The Noun | English Class 8 PDF Download

Introduction

A word that refers to a name, place, thing, quality, or idea is Called Noun.

Examples:

• Paris is a beautiful destination. 
• There is pin-drop silence in the class.

Types of Nouns

1. Common nouns: These are general names for people, places, things, or ideas. They do not refer to a specific item or individual. 
   Examples: teacher, city, book, happiness.
2. Proper nouns: These are specific names for particular people, places, things, or ideas. They always start with a capital letter. 
   Examples: John, London, The Statue of Liberty, Christianity.
3. Concrete nouns: These are nouns that can be perceived by our senses – things we can see, hear, touch, smell, or taste. 
   Examples: dog, music, table, perfume, cake.
4. Abstract nouns: These are nouns that represent intangible concepts or ideas. They cannot be perceived by our senses. 
   Examples: love, freedom, sadness, democracy.
5. Countable nouns: These are nouns that can be counted and have plural forms. 
   Examples: cat (cats), tree (trees), house (houses), idea (ideas).
6. Uncountable nouns: These are nouns that cannot be counted and do not have plural forms. They usually represent substances, qualities, or concepts. 
   Examples: water, sugar, information, advice.
7. Collective nouns: These are nouns that represent a group of people, animals, or things. 
   Examples: team, flock, bunch, family.
8. Compound nouns: These are nouns that are formed by combining two or more words. 
   Examples: toothpaste, basketball, greenhouse, firefighter.

Gender of Nouns

Nouns can be classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter based on their gender.
Examples:

• Masculine: boy, father.
• Feminine: girl, mother.
• Neuter: table, book.

Number of Nouns

Nouns can be singular or plural.

• Singular nouns refer to one person, place, thing, or idea.
• Plural nouns refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples:

• Singular: dog, cat.
• Plural: dogs, cats.

Singular and Plural Forms of Nouns

Most nouns form their plurals by adding 's' or 'es' to the singular form.
Examples:

• Singular: dog
  Plural: dogs
• Singular: box
  Plural: boxes

Irregular Plural Nouns

Some nouns have irregular plural forms.
Examples:

• Singular: child
  Plural: children
• Singular: mouse
  Plural: mice

Possessive Nouns

Possessive nouns show ownership or possession.
To form the possessive form of a noun, add an apostrophe and 's' ('s) to the singular noun.
Examples:

• Singular: dog
  Possessive: dog's
• Singular: boy
  Possessive: boy's

Using Nouns in Sentences

Nouns can be used as the subject, object, or complement in a sentence.
Examples:

• Subject: The cat is sleeping.
• Object: She saw a bird.
• Complement: He became a doctor.