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The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7 PDF Download

Kinds of Adjectives

1. Adjectives of Quality

  • The Adjective which tells us of what kind a person or a thing is, is called an Adjectives of Quality
  • As they describe a person or thing, they are called Descriptive Adjectives. Adjectives of Quality answer the question ‘of what kind’ e.g. new, poor, beautiful, tall, etc.

2. Proper Adjectives

  • The Adjectives which are formed from Proper Nouns are called Proper Adjectives e.g.
  • Indian, American, African, Asian, Australian, European, Russian etc. Proper Adjectives always begin with a capital letter.

3. Interrogative Adjectives

  • Interrogative Adjectives are words, that are used with a noun in a question, such as, – What, whose, which, and so on.

Degree of Comparison

Adjectives can be used to compare nouns or pronouns in respect of their qualities, quantities, and numbers. This comparison can be made in three different ways which we call Degrees of Comparison. They are the “Positive Degree” the “Comparative Degree” and the “Superlative Degree”.

Note: We often use than when we compare two things or people.

  • Riya is a clever girl. (Positive degree)
  • Priti is cleverer than Meena. (Comparative degree)
  • Sonam is the cleverest of all the three girls. (Superlative degree)

Formation of Comparatives and Superlatives:

Most Adjectives form their Comparative Degree by adding-er and their Superlative Degree by adding -est to the Positive.

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7

If the positive ends in -e we add only -r and -st to form Comparative and Superlative degrees.

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7If the Positive ends in y, and has a consonant immediately before it, the “y” is changed into “I” before adding -er and -est. But if the “y” has a vowel before it, it is not changed into i.

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7Single syllabic adjectives ending in a consonant preceded by a short vowel add – “er”, “est” after doubling the last consonant.

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7

Many Adjectives of two syllables and all adjectives of more than two syllables form their Comparatives by adding “more” and their Superlatives by adding “most”.

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7

Irregular Comparisons:

The Adjective | English Grammar Class 7

Uses of Adjectives

There are twelve adjectives that are derived from Latin. Of these five are used only as Positive Adjectives – interior, ulterior, exterior, major and minor and seven are used as Comparative Adjectives. They are followed by “to” instead of “than”. They are inferior, superior, prior, anterior, posterior, senior and junior as,

  • He has performed many major operations. (positive degree)
  • Mr. Lal is senior to me in service. (comparative degree)

When the possessive precedes an adjective in the superlative degree “the” is not used as, I have done my best.
Superlative degree is generally preceded by “the” as, Kolkata is the safest sea-port in India.

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FAQs on The Adjective - English Grammar Class 7

1. What is an adjective?
Ans. An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun by giving more information about its qualities, characteristics, or attributes. It provides additional details such as size, color, shape, quantity, etc., to help us understand and differentiate between different nouns or pronouns.
2. What is the importance of using adjectives in writing?
Ans. Adjectives play a crucial role in writing as they make the language more vivid, descriptive, and engaging. By using adjectives, writers can add depth and specificity to their descriptions, allowing readers to form a clearer mental image of the subject being discussed. Adjectives help create a more impactful and persuasive writing style.
3. How do adjectives change according to gender and number?
Ans. Adjectives in many languages, including English, can change according to the gender and number of the noun they modify. In English, the majority of adjectives do not change based on gender, but some may have different forms for masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns. Adjectives also change their form to agree with singular or plural nouns. For example, "beautiful" becomes "beautiful woman" (singular) and "beautiful women" (plural).
4. Can an adjective be used as a noun?
Ans. Yes, in some cases, an adjective can be used as a noun. This is known as a nominalized adjective. When an adjective is used as a noun, it represents a group of people or things sharing a particular characteristic. For example, "the rich" refers to wealthy individuals, and "the young" refers to young people. In these cases, the adjective takes on the role of a noun and is capitalized.
5. What are the different types of adjectives?
Ans. Adjectives can be classified into several types based on their function and the qualities they describe. Some commonly recognized types of adjectives include descriptive adjectives (e.g., beautiful, tall), demonstrative adjectives (e.g., this, that), possessive adjectives (e.g., my, your), interrogative adjectives (e.g., which, what), and comparative/superlative adjectives (e.g., taller, tallest). Each type has its own specific usage and purpose in language.
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