The Northern Plain Video Lecture - Social Studies (SST) Class 9

the northern plain is located in the
southern part of the Himalayan range the
plain is formed from the flat plains of
three big river systems the Indus the
Ganga and the Brahmaputra based on the
names of these river systems the
northern plain is also called the
indo-gangetic plain the alluvium from
these river systems was deposited in the
vast basin at foothills of the Himalayas
over millions of years
these deposits built up to form the
present-day Fertile northern plain the
plain spans the area of a small country
can you estimate the area of the plain
the area of the plane is about 7 lakh
square kilometers the width of this
plane varies as you go from north to
south at its narrowest it stretches
across 240 kilometres at its widest it
stretches across 320 kilometres the
length of the plane is 2,400 kilometers
as mentioned earlier the soil cover in
this plane is rich and fertile and water
is found in plenty
combined with a favorable climate for
growing several major crops the northern
plain is one of the world's most
intensively farmed areas therefore it is
not surprising to note that the northern
plain is a very densely populated
physiographic division of India did you
know not just in India the northern
plain is one of the most populated areas
on earth
let's come back to the river systems
that helped in the formation of the
Northern Plains the river is coming from
the northern mountain carry a huge load
of eroded soil and detrás as a river
flows down towards the plains due to the
gentler slopes its velocity decreases
and the material carried by it gets
deposited on the way these deposits can
lead to the creation of River Rhine
Islands for example in the Plumber
Poudre River flowing through Assam lies
an island called mud Julie
this island is famed to be the largest
inhabited river rhine island in the
world the speed of the rivers reduces
further as they go downstream due to the
deposition of huge quantities of silt
these rivers split into numerous
channels these channels are called
distributaries
the sediments from the mouths of all the
distributaries collect to form a delta
for example the Ganga Brahmaputra Delta
is an important part of the northern
plain in fact with the expansion of the
deltas the northern plain is becoming
bigger as well now we'll take a closer
look at the northern plain the northern
plain can be divided into three main
parts starting from the top the western
part of the northern plain comes first
this part is formed by the Indus and its
tributaries the Indus and its
tributaries the she l'm the chin up the
Ravi the BRS and the subtle itch
originate in the Himalaya these rivers
lies the Fertile state of Punjab this
part of the northern plain is also
called the Punjab plain if you look at
of India however you will find that a
bigger portion of the Punjab plane lies
in Pakistan did you know the name Punjab
is made of two words Bunge and AB punch
means five and AB means water as you can
see the name Punjab is based on the five
rivers that dream the state in fact this
section of the northern plain is
dominated by dough arms dough means to
an AB means water so adorab is a piece
of land drained by two water bodies the
mat shows that the Wobs
that comprise Punjab for example eh-oh
are lies between the Jhelum and the
Chena River let's move to the next part
of the northern plain the Ganga plain
this spleen consists of the middle
portion of the northern plain and lies
between the gugga and the T star rivers
the Ganga plain spreads over most states
of North India
it covers Haryana Delhi Uttar Pradesh
Bihar and parts of Jharkhand and West
Bengal finally the eastern portion of
the northern plain is called the
Brahmaputra clean
this spleen lies in the state of our Sam
so which states of India are covered by
the northern Li the different states
that fall under the northern plain are
unjam Haryana Delhi Uttar Pradesh Bihar
parts of Jharkhand and West Bengal and
Assam what kind of relief features do
you think the northern plain displays
people generally think of the northern
plain as a region that has uniformly
flat land all across that's not quite
true you can find quite a bit of variety
of relief features in the northern plain
in fact based on these variations in
relief you can divide the northern plain
into four regions
barbar there ie Bunga and cover let's
find out more about these regions and
the features that each of these regions
displays we begin with the power region
the barber region is a narrow belt of
level surface in the northern plain line
parallel to the slope of the ship Alex
this region is about 8 to 16 kilometers
wide and consists of pebbles deposited
by the rivers after they flow down from
the mountains
interestingly all the streams disappear
in the barber belt therefore the level
of ground water is very deep here
moving south of the barber belt you come
to the next region there I II all rivers
and streams that disappear in the barber
belt resurfaced in this region the Thira
region consists of wet swampy and marshy
land the high water table creates a lot
of Springs and wetlands in this region
earlier the TI e region was thickly
forested and abundant with wildlife
however urbanization has taken its toll
and the forests have been cleared in
some places to obtain agricultural land
and in others to provide for the people
who migrated from Pakistan at the time
of the partition you may have heard of
the dog one a tional park
this park is located in the plains of
the Terai in utter Pradesh Billy Arjun
Singh
a famous conservationist led the effort
to establish Dudhwa as a century of the
swamp deer the next region called bonger
is the largest part of the northern
plain Banga is formed of older alluvium
this region lies above the flood plains
of the rivers it therefore has a terrace
like appearance the soil in the Banga
region contains calcareous deposits it
forms sheets across the alluvial plains
in India these deposits are called
Concord so what happens to the new
deposits of the floodplains the newer
younger deposits of the floodplains form
the fourth region of the northern plain
this region is called Qatar the alluvial
deposits in this region are renewed
every year therefore the land is fertile
and used extensively for agriculture
you