Textbook Solution: Fibre to Fabric | Living Science (Ratna Sagar) for Class 6 PDF Download

Oral Questions For Formative Assessment

Q1:
Ans: Yarns are made up of fibres.

Q2:
Ans: Cotton, silk

Q3:
Ans: natural fibre

Q4:
Ans: No. In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a fabric but in weaving two sets of yarns are used.

Oral Questions For Formative Assessment (P. 30)

Q1:
Ans: Silk is smoother than cotton and shiny in appearance

Q2:
Ans: boiling silkworms in their cocoons

Q3:
Ans: Jute is not normally used to make cloth because it is a coarse and heavy fibre in comparison to cotton, silk and wool.

Q4:
Ans: nylon, polyester; synthetic fibres

For Formative and Summative Assessment (P. 30)

Part -A
Q1:
Ans: a
Q2:
Ans:  a
Q3:
Ans: b
Q4:
Ans: b
Q5:
Ans: c
Q6:
Ans: c
Q7:
Ans: c
Q8:
Ans: c

Part - B
Q1:
Ans:  a. cotton
b. silk
c. wool
d. nylon
Q2:
Ans:  black, alluvial
Q3: 
Ans: moderate
Q4:
Ans: Sericulture
Q5: 
Ans: true
Q6:
Ans: heavy
Q7:
Ans: retting
Q8:
Ans: true
Q9:
Ans: spinneret

Part C
Q1:
Ans: We wear clothes mainly to protect our bodies against the weather, i.e. strong sunlight, extreme cold or heat, and rain. Clothes also protect us from insects.
Q2:
Ans: People covered their bodies with animal skins in cold regions, and with bark, leaves and grass in warmer regions.
Q3: 
Ans: Fibre: A natural or synthetic thread that may be spun into yam.
Yam: Yams are made up of fibres.
Q4:
Ans: Wool, cotton, silk and nylon are the four fibres that are used to make clothes. Leather and fur are not fibres, but are used to make clothes.
Q5:
Ans: Jute is used chiefly to make cloth for wrapping bales of raw cotton, and to make sacks and coarse cloth.
Q6:
Ans: Clothes made from synthetic fibres are strong and do not wrinkle easily. They also dry up easily. They are often mixed with natural fibres to make cloth which has strength and can also breathe and absorb sweat.
Q7:
Ans: Because in India, a tropical wet and dry climate is more common. Nylon or polyester clothes cannot absorb sweat and does not breathe like cotton. These properties make them unsuitable for hot and humid weather.
Q8:
Ans: Jute grows best in warm, humid climates, with plenty of rainfall. It grows best in alluvial soil. The Sunderbans perfectly matches all these criteria.

Part D
Q1:
Ans: Cotton is a warm-season crop requiring moderate rainfall. It needs a fertile clayey soil with good moisture-holding capacity. Black soils found in western India and southern India, and alluvial soils of northern India are suitable for growing cotton.
Q2:
Ans:  The steps involved in converting cotton growing on plants to cotton cloth are:
(i) Ginning: Fibres are separated from the seeds by combing. This process is known as ginning.
(ii) Spinning: Fibres are then spun into yarn, by drawing out and twisting the fibres together. This process is known as spinning.
(iii) Weaving: The yarn is then used to make cloth by weaving.
Q3:
Ans:  Cotton cloth is soft and lets air in. It also absorbs sweat. This results in the cooling down of the body.
Cotton clothes are, therefore, comfortable to wear, especially in hot, humid weather.
On the other hand, clothes made from synthetic fibres have less air space in them than natural fibres and do not 'breathe' so well. They also cannot absorb sweat. These properties make them unsuitable for hot and humid weather.
Q4: 
Ans: Wool is derived from the hair on the body of sheep and some other animals.
First of all, wool is removed from the sheep using special clippers and the process is called shearing.
After shearing, the wool is packed in bales and transported to the mills. Here it is cleaned and then combed by a machine, separated and spun into fibre. This fibre is then woven or knitted to make woollen clothes.
Q5:
Ans: Silk is obtained from the cocoon of the silkworm. The cocoon is boiled in water to kill the silkworm and then unwound to get silk fibre.
Q6:
Ans: After harvesting, the stalks of the plant are bundled together and soaked in water for about 20 days. This process is known as retting.
When retting is over, the stalks are taken out of the water and the fibres are separated. They are washed, dried and then sent to the mills for making jute fabric.
Q7: 
Ans: To improve the characteristics of yarn, synthetic fibres are mixed with natural fibres.
For example, a mixture of cotton and polyester fibres is used to make fabric, which is quite strong, does not wrinkle easily, and can 'breathe' and absorb sweat.
Polyester and wool are mixed together to produce warm and durable cloth.
Q8:
Ans:  Fleece is the wool removed from a sheep, in one piece, by shearing.
Polyester is a synthetic fibre made from petrochemicals.
A spinneret is a device that forces liquid synthetic fibre through tiny holes to produce fine filaments.
Spinning is the process of drawing out and twisting fibres together to make yam.
Q9: 
Ans: Synthetic fibres are artificial threads. Examples are nylon, rayon and polyester.
Q10:
Ans: Ginning, spinning and weaving are the three steps involved in converting cotton growing on plants to cotton cloth.
Q11:
Ans: Four fibres used to make cloth are wool, cotton, silk and nylon.
Q12:
Ans: Cotton grows best in black and alluvial soil, whereas jute grows best in alluvial soil in hot and humid climates.
Q13:
Ans: The Sunderbans is best suited for growing jute because it has hot and humid climate, heavy rainfall and alluvial soil.
Q14:
Ans: In early days, people covered their bodies with animal skins in cold regions and with bark, leaves and grass in warmer regions.
Q15:
Ans: Because synthetic fibres do not absorb sweat and do not breathe like natural fibres, they are unsuitable for hot and humid weather.
Q16:
Ans: Silk is smoother than cotton and shiny in appearance.
Q17:
Ans: Wool is obtained from the fleece of sheep and some other animals.
Q18:
Ans: Silk fibre is obtained from the cocoon of the silkworm.
Q19:
Ans: Sericulture is the rearing of silkworms for the production of silk.
Q20:
Ans: A cocoon is the protective covering that the silkworm spins around itself, using its salivary glands.