacock
Number 20 4 12 16 8
(3)  The table below gives the number of children who took part in the various items of 
the talent show as part of the the annual school gathering. Make a bar graph to show 
this data. (Scale : on Y- axis, 1cm = 4 children) 
Programme Theatre Dance Vocal music
Instrumental
music
One-act plays
No. of students 24 40 16 8 4
(4)  The number of customers who came to a juice centre during one week is given in 
the table below. Make two different bar graphs to show this data.
  (Scale : on Y- axis, 1cm = 10 customers, on Y-axis, 1cm = 5 customers)
Type of juice Orange Pineapple Apple Mango Pomegranate
No. of customers 50 30 25 65 10
(5)  Students planted trees in 5 villages of Sangli district. Make a bar graph of this data. 
(Scale : on Y- axis, 1cm = 100 trees) 
Name of place Dudhgaon Bagni Samdoli Ashta Kavathepiran
No. of trees planted 500 350 600 420 540
(6)  Yashwant gives different amounts of time as shown below, to different exercises he 
does during the week. Draw a bar graph to show the details of his schedule using 
an appropriate scale.   
Type of exercise Running Yogasanas Cycling Mountaineering Badminton
Time 35 minutes 50 minutes 1 hr 10 min
1 
1
2
 hours
45 minutes
(7)  Write the names of four of your classmates. Beside each name, write his/her weight 
in kilograms. Enter this data in a table like the above and make a bar graph.
	
Several different types of graphs are used to present numerical data. Ask your teacher 
for help to observe the graphs in MS - Excel, PPT.
 
    
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