The Machine Age - 2 Class 5 Worksheet SST

Q1: Fill in the Blanks.

(i) A machine is a device that ____________ human or animal efforts to accomplish physical tasks.
(ii) Simple machines include the lever, wedge, wheel, pulley, and ____________.
(iii) James Watt used ____________ power to run water pumps in the year 1769.
(iv) Petroleum is formed from the remains of ____________ that lived and died millions of years ago.
(v) Wind-energy is harnessed using a device called a ____________.
(vi) The major energies used include steam, gas, petrol, ____________, and electricity.
(vii) Wind-energy and solar-energy are currently not very ____________.
(viii) Hydro-energy is generated using the power of ____________.
(ix) The shift from animal power to coal energy to petroleum energy is a shift in ____________ approach to energy.
(x) ____________ is an exhaustible source of energy that generates greenhouse gases.
Ans:
(i) replaces or simplifies
(ii) screw
(iii) steam
(iv) water plants and animals
(v) windmill
(vi) diesel
(vii) cost effective
(viii) water
(ix) man's
(x) Petroleum

Q2: True and False.

(i) Simple machines include the lever, wedge, and steam engine.
(ii) Wind-energy is a cost-effective source of energy.
(iii) Petroleum is formed from recent plant and animal remains.
(iv) Hydro-energy is available everywhere.
(v)The major energies used in the past were wind, solar, and animal energy.
Ans:
(i) True:
(ii) False: The worksheet states that wind-energy is currently not very cost-effective.
(iii) False: Petroleum is formed from the remains of water plants and animals that lived and died millions of years ago.
(iv) False: The worksheet states that hydro-energy is not available everywhere.
(v) False: The major energies used in the past were steam, gas, petrol, diesel, and electricity.

Q3: Match the Following.

Ans:

Q4: Short Answer Questions.

(i) Describe what a machine is and how it simplifies tasks.
Ans: A machine is a device that simplifies or replaces human or animal efforts to complete physical tasks. It helps us work more efficiently and effectively. For example, the wheel is a simple machine that makes it easier to move heavy objects by rolling them instead of lifting them.

(ii) Name three simple machines and give an example of each.
Ans: Three simple machines are:

• Lever: A lever is a rigid bar that pivots around a point called a fulcrum. Example: See-saw at a playground.
• Wedge: A wedge is a triangular-shaped tool that is used to split, lift, or hold objects. Example: A knife.
• Wheel: A wheel is a circular object that rotates around an axle. Example: A bicycle wheel.

(iii) How did James Watt contribute to the use of steam power?
Ans: James Watt improved the steam engine by introducing a separate condenser, which increased its efficiency and power. This innovation marked a significant step in harnessing steam power for various applications, including running water pumps, factories, and transportation.

(iv) Explain the process of how petroleum is formed.
Ans: Petroleum is formed from the remains of water plants and animals that lived and died millions of years ago. Over time, the remains were subjected to heat and pressure, leading to their transformation into crude oil or petroleum. This process took place over geological ages and resulted in the formation of oil reservoirs beneath the Earth's surface.

(v) What are the advantages and disadvantages of wind-energy as a source of power?
Ans: Wind-energy has advantages such as being a clean and renewable source of energy. Windmills harness wind power to generate electricity. However, it is currently not very cost-effective because setting up and maintaining wind turbines can be expensive. Additionally, wind energy's availability depends on wind patterns, which can vary.