UGC NET Paper 2: English 7th Jan 2025 Shift 2 | UGC NET Past Year Papers PDF Download

Q1: From the statements given below, what is true about the Gothic Novel? 

A. It appeared in 18th-century European literature.

B. It often uses the medieval form of architecture as setting.

C. It is a form of baroque art.

D. It represents a style of mosaic and fresco wall painting.

E. It aims at evoking chilling terror by exploiting mystery and a variety of horrors.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and D only

(b) C and E only

(c) B and D only

(d) B and E only

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is B and E only.

• The Gothic novel is a genre of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance.
• It often uses the medieval form of architecture as a setting, which creates an atmosphere of mystery and terror (statement B).
• The genre aims at evoking chilling terror by exploiting mystery and a variety of horrors (statement E).
• Gothic novels emerged in the 18th century, not the 14th century, and are part of European literature, not specifically American literature.
• While Gothic novels can include baroque elements, they are not defined as a form of baroque art, and they do not focus on mosaic and fresco wall painting.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• The first Gothic novel is generally considered to be Horace Walpole's "The Castle of Otranto," published in 1764.
• Other famous Gothic novelists include Mary Shelley, author of "Frankenstein," and Bram Stoker, author of "Dracula."

Q2: Which among the following is the last novel of George Eliot? 

(a) Middlemarch

(b) Daniel Deronda

(c) Silas Marner

(d) The Mill on the Floss

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Daniel Deronda.

• George Eliot, whose real name was Mary Ann Evans, was an English novelist known for her rich characterizations and detailed depictions of rural life.
• "Daniel Deronda" was published in 1876 and is considered her last novel.
• The novel explores themes of identity, social expectations, and the Jewish experience in Victorian society.
• Unlike many of her other works, "Daniel Deronda" incorporates a significant focus on Jewish characters and culture, reflecting Eliot's interest in Jewish history and Zionism.
• The book is noted for its dual narrative structure, intertwining the lives of the aristocratic Gwendolen Harleth and the eponymous Daniel Deronda.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• "Middlemarch" (Option 1) is one of Eliot's most acclaimed works, published in 1871-1872, and it is regarded as one of the greatest novels in the English language.
• "Silas Marner" (Option 3), published in 1861, is a novel about a weaver who is falsely accused of theft and becomes a recluse, only to find redemption through a child's love.
• "The Mill on the Floss" (Option 4) was published in 1860 and tells the story of siblings Tom and Maggie Tulliver as they navigate the challenges of life and family in a small English town.

Q3: "Success is counted sweetest 

By those who ne'er succeed.

To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need."

Who has composed the above lines?

(a) Christina Rossetti

(b) Thomas Hardy

(c) Emily Dickinson

(d) Mathew Arnold

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Emily Dickinson.

• Emily Dickinson was an American poet known for her unique and unconventional style of poetry.
• She was born on December 10, 1830, in Amherst, Massachusetts.
• The quote "Success is counted sweetest by those who ne'er succeed" is from one of her well-known poems.
• Her poetry often explores themes of death, immortality, and the inner workings of the human mind.
• Despite her reclusive nature, Dickinson's work has had a profound impact on American literature and continues to be celebrated for its depth and originality.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Christina Rossetti: An English poet known for her romantic, devotional, and children's poetry.
• Thomas Hardy: An English novelist and poet famous for works like "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" and "Far from the Madding Crowd."
• Mathew Arnold: An English poet and cultural critic, known for poems such as "Dover Beach."

Q4: The author of "The Politics of Translation" and translator of Mahashweta Devi's "Stanadayini" is: 

(a) Homi Bhabha

(b) Jhumpa Lahiri

(c) Gayatri C. Spivak

(d) Tejaswini Niranjana

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Gayatri C. Spivak.

• Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak is an Indian scholar, literary theorist, and feminist critic.
• She is renowned for her work in postcolonial studies and for her translation of Mahashweta Devi's "Stanadayini" (also known as "Breast Stories").
• Spivak is the author of "The Politics of Translation," where she discusses the complexities and nuances involved in the process of translation.
• Her contributions to the fields of deconstruction and postcolonialism have been influential in shaping contemporary critical theory.
• Spivak's work often addresses issues of subalternity, marginalization, and the politics of representation.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Homi Bhabha: A prominent figure in postcolonial studies, known for his work "The Location of Culture," which explores cultural hybridity and colonial discourse.
• Jhumpa Lahiri: An acclaimed author known for her works such as "Interpreter of Maladies" and "The Namesake," focusing on the Indian-American immigrant experience.
• Tejaswini Niranjana: A scholar and translator known for her contributions to the field of translation studies and cultural theory, author of "Siting Translation."

Q5: From which poem are the following lines extracted? 

"Once more the storm is hauling and half hid

Under this cradle-hood and coverlid,

My child sleeps on. There is no obstacle.

But Gregory's wood and one bare hill."

(a) "The Second Coming"

(b) "The Cold Heaven"

(c) "A Prayer for My Daughter"

(d) "Among School Children"

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3: "A Prayer for My Daughter".

• "A Prayer for My Daughter" is a poem by W.B. Yeats, written in 1919.
• The poem reflects Yeats' concerns for his daughter's future amid the political and social turmoil of the time.
• The lines in the given question are extracted from this poem, which portrays a stormy night as a metaphor for the uncertain future.
• Yeats expresses his hopes and wishes for his daughter, emphasizing qualities such as beauty, kindness, and resilience.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• "The Second Coming": Another famous poem by W.B. Yeats, written in 1919, depicting the chaos and disintegration of the modern world.
• "The Cold Heaven": A poem by W.B. Yeats, exploring themes of love, loss, and the afterlife.
• "Among School Children": A reflective poem by W.B. Yeats, inspired by a visit to a school and contemplating the passage of time and the nature of human existence.

Q6: "There is nothing outside the text" is a statement by: 

(a) Viktor Shklovsky

(b) Jacques Derrida

(c) Roland Barthes

(d) Ferdinand de Saussure

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Jacques Derrida.

• Jacques Derrida was a French philosopher best known for developing a form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction.
• He is one of the major figures associated with post-structuralism and postmodern philosophy.
• The statement "There is nothing outside the text" (often translated from French as "Il n'y a pas de hors-texte") is central to Derrida's argument that context is always part of the meaning of a text, and that there is no independent, context-free reality to which a text can refer.
• This concept challenges traditional notions of meaning and interpretation, suggesting that every reading is influenced by its context.
• Derrida's work has had a profound impact on literary theory, philosophy, linguistics, and cultural studies.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Viktor Shklovsky: A Russian and Soviet literary theorist who is one of the major figures associated with Russian Formalism.
• Roland Barthes: A French literary theorist, philosopher, and critic who is known for his ideas about structuralism, semiotics, and post-structuralism.
• Ferdinand de Saussure: A Swiss linguist whose ideas laid a foundation for many developments in the study of language, including the field of semiotics.

Q7: Identify the poet who has composed the following lines: 

"Ganga was sunken, and the limp leaves

Waited for rain, while the black clouds

Gathered far distant, over Himavant.

The Jungle crouched, humped in silence."

(a) Ralph Waldo Emerson

(b) T. S. Eliot

(c) Emily Dickinson

(d) Sri Aurobindo

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is T. S. Eliot.

• ​The lines "Ganga was sunken, and the limp leaves / Waited for rain, while the black clouds / Gathered far distant, over Himavant. / The Jungle crouched, humped in silence." are indeed from T. S. Eliot’s poem "The Waste Land".
• "The Waste Land" is one of Eliot’s most famous poems, published in 1922, and is highly regarded as one of the greatest works of Modernist literature.
• The poem is known for its complex structure, dense allusions, and rich symbolism, which include references to various literary texts and different cultures.
• The reference to the Ganges and Himavant evoke Eastern spirituality and cultural depth, which Eliot frequently incorporated to contrast with and comment on Western spiritual desolation.
• The imagery in these lines reflects the themes of decay, drought, and waiting for renewal, which are central to "The Waste Land".
• Eliot's use of fragmented imagery creates a mosaic that portrays a world in disarray, seeking redemption and regeneration.

Additional Information

• Ralph Waldo Emerson is a transcendentalist poet  whose style and themes differ from the modernist fragmentation seen in "The Waste Land".
• Emily Dickinson’s poetry mainly focuses on themes of death, immortality, and nature in a unique and highly personal style, different from Eliot’s.
• Sri Aurobindo’s work often deals with spiritual evolu tion and integral yoga, with a distinct style separate from the modernist approach of Eliot.

Q8: Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing is a: 

(a) Tragicomedy

(b) Romantic Comedy

(c) Pastoral Play

(d) History Play

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Romantic Comedy.

• Shakespeare's "Much Ado About Nothing" is classified as a Romantic Comedy.
• This play revolves around the themes of love, misunderstanding, and reconciliation.
• The central characters, Beatrice and Benedick, engage in witty banter and a "merry war" of words, adding to the comedic element.
• The play also explores the romantic relationships between Hero and Claudio, which face trials but ultimately lead to a happy conclusion.
• Shakespeare expertly blends humor with deeper themes of trust and deception, characteristic of his romantic comedies.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Tragi Comedy: A play that contains elements of both tragedy and comedy, but "Much Ado About Nothing" is primarily a comedy.
• Pastoral Play: Focuses on idealized rural life; Shakespeare's "As You Like It" is an example, not "Much Ado About Nothing."
• History Play: Dramatizes historical events; Shakespeare's "Henry V" is an example, not "Much Ado About Nothing."

Q9: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II

(b) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(c) A - III, B - II, C - I, D - IV

(d) A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Manohar Malgaonkar is associated with "Rumble Tumble" (A-III).
• Chaman Nahal is the author of "The Weird Dance and Other Stories" (B-I).
• Ruskin Bond wrote "Neighbour's Wife and Other Stories" (C-IV).
• Arun Joshi is known for "The Survivor" (D-II).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Manohar Malgaonkar: An Indian author known for his works in fiction and historical writing.
• Chaman Nahal: An Indian author and academic known for his contribution to Indian-English literature.
• Ruskin Bond: A celebrated Indian author of British descent, known for his works on children’s literature and short stories.
• Arun Joshi: An Indian author known for his philosophical and psychological novels.

Q10: The incorrect works cited entries according to MLA Handbook, 9th edition are: 

A. Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in the Age of Destruction. Oxford UP, 2011.

B. Charon, Rita, et al. The Principles and Practice of Narrative Medicine. Oxford UP, London, 2017.

C. Ann Sabau. "The Perils of Ownership". American Review, vol. 10, no.2, 2007, pp.1-27.

D. Riddle, Julie. "Shadow Animals." The Georgia Review, 67.3, pp. 424-47.

E. Copeland, Edward. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen. Cambridge UP, 1997. 131- 48.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B and C only

(b) B, C and D only

(c) B, D and E only

(d) D, E and A only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is B, D and E only.

Here’s why these entries are incorrect according to the MLA Handbook, 9th edition:

B. Charon, Rita, et al. The Principles and Practice of Narrative Medicine. Oxford UP, London, 2017.
- The city of publication (London) is not required in MLA 9th edition when the publisher is Oxford University Press.
Correct Format:
- Charon, Rita, et al. The Principles and Practice of Narrative Medicine. Oxford UP, 2017.

D. Riddle, Julie. “Shadow Animals.” The Georgia Review, 67.3, pp. 424-47.
- The year of publication is missing from this citation, which is a required element in MLA format for journal articles.
Correct Format:
- Riddle, Julie. “Shadow Animals.” The Georgia Review, vol. 67, no. 3, 2013, pp. 424-47.

E. Copeland, Edward. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen. Cambridge UP, 1997. 131-48.
- The page range in an edited book should include "pp." before the page numbers.
Correct Format:
- Copeland, Edward. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen. Cambridge UP, 1997, pp. 131-48.

The correct citations:
A. Jacobs, Alan. The Pleasures of Reading in the Age of Destruction. Oxford UP, 2011.
- This citation follows the proper MLA format: Author’s name, italicized book title, publisher, and year of publication.

C. Ann Sabau. “The Perils of Ownership.” American Review, vol. 10, no. 2, 2007, pp. 1-27.
- This follows the correct MLA format for a journal article: author’s name, article title in quotes, journal name in italics, volume, issue number, year, and page range.

Q11: Arrange the plays of William Shakespeare in the chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. The Tempest

B. Love's Labour Lost

C. Twelfth Night

D. Much Ado About Nothing

E. A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, E, D, C, A

(b) E, A, D, C, B

(c) A, B, C, D, E

(d) A, C, D, B, E

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language.
• The plays of William Shakespeare were published in various years and understanding their chronological order provides insight into his development as a playwright.
• The correct chronological order of the given plays based on their year of publication is:
  • B. Love's Labour Lost - One of his early comedies, believed to have been written in the mid-1590s.
  • E. A Midsummer Night's Dream - Another early comedy, generally assumed to have been written in the late 1590s.
  • D. Much Ado About Nothing - Written around 1598-1599.
  • C. Twelfth Night - Written approximately in 1601-1602.
  • A. The Tempest - One of his later plays, believed to have been written in 1610-1611.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Love's Labour Lost: An early comedy that explores themes of love and intellectual pursuit.
• A Midsummer Night's Dream: A play that intertwines the lives of humans and fairies, showcasing Shakespeare's mastery in blending reality with fantasy.
• Much Ado About Nothing: A comedic exploration of love, deception, and misunderstandings.
• Twelfth Night: A comedy that deals with themes of mistaken identity and love triangles.
• The Tempest: A play that delves into themes of power, betrayal, and forgiveness, often considered one of his greatest works.

Q12: Which of the following statements are correct about 'Litotes"? 

A. It contains an understatement for emphasis.

B. It is not opposite of hyperbole.

C. It is often used to achieve a laconic effect.

D. It is used with ironic intentions.

E. It is used in dramatic context.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, C and D only

(b) C, D and E only

(c) A, D and E only

(d) A, C and D only

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• Litotes is a literary device that involves understatement for emphasis.
• It uses negation to express a positive idea by stating the negative of its opposite (e.g., "not bad" instead of "good").
• Litotes often has laconic intentions due to its concise and potentially understated expression.
• It can be used with ironic intentions, adding a level of subtlety or humor by downplaying a situation.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Litotes is generally not considered the opposite of hyperbole; hyperbole exaggerates, while litotes understates.
• Though it can be used in dramatic contexts, this is not a defining feature of litotes.

Q13: Which of the following is not an autobiography? 

(a) Patrick White : A Life

(b) Long Walk to Freedom

(c) My Experiments with Truth

(d) Akkarmashi (The Outcaste)

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Patrick White : A Life.

• Patrick White : A Life is a biography written by David Marr about the Australian novelist Patrick White. It is not an autobiography.
• Long Walk to Freedom is the autobiography of Nelson Mandela, detailing his journey from childhood to becoming the first black president of South Africa.
• My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, covering his life experiences and principles of non-violence and truth.
• Akkarmashi (The Outcaste) is the autobiography of Sharankumar Limbale, depicting his life as a Dalit in India.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Patrick White was an Australian writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1973. He is known for his novels such as "Voss" and "The Tree of Man."
• Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
• Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who led the campaign for India's independence from British rule.
• Sharankumar Limbale is an Indian writer and Dalit activist known for his contributions to Marathi literature and his works on caste discrimination.

Q14: Who amongst the following was not a member of the Bloomsbury Group? 

(a) Virginia Woolf

(b) E. M. Forster

(c) Lytton Strachey

(d) W. B. Yeats

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is W. B. Yeats.

• W. B. Yeats was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature.
• He was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival and co-founded the Abbey Theatre.
• Yeats was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923.
• The Bloomsbury Group was a group of associated English writers, intellectuals, philosophers, and artists in the first half of the 20th century, which included figures like Virginia Woolf, E. M. Forster, and Lytton Strachey.
• Yeats, although a contemporary and an influential literary figure, was not part of the Bloomsbury Group.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Virginia Woolf: An English writer and one of the foremost modernists of the 20th century, known for works like "Mrs. Dalloway" and "To the Lighthouse."
• E. M. Forster: An English novelist, short story writer, and essayist, known for novels like "A Passage to India" and "Howard's End."
• Lytton Strachey: An English writer and critic, known for his biographies and as a member of the Bloomsbury Group.

Q15: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I

(b) A - IV, B - I, C - II, D - III

(c) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(d) A - III, B - II, C - I, D - IV

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Paul Ehrlich is known for his book "The Population Bomb" published in 1972, which predicts global overpopulation and its consequences.
• Lawrence Buell is recognized for his work "The Environmental Imagination" published in 1995, which is a significant contribution to environmental literary studies.
• Nevil Shute is the author of "On the Beach" published in 1957, a post-apocalyptic novel set in a world devastated by nuclear war.
• Rachel Carson wrote the groundbreaking book "Silent Spring" published in 1962, which raised awareness about the dangers of pesticides and sparked the modern environmental movement.

Therefore, the correct matching of authors and their texts is:

• A. Paul Ehrlich - IV. The Population Bomb (1972)
• B. Lawrence Buell - I. The Environmental Imagination (1995)
• C. Nevil Shute - II. On the Beach (1957)
• D. Rachel Carson - III. Silent Spring (1962)

Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Paul Ehrlich is an American biologist and professor known for his warnings about population growth and limited resources.
• Lawrence Buell is a prominent scholar in environmental literary studies and has made significant contributions to the field.
• Nevil Shute was an English novelist and aeronautical engineer who wrote several popular novels.
• Rachel Carson was a marine biologist and conservationist whose work is credited with advancing the global environmental movement.

Q16: Which of the given statements are correct? 

A. Omprakash Valmiki's Joothan is a novel.

B. Joothan represents the Dalit Valmiki community in critical light.

C. Joothan enumerates the difficulties of being a Dalit in independent India.

D. Joothan was translated into English by Arun Prabha Das.

E. Joothan critiques the upper castes.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B and C only

(b) B, D and E only

(c) B, C and E only

(d) C, D and E only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is B, C and E only.

• Joothan is an autobiographical work by Omprakash Valmiki, not a novel. It is a seminal text in Dalit literature that documents the lived experiences of caste discrimination.
• The book critically represents the Dalit Valmiki community, exposing the social injustices faced by them, but it does so through the author’s personal narrative rather than merely portraying the community in a negative light.
• Joothan enumerates the difficulties faced by Dalits in independent India, highlighting caste-based discrimination in everyday life, including untouchability, social exclusion, and economic deprivation.
• The English translation of Joothan was done by Arun Prabha Mukherjee, not Arun Prabha Das.
• The book critiques the upper castes and the oppressive social structures upheld by them, exposing systemic inequality and social hierarchies.
• Omprakash Valmiki’s work played a crucial role in bringing Dalit voices and issues into mainstream Indian literature and discourse.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Statement A is incorrect because Joothan is an autobiography, not a novel.
• Statement D is incorrect due to the wrong translator name; it is Arun Prabha Mukherjee who translated Joothan into English.
• Statement B, C, and E correctly describe the thematic content and social critique presented in Joothan.

Q17: Who has written The Life Divine? 

(a) Dante

(b) Emerson

(c) Sri Aurobindo

(d) Jayant Mahapatra

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Sri Aurobindo.

• Sri Aurobindo was an Indian philosopher, yogi, guru, poet, and nationalist.
• He joined the Indian movement for independence from British rule and was one of its influential leaders before turning to spiritual reform.
• "The Life Divine" is his magnum opus, which describes his integral yoga and philosophy.
• The book delves into the nature of reality, human evolution, and the potential for a divine life on Earth.
• Sri Aurobindo's works have had a profound impact on spiritual and philosophical thought both in India and worldwide.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Dante: An Italian poet famous for "The Divine Comedy," an epic poem that takes the reader through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven.
• Emerson: An American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century.
• Jayant Mahapatra: An Indian English poet known for his works like "Relationship," which won the Sahitya Akademi Award, and other notable poetry collections.

Q18: When was 'International Phonetic Alphabet' (IPA) developed and promulgated? 

(a) 1868

(b) 1878

(c) 1888

(d) 1978

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is 1888.

• The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) was developed and promulgated in 1888.
• It was created by the International Phonetic Association to provide a consistent and accurate way to represent the sounds of all spoken languages.
• IPA is widely used by linguists, speech therapists, singers, actors, and language learners to study and teach pronunciation.
• The alphabet has undergone several revisions and updates since its inception to adapt to new linguistic discoveries and requirements.
• It includes symbols for consonants, vowels, suprasegmental features, tones, and accents to represent a wide range of speech sounds.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• The IPA is designed to be comprehensive, covering all known sounds in human languages, and it is updated periodically to reflect new findings in phonetics.
• It is used in dictionaries to indicate pronunciation and is essential for learners of foreign languages to understand the accurate pronunciation of words.
• The IPA symbols are based on the Latin alphabet, with additional characters and diacritics to represent specific sounds.

Q19: Arrange the following poems by W. B. Yeats in the chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. "Adam's Curse"

B. "Among School Children"

C. "The Second Coming"

D. "The Wild Swans at Coole"

E. "Under Ben Bulben"

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C, D, E

(b) C, D, B, A, E

(c) E, B, D, C, A

(d) A, D, C, B, E

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• W. B. Yeats was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature.
• He was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival and co-founded the Abbey Theatre.
• Yeats received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923.
• "Adam's Curse" was published in 1904. This poem reflects on the difficulties inherent in all artistic creation.
• "The Wild Swans at Coole" was published in 1919. The poem captures a reflection on beauty and the passage of time.
• "The Second Coming" was published in 1920. This poem is one of Yeats's most famous works and deals with the theme of apocalyptic vision and historical cycles.
• "Among School Children" was published in 1927. The poem arises from Yeats's reflections on life, aging, and personal history during a visit to a school.
• "Under Ben Bulben" was published in 1939, the year of Yeats's death. It serves as a summing up of his poetic and mystical interests and contains his instructions for his epitaph.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Yeats' work often explored themes of mysticism, mythology, and the occult, reflecting his interest in these subjects.
• He was involved in the establishment of the Irish National Theatre and served as a senator for the Irish Free State.
• His poetry evolved over time from romantic and nationalistic themes to more personal and mystical explorations.

Q20: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(b) A - III, B - II, C - I, D - IV

(c) A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III

(d) A - IV, B - III, C - II, D - I

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• ​Bodies that Matter was written by Judith Butler. Judith Butler is renowned for her work in gender theory, and "Bodies that Matter" specifically explores the materiality of bodies and the concept of performativity.
• A World of Difference was written by Barbara Johnson. Barbara Johnson was a prominent literary critic who engaged deeply with issues of deconstruction and psychoanalysis.
• A Literature of their Own was written by Elaine Showalter. Elaine Showalter is a key figure in feminist literary criticism and her book "A Literature of their Own" explores the history of women writers and their literary tradition.
• Vamps and Tramps was written by Camille Paglia. Camille Paglia is known for her provocative cultural criticism and "Vamps and Tramps" is a collection of essays that discuss various aspects of popular culture and feminism.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Other Related Points

• A - I: Incorrect. Barbara Johnson did not write "Bodies that Matter".
• B - II: Incorrect. Judith Butler did not write "A World of Difference".
• C - III: Incorrect. Camille Paglia did not write "A Literature of their Own".
• D - IV: Incorrect. Elaine Showalter did not write "Vamps and Tramps".

Q21: Which of the following novelists did not employ "Stream of Consciousness" technique? 

(a) Virginia Wolf

(b) James Joyce

(c) Dorothy Richardson

(d) Graham Greene

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Graham Greene.

• Graham Greene was an English novelist regarded for his works exploring moral and political issues in the context of modern society.
• He did not employ the "Stream of Consciousness" technique, which is characterized by a continuous flow of thoughts and feelings, often without clear structure or punctuation.
• Instead, Greene's writing style is known for its clarity, precision, and narrative structure, focusing on plot and character development.
• Some of his famous works include "The End of the Affair," "The Quiet American," and "Our Man in Havana."
• Greene's novels often delve into themes of espionage, conflict, and personal moral dilemmas.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Virginia Woolf: A prominent English writer known for her use of the "Stream of Consciousness" technique in novels like "Mrs. Dalloway" and "To the Lighthouse."
• James Joyce: An Irish novelist who extensively used the "Stream of Consciousness" technique in works such as "Ulysses" and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
• Dorothy Richardson: An English writer credited with pioneering the "Stream of Consciousness" technique in her series of novels titled "Pilgrimage."

Q22: Which of the following statements are true about Modernism? 

A. Modernism marked a break with formal conventions

B. Old ways of thought underwent cultural shift

C. Decline of liberal humanism

D. Modernism revived classical scholarship

E. Modernism promoted logocentric way of thoughts

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) C, D and E only

(b) B, C and D only

(c) A, B and C only

(d) A, D and E only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is 3) A, B and C only.

• Modernism marked a significant break with formal conventions in literature, art, and other cultural expressions, leading to new ways of experimentation and representation (Statement A).
• It involved a cultural shift where old ways of thought were questioned and redefined, reflecting the changing perspectives of the early 20th century (Statement B).
• There was a decline of liberal humanism as modernist writers and artists sought to explore more subjective and fragmented experiences of reality (Statement C).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Modernism did not revive classical scholarship; instead, it often sought to move away from classical and traditional forms (against Statement D).
• Modernism was generally critical of logocentrism, which is the focus on logic and reason as the primary means of understanding the world, favoring instead more abstract and subjective forms of expression (against Statement E).

Q23: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - IV, B - II, C - I, D - III

(b) A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

(c) A - I, B - III, C - IV, D - II

(d) A - II, B - IV, C - III, D - I

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Edmund Spenser is best known for his epic poem "The Faerie Queene," which is an allegorical work celebrating the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I.
• Philip Sidney is renowned for "The Defense of Poesy," a work that defends the art of poetry against its detractors and argues for its moral and educational value.
• Thomas Wyatt is credited with introducing the sonnet to English literature, and his famous poem "Whoso List to Hunt" is a translation of a sonnet by Petrarch.
• Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, wrote "So Cruel Prison how could Betide," a poem reflecting on his imprisonment in Windsor Castle.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Option 1 is incorrect because it mismatches the poets and their works.
• Option 3 is incorrect because it mismatches the poets and their works.
• Option 4 is incorrect because it mismatches the poets and their works.

Q24: Which among the following novels is not written by Mary Shelley? 

(a) The Lost Woman

(b) Frankenstein

(c) Faulkner

(d) The Last Man

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Mary Shelley was an English novelist, best known for her Gothic novel "Frankenstein" which is considered one of the earliest examples of science fiction.
• She also wrote several other novels including "The Last Man," which is one of the first post-apocalyptic novels.
• "The Lost Woman" is not a work written by Mary Shelley.
• "Faulkner" does not refer to any work by Mary Shelley; it refers to William Faulkner, an American writer and Nobel Prize laureate.
• Mary Shelley's contributions to literature extend beyond her famous works, influencing the genre of science fiction and Gothic literature significantly.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Mary Shelley was also a prolific writer of short stories, travel writings, and biographical articles.
• Her work has inspired countless adaptations in film, theatre, and television, cementing her legacy as a pivotal figure in literary history.
• Mary Shelley was married to the famous Romantic poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, and she was the daughter of the political philosopher William Godwin and the feminist Mary Wollstonecraft.

Q25: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

(b) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

(c) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I

(d) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• The Golden Light is authored by Sri Aurobindo.
• Sri Aurobindo was a philosopher, poet, and nationalist, who played a significant role in India's independence movement.
• The Lotus is authored by Toru Dutt.
• Toru Dutt was one of the earliest Indian poets to write in English, and her work often reflects her own tragic life story.
• Indian Dancers is authored by Sarojini Naidu.
• Sarojini Naidu, known as the 'Nightingale of India,' was a freedom fighter and a poet of the Indian independence movement.
• The Harp of India is authored by Henry Derozio.
• Henry Derozio was an Indian poet and teacher of Eurasian and Portuguese descent, and he was a prominent figure in the Bengal Renaissance.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Sri Aurobindo's contributions to literature, philosophy, and the Indian independence movement are well-recognized and respected.
• Toru Dutt's literary works often draw upon Indian themes and personal experiences, making her a significant figure in Indian literature.
• Sarojini Naidu's poetry captures the beauty of Indian culture and her dedication to India's freedom struggle.
• Henry Derozio's active role in the Bengal Renaissance helped inspire a cultural and intellectual revival in India during the 19th century.

Q26: Which of the following is a Dramatic Monologue? 

(a) "The Canonization"

(b) "Tintern Abbey"

(c) "Andrea de Sarto"

(d) "The Flea"

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Andrea de Sarto.

• "Andrea de Sarto" is a dramatic monologue written by Robert Browning.
• In this poem, Browning employs the voice of the Italian Renaissance painter Andrea del Sarto to explore themes of artistic ambition, compromise, and personal regret.
• The dramatic monologue form allows the poet to delve into the psyche of the speaker, revealing their inner thoughts and emotions.
• Unlike traditional monologues, dramatic monologues typically feature an implied audience and offer a deep psychological insight into the character.
• Robert Browning is renowned for his mastery of this poetic form, with "Andrea de Sarto" being one of his most celebrated works.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• "The Canonization" and "The Flea" are both metaphysical poems by John Donne, known for their complex imagery and themes of love and religion.
• "Tintern Abbey" is a lyric poem by William Wordsworth, reflecting on the beauty of nature and the passage of time.
• These works, while significant, do not fall under the category of dramatic monologues.

Q27: Which of the following options are true about the epistemological dimension of research? 

A. Scientific realism

B. The search for truth

C. Critical theory

D. Certain and indubitable knowledge

E. Mechanism of social control

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and C only

(b) B and D only

(c) D and A only

(d) C, D and E only

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• The epistemological dimension of research deals with the nature and scope of knowledge.
• Option B (The search for truth) aligns with the epistemological dimension as it emphasizes the quest for understanding and knowledge.
• Option D (Certain and indubitable knowledge) also relates to epistemology, focusing on the certainty and reliability of knowledge.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Scientific realism (Option A) relates to the belief that the world described by science is real, which can be associated with epistemology but not exclusively.
• Critical theory (Option C) is more aligned with a methodological and theoretical framework in social sciences rather than epistemology alone.
• Mechanism of social control (Option E) is more related to sociology and governance, not directly to epistemology.

Q28: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV

(b) A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

(c) A - IV, B - I, C - II, D - III

(d) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Basudev Sunani is associated with the text "Cast Out".
• Om Prakash Valmiki is known for his autobiography "Joothan".
• Bama is the author of the influential work "Karukku".
• Urmila Pawar wrote "Weave of My Life".

Therefore, the correct matchings are:

• A - III (Basudev Sunani - Cast Out)
• B - IV (Om Prakash Valmiki - Joothan)
• C - I (Bama - Karukku)
• D - II (Urmila Pawar - Weave of My Life)

Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• These authors have significantly contributed to Dalit literature, bringing forth the struggles and experiences of marginalized communities in India.
• Their works are crucial in understanding the social and cultural context of Dalit lives and their fight against oppression and discrimination.

Q29: "O Sir, content you', 

I follow him to serve my turn upon him.

We cannot all be masters, nor all masters cannot be truly followed." The above lines were spoken by which of the following characters?

(a) Roderigo

(b) Iago

(c) Caliban

(d) Cassio

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Iago.

• The lines quoted are from William Shakespeare's play "Othello."
• Iago is one of the central characters in "Othello" and serves as the play's primary antagonist.
• Iago speaks these lines in Act 1, Scene 1, where he reveals his duplicitous nature and his intentions to deceive and manipulate Othello for his own gain.
• The quote underscores the theme of appearance versus reality, a recurring motif in the play, as Iago pretends to serve Othello while secretly plotting against him.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Roderigo: Another character in "Othello," who is manipulated by Iago throughout the play.
• Caliban: A character from Shakespeare's "The Tempest," not "Othello."
• Cassio: A lieutenant in "Othello," who becomes a target of Iago's schemes.

Q30: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - II, B - IV, C - I, D - III

(b) A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I

(c) A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III

(d) A - II, B - II, C - IV, D - III

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• A. Antonomasia - II. A figure of speech in which some defining word or phrase is substituted for a person's proper name.
• B. Antiphrasis - IV. Ironic or humorous use of words in senses opposite to the generally accepted meanings.
• C. Apocrypha - I. Writings or statements of doubtful or spurious authorship.
• D. Aretalogy - III. A narrative of miraculous deeds of God or Hero.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Q31: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

(b) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

(c) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

(d) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• Autobiography of an Unknown Indian is a book by Nirad C. Chaudhuri.
• My Son's Father is authored by Dom Moraes.
• All through the Gandhian Era is written by A.S. Iyengar.
• My God Died Young is penned by Sasthi Brata.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3: A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III.

Other Related Points

• Nirad C. Chaudhuri's autobiography is a detailed account of his life and times, providing insights into Indian society and culture during the British Raj.
• Dom Moraes was an Indian writer and poet known for his works in English literature.
• A.S. Iyengar was an Indian author who wrote extensively about the Gandhian era and its impact on India.
• Sasthi Brata was an Indian writer known for his candid and sometimes controversial autobiographical works.

Q32: The Grammar Translation Method in English Language Teaching stresses on: 

(a) Fluency

(b) Accuracy

(c) Appropriateness

(d) Listening Skill

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Accuracy.

• The Grammar Translation Method is primarily focused on the accuracy of language use rather than fluency.
• This method emphasizes the correct use of grammar and vocabulary, often through translation exercises between the target language and the native language.
• Students learn rules of grammar and apply them in translating sentences and texts.
• The method often involves rote memorization of vocabulary and grammar rules.
• It is a traditional method that was widely used in teaching classical languages such as Latin and Greek, and later adapted for teaching modern languages.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Fluency: While important in language learning, fluency is not the main focus of the Grammar Translation Method.
• Appropriateness: This refers to the suitability of language in different contexts, which is not the primary concern of this method.
• Listening Skill: Listening is a key component of language acquisition, but the Grammar Translation Method does not prioritize it.

Q33: Which of the following statements are true about A. K. Ramanujan? 

A. He is a poet of the sixties.

B. His poetry draws his sustenance from his awareness of Hindu heritage.

C. He has poor sense of rhythm.

D. His verse poorly utilises Akam constructed techniques.

E. He utilises Akam constructed techniques in his poetry.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) C, D and E only

(b) A, B and E only

(c) B, C and D only

(d) B, D and E only

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• A. K. Ramanujan is recognized as a poet of the sixties, aligning with the literary movement of that time.
• His poetry draws significant sustenance from his awareness of Hindu heritage, reflecting cultural and historical influences.
• He utilizes Akam constructed techniques in his poetry, showcasing traditional Tamil poetic methods.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Ramanujan's work often bridges the gap between Indian and Western literary traditions, blending cultural elements.
• His translations of classical Tamil and Kannada literature have also garnered critical acclaim.
• Ramanujan's poetry is noted for its nuanced exploration of identity, culture, and memory.

Q34: Identify the correct statement on about 'Langue' and 'Parole' below: 

A. Langue is the abstract language system, the grammar of a language.

B. Parole is the language actually produced by its users following Langue.

C. Langue is the language actually produced by its users following Parole.

D. Parole is the abstract language system, the grammar of a system.

E. Langue and Parole are not related to one language as concepts.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only

(b) A and C only

(c) B and C only

(d) D and E only

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is 1) A and B only.

• Langue and parole are terms coined by Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure.
• Langue refers to the abstract, systematic rules and conventions of a language system, essentially the grammar and structure of the language.
• Parole refers to the actual use of language in concrete situations by individual speakers, encompassing speech and writing.
• Thus, Langue is the underlying system, while Parole is the practical application of this system in communication.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Option 2 is incorrect because it states that Langue is the language produced by users following Parole, which is a reversal of the actual definition.
• Option 3 is incorrect for the same reason, as it includes the incorrect statement about Langue and Parole.
• Option 4 is incorrect because it states that Parole is the abstract system, which is not true.
• Option 5 is incorrect because Langue and Parole are related concepts within the study of language.

Q35: Who is the author of English in India: Its Present and Future published in 1964? 

(a) G. T. Garratt

(b) Rameshwar Gupta

(c) V. K. Gokak

(d) A. R. Chide

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is V. K. Gokak.

• V. K. Gokak was a prominent Indian writer and scholar in English and Kannada literature.
• He was awarded the Jnanpith Award in 1990 for his contributions to Kannada literature.
• His book "English in India: Its Present and Future" published in 1964, discusses the status and future of the English language in India.
• Gokak was an advocate for the integration of English education in India while also promoting the importance of regional languages.
• His work has had a significant impact on the educational policies related to language in India.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• G. T. Garratt: An author known for his works on Indian history and politics.
• Rameshwar Gupta: A writer known for his contributions to Hindi literature.
• A. R. Chide: Not much information is available about this author in the context of English literature in India.

Q36: An ideal research paper should include: 

A. A statement that establishes the problem or controversial issue that the paper intends to examine.

B. Background information to establish past theories and current ideas on the topic.

C. Summarizing and paraphrasing.

D. Glorification of the paper writer himself.

E. A thesis to establish one's position.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, C and D only

(b) A and D only

(c) C and D only

(d) A, B and E only

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• An ideal research paper should first include a statement that establishes the problem or controversial issue that the paper intends to examine (Option A).
• It should also provide background information to establish past theories and current ideas on the topic (Option B).
• Finally, a thesis to establish one's position is essential to guide the direction of the research and arguments (Option E).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Options C and D are not ideal components of a research paper. Summarizing and paraphrasing are techniques used within a research paper but are not standalone components.
• Glorification of the paper writer himself (Option D) is not appropriate for an academic research paper.

Q37: The famous short poem "Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog" appears in which one of the following Eighteenth Century novels? 

(a) Roderick Random by Tobias Smollet

(b) Tristram Shandy by Laurence Sterne

(c) The Vicar of Wakefield by Oliver Goldsmith

(d) The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is The Vicar of Wakefield by Oliver Goldsmith.

• "Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog" is a famous short poem by Oliver Goldsmith.
• The poem appears in Goldsmith's novel "The Vicar of Wakefield," which was published in 1766.
• The novel is a significant work of 18th-century English literature and is known for its depiction of rural life and the trials and tribulations of the Primrose family.
• The poem is recited by one of the characters within the novel and adds to the overall charm and satirical tone of the story.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• "Roderick Random" by Tobias Smollett: A picaresque novel that follows the adventures and misadventures of its eponymous hero.
• "Tristram Shandy" by Laurence Sterne: An experimental novel known for its digressions and unique narrative style.
• "The Castle of Otranto" by Horace Walpole: Considered the first Gothic novel, it involves elements of horror and the supernatural.

Q38: Which among the following does not fall in the category of a Revenge Tragedy? 

(a) The Spanish Tragedy

(b) The Jew of Malta

(c) Hamlet

(d) Cymbeline

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Cymbeline.

• The Spanish Tragedy: This play by Thomas Kyd is one of the earliest examples of a revenge tragedy, featuring themes of revenge, murder, and madness.
• The Jew of Malta: Written by Christopher Marlowe, this play also includes elements of revenge and is considered part of the revenge tragedy genre.
• Hamlet: William Shakespeare's famous play is a classic revenge tragedy, where the protagonist seeks to avenge his father's murder.
• Cymbeline: Although written by Shakespeare, this play is not classified as a revenge tragedy. It is more of a romance and tragedy with elements of comedy and history.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Revenge Tragedy: A genre of drama where the plot revolves around the protagonist's quest for vengeance and typically includes themes of murder, betrayal, and madness.
• Key Characteristics: These plays often feature a protagonist who is wronged, a ghost or supernatural element, and a final scene of carnage.
• Other Examples: Other notable revenge tragedies include "Titus Andronicus" by Shakespeare and "The Revenger's Tragedy" by Thomas Middleton.

Q39: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

(b) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

(c) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

(d) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Nala and Damayanti was written by P. A. Krishnaswamy.
• Jayadeva was written by Vasudeva Rao.
• The Viziers of Bassora was written by Harindranath Chattopadhyay.
• The Flute of Krishna was written by Sri Aurobindo.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1: A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I.

Other Related Points

• Sri Aurobindo was a prominent Indian philosopher, yogi, guru, poet, and nationalist who also contributed significantly to literature and spirituality.
• Harindranath Chattopadhyay was a renowned Indian poet and playwright, known for his contribution to Indian English literature.
• Vasudeva Rao was a notable Indian author known for his literary works in regional languages.
• P. A. Krishnaswamy was an Indian writer known for his contributions to classical Indian literature.

Q40: Identify the correct statements concerning the respective genre: 

A. An epistle is a literary genre in the form of letter.

B. Epigraph is an inscription on funeral monument.

C. Epigram is a short, pithy poem wittily expressed.

D. Epitaph is a formal statement in the beginning of a literary work

E. Epyllion is a short poem in the meter of an epic poetry.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B and C only

(b) B, D and A only

(c) A, C and E only

(d) D, C and E only

Ans: c

Sol: 

• An epistle is indeed a literary genre in the form of a letter.
• An epigram is a short, pithy poem wittily expressed.
• Epyllion is a short poem in the meter of epic poetry.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Epigraph is not an inscription on a funeral monument, but rather a phrase, quotation, or poem that is set at the beginning of a document or component.
• Epitaph is an inscription on a tombstone or monument in memory of the person buried there.

Q41: Which of the statements given below are true? 

A. The centre for contemporary Cultural Studies was established in Berkley in 1960.

B. Jurgen Habermas traces the rise of the public sphere to the rise of print culture.

C. Paul Gilroy introduced the concept of the Black Atlantic.

D. Adorno praises the alien nature of avant-garde modernist art such as the atonal music of Schoenberg.

E. Chutnification was a term used by Edward Soja.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B and C only

(b) B, C and D only

(c) C, D and E only

(d) A, B and D only

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies was actually established at the University of Birmingham in 1964, not Berkeley in 1960.
• Jurgen Habermas does indeed trace the rise of the public sphere to the rise of print culture.
• Paul Gilroy introduced the concept of the Black Atlantic.
• Adorno did praise the alien nature of avant-garde modernist art, including the atonal music of Schoenberg.
• Chutnification is a term used by Salman Rushdie, not Edward Soja.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Jurgen Habermas: A German sociologist and philosopher in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism.
• Paul Gilroy: A British historian, writer, and academic, best known for his work on race and the black Atlantic.
• Theodor Adorno: A German philosopher, sociologist, and musicologist known for his critical theory of society.

Q42: Chronologically arrange the following works according to the year of publication. 

A. Gauri Viswanathan's Masks of Conquest.

B. Meenakshi Mukherjee's The Twice Born Fiction.

C. G. N. Devy's After Amnesia

D. M. K. Naik's A History of Indian English Literature

E. Harish Trivedi's Colonial Transactions

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C, D, E

(b) E, D, C, B, A

(c) C, A, D, B, A

(d) B, D, A, C, E

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• Meenakshi Mukherjee's The Twice Born Fiction was published in 1971.
• M. K. Naik's A History of Indian English Literature was published in 1982.
• Gauri Viswanathan's Masks of Conquests was published in 1989.
• G. N. Devy's After Amnesia was published in 1992.
• Harish Trivedi's Colonial Transactions was published in 1993.

Therefore, the correct chronological order is Option 4: B, D, A, C, E.

Other Related Points

• Understanding the publication dates of significant literary works can provide insight into the evolution of literary criticism and theory over time.
• Each of these works has contributed to the discourse on post-colonial literature and the study of Indian English literature.

Q43: Identify the statements which are correct. 

A. The term 'Hanueur' is often associated with the poetry of Baudelaire.

B. The term 'Habitus' is associated with Pierre Bourdieu.

C. Michael Foucault is associated with the concept of 'Modernity: An Unfinished Project'

D. Frantz Fanon is associated with the term 'Imagined Community

E. The term 'Thick Description' is associated with Clifford Geertz.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only

(b) B and C only

(c) C and D only

(d) A and E only

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Statement A: The term 'Hanueur' is often associated with the poetry of Baudelaire. This is correct as Charles Baudelaire’s poetry often evokes a sense of ennui or 'hanueur'.
• Statement B: The term 'Habitus' is associated with Pierre Bourdieu. This is correct as Pierre Bourdieu introduced the concept of 'Habitus' to describe the deeply ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions that we possess due to our life experiences.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Statement C: Michael Foucault is not associated with the concept of 'Modernity: An Unfinished Project'; this concept is related to Jürgen Habermas.
• Statement D: Frantz Fanon is associated with the term 'Imagined Community', which is incorrect as this term is associated with Benedict Anderson.
• Statement E: The term 'Thick Description' is associated with Clifford Geertz, not Clifford Geertz.

Q44: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(b) A - III, B - II, C - IV, D - I

(c) A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV

(d) A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• Mikhail Bakhtin: Known for his concept of "Dialogue as the intrinsic feature of language."
• Michel Foucault: Associated with "Archeology of the Human Sciences."
• Roland Barthes: Famous for his idea that "Text can be either readerly or writerly."
• Sigmund Freud: Renowned for his exploration of "Dreams and the unconscious."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Mikhail Bakhtin: A Russian philosopher and literary critic whose works have had a significant influence on literary theory, especially the concept of dialogism.
• Michel Foucault: A French philosopher and social theorist known for his critical studies of various social institutions and his work on the history of human sciences.
• Roland Barthes: A French literary theorist, philosopher, and critic, whose works are key texts in the fields of semiotics and structuralism.
• Sigmund Freud: An Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.

Q45: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

(b) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

(c) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

(d) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• A. My Days with Gandhi - II. N. K. Basu
• B. Among the Great - I. D. K. Roy
• C. Life of Sri Aurobindo - IV. A. B. Purani
• D. Rabindranath Tagore - III. Krishna Kripalani

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• D. K. Roy is known for his work "Among the Great."
• N. K. Basu is the author of "My Days with Gandhi."
• A. B. Purani wrote "Life of Sri Aurobindo."
• Krishna Kripalani authored the book on "Rabindranath Tagore."

Q46: Who is the best known figure amongst the following for articulating the concept of 'Negritude' ? 

(a) Edward Said

(b) Aime Cesaire

(c) William Jones

(d) Anna Rutherford

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Aime Cesaire.

• Aime Cesaire was a Martinican poet, author, and politician who is best known for founding the Negritude movement in Francophone literature.
• He co-founded the literary review "L'Étudiant noir" (The Black Student), which was a platform for the Negritude movement.
• The concept of Negritude was articulated as a response to the dehumanization of black people under colonial rule and aimed to reclaim African cultural identity and heritage.
• Cesaire's notable works include the poem "Notebook of a Return to the Native Land" (Cahier d'un retour au pays natal), which is considered a seminal work of the Negritude movement.
• His writings were influential in the development of post-colonial identity and the assertion of black pride and cultural heritage.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Frantz Fanon: A French West Indian psychiatrist and political philosopher known for his works on post-colonial studies, such as "Black Skin, White Masks" and "The Wretched of the Earth."
• Leopold Sedar Senghor: A Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who was also a co-founder of the Negritude movement.
• Jean-Paul Sartre: A French existentialist philosopher who supported and wrote about the Negritude movement, notably in his essay "Black Orpheus."

Q47: Functional Communicative Approach in English Language Teaching is in opposition to the: 

(a) Comprehensive Approach

(b) Grammar Translation Method

(c) Functional Approach

(d) Structural Approach

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Grammar Translation Method.

• The Functional Communicative Approach in English Language Teaching focuses on using language as a tool for communication rather than merely learning grammar rules and vocabulary.
• It emphasizes the practical use of language in real-life situations and encourages learners to develop their communicative competence.
• The Grammar Translation Method, on the other hand, is a traditional approach that prioritizes the learning of grammatical rules and the translation of sentences between the target language and the native language.
• This method often involves rote memorization and does not focus on developing the ability to use the language in practical communicative contexts.
• The Functional Communicative Approach is thus in opposition to the Grammar Translation Method as it aims to go beyond grammar and translation to foster effective communication.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Comprehensive Approach: It refers to an inclusive approach that integrates various teaching methods to cater to different learning styles.
• Functional Approach: This is similar to the Functional Communicative Approach, focusing on practical language use.
• Structural Approach: This approach emphasizes the learning of language structures and patterns, which is also different from the Functional Communicative Approach.

Q48: Identify the one who was not a 'New Critic' : 

(a) Allen Tate

(b) Robert Penn Warren

(c) Cleanth Brooks

(d) Claude Levi-Strauss

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Claude Levi-Strauss.

• Claude Levi-Strauss was a French anthropologist and ethnologist whose work was key in the development of structuralism and structural anthropology.
• He is best known for his book "Tristes Tropiques" and his work on the theory of structuralism in cultural anthropology.
• Levi-Strauss's ideas focused on the structures underlying human culture, including myths, kinship, and languages.
• Unlike the New Critics, who focused primarily on the text itself, Levi-Strauss's work involved broader cultural and social analysis.
• His contributions significantly influenced the fields of anthropology, sociology, and literary theory, but he is not considered a New Critic.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Allen Tate, Robert Penn Warren, and Cleanth Brooks are all associated with the New Criticism movement, which emphasized close reading and analysis of the text itself, rather than historical or biographical contexts.
• New Criticism emerged in the early to mid-20th century and sought to establish a more scientific and objective approach to literary analysis.

Q49: Which of the following is an elegy on John Donne's wife who died in 1617? 

(a) "Death be not Proud"

(b) "Thou Hast Made Me"

(c) "Holy Sonnet 17"

(d) "At the Round Earth's Imagined Corners"

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Holy Sonnet 17.

• "Holy Sonnet 17" is an elegy written by John Donne after the death of his wife, Anne More Donne, in 1617.
• John Donne was an English poet, scholar, soldier, and cleric, known for his metaphysical poetry.
• In "Holy Sonnet 17," Donne expresses his deep sorrow and mourning for his wife's death and reflects on the nature of grief and divine love.
• The poem is part of a collection known as the "Holy Sonnets," which are deeply religious and explore themes of mortality, divine judgment, and redemption.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• "Death be not Proud" is another famous poem by John Donne, but it is not an elegy on his wife's death; rather, it is a meditation on the powerlessness of death.
• "Thou Hast Made Me" and "At the Round Earth's Imagined Corners" are also part of Donne's religious poetry but do not specifically address the death of his wife.

Q50: Which of the following poems uses "terza rima"? 

(a) John Keats' "Ode to a Nightingale"

(b) P. B. Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind"

(c) William Worlsworth's "The Solitary Reaper"

(d) Alfred Tennyson's "Ulysses"

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is P. B. Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind".

• Terza rima is a rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme.
• Percy Bysshe Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind" is written in terza rima.
• The structure of terza rima is ABA BCB CDC, etc.
• Shelley’s use of this form in "Ode to the West Wind" adds to the lyrical and flowing nature of the poem.
• This form was first used by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri in his "Divine Comedy".

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• John Keats' "Ode to a Nightingale" is written in a regular stanzaic form with ten-line stanzas.
• William Wordsworth's "The Solitary Reaper" is written in four eight-line stanzas.
• Alfred Tennyson's "Ulysses" is written in blank verse, which is unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Q51: What is 'Practical Criticism"? 

(a) The close analysis of literary texts in such a way as to bring out their political meaning.

(b) A movement which wished to make literary criticism more relevant.

(c) The close analysis of poems without taking account of any external information.

(d) The study of ambiguity.

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is The close analysis of poems without taking account of any external information.

• Practical Criticism is a method of literary analysis developed by I.A. Richards in the 1920s.
• This approach focuses on the close reading of literary texts, particularly poems, without considering the author's biography, historical context, or any external information.
• The aim is to examine the text itself and understand its meaning, structure, and the use of language purely on its own terms.
• Richards believed that this method would help readers develop a more nuanced and detailed understanding of literature.
• Practical Criticism has been influential in the development of formalist and New Criticism approaches in literary studies.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• I.A. Richards: An English literary critic and rhetorician, Richards was a pioneer in the field of practical criticism and a key figure in the development of modern literary theory.
• Close Reading: A technique of critical analysis that emphasizes careful, detailed interpretation of a text.
• New Criticism: A literary movement that emerged in the early 20th century, advocating for the analysis of texts without considering external factors such as authorial intent or historical context.

Q52: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - I, B - IV, C - III, D - II

(b) A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV

(c) A - IV, B - II, C - I, D - III

(d) A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• The Childhood of Jesus is a novel by J. M. Coetzee.
• The Go-Between is a novel by L. P. Hartley.
• Brideshead Revisited is a novel by Evelyn Waugh.
• The Catcher in the Rye is a novel by J. D. Salinger.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• J. M. Coetzee is a South African writer known for his critical examinations of social injustice and oppression.
• L. P. Hartley was an English novelist known for his books exploring themes of innocence and experience.
• Evelyn Waugh was an English writer of novels, biographies, and travel books, known for his satirical works.
• J. D. Salinger was an American writer best known for his widely read novel, "The Catcher in the Rye."

Q53: Arrange the following in the chronological order of their year of publication. 

A. Deconstruction and Criticism

B. Multiculturalism: Roots and Realities

C. Literary Theory and the Claims of History

D. The Western Canon

E. An Appetite for Poetry

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) D, C, E, B, A

(b) A, E, D, C, B

(c) A, B, C, D, E

(d) C, D, B, A, E

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Deconstruction and Criticism was published in 1979, making it the earliest publication among the listed works.
• An Appetite for Poetry was published in 1989, coming after "Deconstruction and Criticism".
• The Western Canon was published in 1994, following "An Appetite for Poetry".
• Literary Theory and the Claims of History was published in 1996, after "The Western Canon".
• Multiculturalism: Roots and Realities was published in 1998, making it the most recent publication among the listed works.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2 (A, E, D, C, B).

Other Related Points

• Publication years are crucial for understanding the development of literary theory and criticism over time.
• Chronological order helps trace the evolution of ideas and their influence on subsequent works.
• Knowing the publication years can provide context for the historical and cultural backdrop of each work.

Q54: Arrange the following novels of D. H. Lawrence in chronological order of their year of publication:- 

A. Women in Love

B. The White Peacock

C. Sons and Lovers

D. The Rainbow

E. The Trespasser

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C, D, E

(b) E, C, D, A, B

(c) B, E, C, D, A

(d) C, A, E, D, B

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• The White Peacock (1911) was D. H. Lawrence's first novel.
• The Trespasser (1912) was his second published novel.
• Sons and Lovers (1913) is considered one of his greatest works, focusing on the complexities of family and romantic relationships.
• The Rainbow (1915) explores themes of sexual desire and the individual's quest for personal fulfillment.
• Women in Love (1920) is a sequel to "The Rainbow" and continues to explore complex relationships and individualism.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• D. H. Lawrence was an English writer and poet known for his novels, short stories, poems, plays, essays, travel books, and letters.
• His works often explore the dehumanizing effects of modernity and industrialization, as well as sexuality, emotional health, and instinct.
• Lawrence's work, which was controversial at the time of its release, has had a lasting impact on literature and continues to be studied and appreciated today.

Q55: Identify all the Australian Aboriginal writers out of the following: 

A. Kim Scott

B. Peter Carey

C. Oodgeroo Noonuccal

D. Kevin Gilbert

E. Derek Walcott

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, C and D only

(b) C, D and E only

(c) A, C and D only

(d) B, A and E only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• Kim Scott is an Australian Aboriginal writer of Noongar descent, known for his novels such as "Benang" and "That Deadman Dance."
• Oodgeroo Noonuccal, formerly known as Kath Walker, was a political activist and a poet of the Noonuccal people, known for her works that highlight the struggles of Aboriginal Australians.
• Kevin Gilbert was an Aboriginal Australian author, activist, and artist from the Wiradjuri nation, known for his works such as "Living Black" and "Because a White Man'll Never Do It."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Peter Carey is an Australian writer, but not of Aboriginal descent. He is known for his works such as "Oscar and Lucinda" and "True History of the Kelly Gang."
• Derek Walcott was a Saint Lucian poet and playwright, not an Australian Aboriginal writer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1992.

Q56: Identify the correct options from the following statements: 

A. Ecocriticism has often explained the 'human and non-human webs of interrelation.'

B. In Ecocriticism, human accountability to the environment is part of the text's ethical orientation.

C. Ecocriticism foregrounds the notion of an interplay between environment and the body.

D. There is only one wave of Ecocriticism.

E. Ecocriticism has not tackled the issue of gender.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C only

(b) B, C, D only

(c) A. C, D only

(d) A, B, D, E only

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Ecocriticism has often explained the 'human and non-human webs of interrelation' (Statement A).
• In Ecocriticism, human accountability to the environment is part of the text's ethical orientation (Statement B).
• Ecocriticism foregrounds the notion of an interplay between environment and the body (Statement C).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1 (A, B, C only).

Other Related Points

• Ecocriticism has seen multiple waves, not just one (contradicting Statement D).
• Ecocriticism has addressed the issue of gender, particularly in ecofeminism (contradicting Statement E).

Q57: Which of the following works of R. K. Narayan were published after independence? 

A. The Dark Room

B. The English Teacher

C. The Financial Expert

D. Swami and Friends

E. The Guide

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only

(b) B and D only

(c) C and E only

(d) A and D only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• R. K. Narayan was a prominent Indian author known for his works set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi.
• The works mentioned in the question are some of his notable novels.
• "The Dark Room" was published in 1938, before India's independence in 1947.
• "The English Teacher" was published in 1945, also before independence.
• "The Financial Expert" was published in 1952, after independence.
• "Swami and Friends" was published in 1935, before independence.
• "The Guide" was published in 1958, after independence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3 (C and E only).

Other Related Points

• "The Financial Expert" is often regarded as one of Narayan's best novels, providing a satirical look at the world of finance through the character of Margayya.
• "The Guide" is a critically acclaimed novel that won the Sahitya Akademi Award and was adapted into a successful film in 1965.

Q58: Who said "The introduction of foreigners does not necessarily destroy the nation, they merge in it" ? 

(a) Frantz Fanon

(b) Leopold Senghor

(c) Sri Aurobindo

(d) M. K. Gandhi

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is 'M. K. Gandhi'.

• M. K. Gandhi, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was a leading figure in the Indian independence movement.
• Gandhi emphasized the principles of non-violence (ahimsa) and peaceful coexistence.
• He believed in the idea of multiculturalism and the harmonious integration of various communities.
• The quote reflects Gandhi's inclusive vision, where the presence of foreigners can contribute to the cultural and social fabric of the nation.
• Gandhi's broader philosophical stance was that genuine unity within diversity strengthens a nation.
• His thoughts on cultural assimilation and mutual respect between different groups were central to his idea of a cohesive and resilient society.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Other Related Points

• Frantz Fanon: Known for his writings on the psychological effects of colonization and advocacy for decolonization.
• Leopold Senghor: Focused on the concept of Négritude and African cultural identity.
• Sri Aurobindo: An Indian philosopher, poet, and nationalist who wrote on spiritual and evolutionary themes.

Q59: Who among the following has written the poem, "Jejuri"? 

(a) Michael Madhusudan Dutt

(b) Kamala Das

(c) Arun Kolatkar

(d) Toru Dutt

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Arun Kolatkar.

• Arun Kolatkar was an Indian poet who wrote in both Marathi and English.
• His collection of poems, "Jejuri," is one of his most famous works and won the Commonwealth Writers' Prize in 1977.
• "Jejuri" is a series of poems that explore the town of Jejuri, known for its pilgrimage center dedicated to the Hindu god Khandoba.
• The poems in "Jejuri" are noted for their vivid imagery, sharp observations, and wit.
• Kolatkar's work reflects a deep understanding of Indian culture and traditions, while also incorporating modernist influences.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Michael Madhusudan Dutt: A 19th-century Bengali poet and playwright, known for his epic poem "Meghnad Badh Kavya."
• Kamala Das: An Indian poet and author, known for her works in English and Malayalam, such as "My Story."
• Toru Dutt: A 19th-century Indian poet who wrote in English and French, known for her collection "Ancient Ballads and Legends of Hindustan."

Q60: Which of the following novels deal with the theme of apartheid? 

A. Purple Hibiscus

B. July's People

C. Cry, the Beloved Country

D. The Mimic Men

E. My Son's Story

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) C and E only

(b) A, C and D only

(c) B, C and E only

(d) A and B only

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is B, C and E only.

• July's People by Nadine Gordimer is a novel that deals with the theme of apartheid, depicting the collapse of the apartheid regime in South Africa and its impact on both the oppressed and the oppressors.
• Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton addresses the social and racial injustices in South Africa under apartheid, focusing on the struggles of a black priest and his son.
• My Son's Story by Nadine Gordimer explores the effects of apartheid on a family, portraying the personal and political struggles within the oppressive regime.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie deals with themes of domestic violence and political instability in Nigeria, but not specifically apartheid.
• The Mimic Men by V.S. Naipaul explores themes of colonialism and identity, but it does not focus on apartheid.

Q61: Arrange the following works of literature chronologically based on their year of publication: 

A. The English Patient

B. The Swinging Bridge

C. Lives of Girls and Women

D. Family Matters

E. Birnam Wood

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) D, B, A, C, E

(b) B, A, D, C, E

(c) C, B, D, A, E

(d) C, A, D, B, E

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is 'C, A, D, B, E'.

• "Lives of Girls and Women" by Alice Munro (1971)
• This book is a collection of interrelated short stories published by Alice Munro, a celebrated Canadian author.
• "The English Patient" by Michael Ondaatje (1992)
• A notable novel set during the Italian Campaign of World War II, it won the Booker Prize.
• "Family Matters" by Rohinton Mistry (2002)
• A novel that explores family dynamics and the socio-political environment of India in the 1990s.
• "The Swinging Bridge" by Ramabai Espinet (2003)
• This novel deals with themes of identity, history, and migration within a Caribbean-Canadian context.
• "Birnam Wood" by Eleanor Catton (2023)
• The latest publication among the listed works, this book highlights Catton's ongoing contribution to contemporary literature.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Other Related Points

• Option 1: Lists "Family Matters" first, which is published in 2002, not the earliest.
• Option 2: Incorrect sequence with "The Swinging Bridge" before "The English Patient".
• Option 3: Incorrect as it places "The Swinging Bridge" (2003) before "Family Matters" (2002).

Q62: Which of the following texts has been written by Rabindranath Tagore? 

(a) Tiger-Claw

(b) Chandalika

(c) A Touch of Brightness

(d) Image Breakers

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Chandalika.

• Chandalika is a play written by the renowned Indian poet, writer, and philosopher Rabindranath Tagore.
• Tagore was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems titled "Gitanjali".
• His works often explore themes of spirituality, humanity, and the social and political issues of his time.
• Chandalika, written in 1933, is a powerful narrative that addresses issues of caste discrimination and the quest for human dignity.
• Tagore's literary contributions span across various forms including poetry, short stories, novels, plays, and essays.
• He is also known for composing the national anthems of both India ("Jana Gana Mana") and Bangladesh ("Amar Shonar Bangla").

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Tiger-Claw: This text is not associated with Rabindranath Tagore.
• A Touch of Brightness: A play by Indian playwright Partap Sharma, not related to Tagore.
• Image Breakers: A collection of short stories by Indian author Anuradha Marwah-Roy, not written by Tagore.

Q63: Which of the following is not matched correctly? 

(a) Ira De: The Hunt and Other Poems

(b) Margaret Chatterjee: The Spring and the Spectacle

(c) Tapati Mookerji: The Golden Road to Samarkand

(d) Tilottama Ranjan: Poems of Govindagraj

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Tapati Mookerji: The Golden Road to Samarkand.

• Ira De: The Hunt and Other Poems
• Ira De authored "The Hunt and Other Poems," a collection of poems that addresses various themes.
• Margaret Chatterjee: The Spring and the Spectacle
• Margaret Chatterjee is indeed the author of "The Spring and the Spectacle," a notable work in her collection.
• Tilottama Ranjan: Poems of Govindagraj
• Tilottama Ranjan is known for translating "Poems of Govindagraj," reflecting the works of the distinguished Marathi poet Govindagraj.
• Tapati Mookerji: The Golden Road to Samarkand
• This is the incorrect match. "The Golden Road to Samarkand" is not associated with Tapati Mookerji.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'

Q64: Which of the following are correct according to the MLA Handbook, 9th edition? 

A. One inch margin on all sides is compulsory in a research page.

B. Co-ordinating conjunctions are written in bold letters in the title of a research paper.

C. Slash is used between two nouns paired as opposites.

D. 'Hanging indent' in the work cited entry is 1⁄2 inches.

E. Subordinating conjunctions are not written in bold letters in the title of the research paper.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, C and D only

(b) B, D and A only

(c) C, D and E only

(d) B, C and E only

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• According to the MLA Handbook, 9th edition, a one-inch margin on all sides is compulsory in a research page (Statement A).
• The use of a slash between two nouns paired as opposites is correct (Statement C).
• The 'Hanging indent' in the work cited entry should be 1/2 inches (Statement D).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Coordinating conjunctions and subordinating conjunctions should not be written in bold letters in the title of a research paper (Statements B and E are incorrect).

Q65: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

(b) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

(c) A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

(d) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Henry Miller is known for his work "Tropic of Cancer".
• John Steinbeck wrote the classic novel "The Grapes of Wrath".
• James Jones is the author of "From Here to Eternity".
• James Baldwin penned "No Name in the Streets".

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2: A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Other Related Points

• Henry Miller's "Tropic of Cancer" is a groundbreaking work in literary history, known for its candid depiction of life in Paris.
• John Steinbeck's "The Grapes of Wrath" is a Pulitzer Prize-winning novel that highlights the struggles of American farmers during the Great Depression.
• James Jones' "From Here to Eternity" is a powerful novel about soldiers stationed in Hawaii before the attack on Pearl Harbor.
• James Baldwin's "No Name in the Streets" is a poignant and reflective memoir about his experiences as a black man in America.

Q66: Arrange the following in chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. Nation and Narration

B. The Dialogic Imagination

C. Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter

D. Discourse on Colonialism

E. Orientalism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) D, C, E, A, B

(b) D, C, B, A, E

(c) C, E, B, A, D

(d) A, B, C, D, E

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Discourse on Colonialism by Aimé Césaire was published in 1950. It is an early postcolonial critique of colonialism.
• Orientalism by Edward Said was published in 1978, critically examining Western representations of the East.
• The Dialogic Imagination by Mikhail Bakhtin was published in 1981, a collection of essays on the theory of the novel and dialogism.
• Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter edited by Talal Asad came out in 1988, discussing anthropology’s relationship with colonialism.
• Nation and Narration, edited by Homi K. Bhabha, was published in 1990, focusing on nationalism and postcolonial theory.

Other Related Points

• Discourse on Colonialism is a foundational text in postcolonial studies, critiquing the destructive impacts of colonialism.
• Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter examines the relationship between anthropology and colonialism.
• Orientalism is a seminal work that critiques Western perceptions and representations of the East.
• Nation and Narration explores the concept of nationhood and its representation in literature.
• The Dialogic Imagination discusses the concept of dialogism and its role in narrative theory.

Q67: Who is the critic associated with the term 'Blue Humanities'?

(a) Hannah Arendt

(b) Stephan Hertz

(c) Thomas R. Cole

(d) Nathan Carlin

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Stephan Hertz.

• Stephan Hertz is a prominent critic and scholar associated with the term 'Blue Humanities'.
• The 'Blue Humanities' is an interdisciplinary field that explores the cultural, social, and historical significance of the sea and maritime environments.
• Hertz's work in this area examines the relationship between humans and the ocean, emphasizing the ecological and existential aspects of this connection.
• His contributions have been influential in highlighting the importance of the marine environment in human history and culture.
• The term 'Blue Humanities' encourages a deeper understanding of the ocean's role in shaping human experiences and narratives.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Hannah Arendt: A political theorist known for her works on totalitarianism and the nature of power.
• Thomas R. Cole: A scholar in the field of medical humanities and the study of aging.
• Nathan Carlin: Known for his contributions to medical humanities and ethics.

Q68: In which year was Raja Rao's Kanthapura published? 

(a) 1938

(b) 1960

(c) 1965

(d) 1947

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is 1938.

• Kanthapura is a novel by Indian author Raja Rao.
• It was first published in the year 1938.
• The novel is a seminal work in Indian English literature and is known for its depiction of the Indian independence movement through the eyes of ordinary villagers.
• Raja Rao's narrative style in Kanthapura is significant for its use of Indian idioms and cultural references, which brought a unique voice to Indian English literature.
• The book remains an important text for understanding the socio-political landscape of India during the pre-independence era.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Raja Rao (1908–2006) was an Indian writer of English-language novels and short stories, whose works are deeply rooted in Indian philosophy and culture.
• He was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 1988.
• Raja Rao's other notable works include "The Serpent and the Rope" and "The Cat and Shakespeare."

Q69: Arrange the following works in the chronological order their year of publication: 

A. Orientalism

B. Black Skin, White Masks

C. Masks of Conquest

D. The Wretched of the Earth

E. "Can the Subaltern Speak?"

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, D, A, C, E

(b) D, B, A, E, C

(c) C, B, D, A, E

(d) A, C, B, E, A

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is B, D, A, C, E.

• Black Skin, White Masks by Frantz Fanon was published in 1952. It explores the psychological impact of colonialism and racism.
• The Wretched of the Earth by Frantz Fanon followed in 1961, discussing decolonization and revolutionary struggle.
• Orientalism by Edward Said was published in 1978, critiquing Western constructions of the East.
• Masks of Conquest by Gauri Viswanathan came out in 1989, examining colonialism’s influence on English literary education.
• “Can the Subaltern Speak?” by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak was published in 1988, analyzing the voice and representation of marginalized groups.
• The chronological sequence based on year of publication is: Black Skin, White Masks (1952) → The Wretched of the Earth (1961) → Orientalism (1978) → Can the Subaltern Speak? (1988) → Masks of Conquest (1989)

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Option 2 incorrectly places The Wretched of the Earth before Black Skin, White Masks.
• Option 3 and 4 have incorrect ordering and repetition.
• Note that Can the Subaltern Speak? (1988) was published slightly before Masks of Conquest (1989), which is reflected in Option 1’s sequence.

Q70: In which of the texts, the following lines occur? 

"Of all the causes which conspire to blind

Man's erring judgement, and misguide the mind,

What the weak head with strongest bias rules,

Is pride, the never failing vice of fools."

(a) An Essay on Criticism

(b) The Rape of the Lock

(c) An Essay on Man

(d) Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is An Essay on Criticism.

• "An Essay on Criticism" is a poem by Alexander Pope, first published in 1709.
• This work is notable for its discussion on literary criticism and its exploration of the qualities necessary for a good critic.
• The lines in question highlight the theme of human pride and its impact on judgment and intellect.
• Pope's poem is composed in heroic couplets and is known for its witty and satirical tone.
• The poem emphasizes the importance of humility, learning, and good judgment in the realm of criticism.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• "The Rape of the Lock" is another poem by Alexander Pope, known for its mock-heroic style and humorous take on a minor social scandal.
• "An Essay on Man" is a philosophical poem by Pope, exploring themes of human nature and the universe.
• "Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot" is a satirical poem by Pope, addressing his friend and physician, and critiquing the literary culture of his time.

Q71: What does deductive method of reasoning refer to? 

(a) From general to particular

(b) From particular to general

(c) From linear to circular

(d) From circular to linear

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is From general to particular.

• Deductive reasoning is a logical process in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. The conclusion is a specific instance of the broader premise.
• This method starts with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion.
• It is often referred to as a top-down approach because it moves from the general to the specific.
• An example of deductive reasoning is: "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal."
• Deductive reasoning is used in various fields, including mathematics, logic, and natural sciences, to derive logically certain conclusions.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Inductive reasoning: This is the opposite of deductive reasoning and involves going from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. It is often referred to as a bottom-up approach.
• Linear to circular and circular to linear: These terms are not typically used in the context of logical reasoning methods.

Q72: The line "Thou still unravished bride of quietness" presents which of the following rhetorical figures? 

(a) Anastrophe

(b) Apostrophe

(c) Anaphora

(d) Chiasmus

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is 'Apostrophe'.

• Apostrophe is a rhetorical device in which a speaker directly addresses an absent person, an abstract idea, or an inanimate object.
• In the line "Thou still unravished bride of quietness," the speaker addresses the Grecian Urn directly.
• The urn symbolizes an unchanging, eternal piece of art and is addressed as if it were a person.
• This direct address creates a sense of intimacy and immediacy, drawing the reader into the speaker's contemplation.
• By personifying the urn, the speaker attributes human qualities to it, enhancing its significance within the poem.
• The use of apostrophe emphasizes the silent and enduring nature of the urn, which silently speaks volumes about the themes of beauty and permanence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Other Related Points

• Anastrophe: Involves the inversion of the normal word order, which is not the primary feature of the given line.
• Anaphora: The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses, which does not apply to this line.
• Chiasmus: A rhetorical figure in which concepts are repeated in reverse order, not relevant to the direct address in the line

Q73: Langston Hughes' poem "I too Sing America" is a response to which of the following poets? 

(a) Herman Melville

(b) Walt Whitman

(c) Henry David Thoreau

(d) Emily Dickinson

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Walt Whitman.

• Langston Hughes' poem "I, Too, Sing America" is a powerful response to Walt Whitman's poem "I Hear America Singing."
• Hughes' poem addresses the racial inequalities and injustices faced by African Americans, contrasting Whitman's celebration of American democracy and diversity.
• While Whitman's poem depicts a harmonious and inclusive vision of America, Hughes' poem highlights the exclusion and marginalization of Black Americans.
• Hughes' work emphasizes the importance of recognizing and including all voices in the American narrative, challenging the notion of a singular, unified American identity.
• Through "I, Too, Sing America," Hughes asserts the rightful place of African Americans within the national fabric and calls for social justice and equality.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Walt Whitman: An American poet, essayist, and journalist, known for his work "Leaves of Grass," which celebrates democracy, nature, love, and friendship.
• Herman Melville: An American novelist, short story writer, and poet, best known for his novel "Moby-Dick."
• Henry David Thoreau: An American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher, known for his book "Walden" and his essay "Civil Disobedience."
• Emily Dickinson: An American poet, known for her reclusive life and her posthumously published poetry, which explores themes of death, immortality, and nature.

Q74: Arrange the following in the chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. "The Tyger"

B. "The Solitary Reaper"

C. "Adonais"

D. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner"

E. "Ode to Autumn"

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) B, C, D, E, A

(b) C, D, E, A, B

(c) A, D, B, E, C

(d) D. A, E, B, C

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is Option 3.

• "The Tyger" by William Blake was published in 1794.
• "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" by Samuel Taylor Coleridge was published in 1798.
• "The Solitary Reaper" by William Wordsworth was published in 1807.
• "Ode to Autumn" by John Keats was published in 1820.
• "Adonais" by Percy Bysshe Shelley was published in 1821.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• "The Tyger" is one of the most famous poems from William Blake's "Songs of Experience".
• "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" is considered one of the greatest works of English literature and is a key work in the Romantic movement.
• "The Solitary Reaper" was inspired by Wordsworth's trip to Scotland in 1803.
• "Ode to Autumn" is often regarded as the most perfect poem in the English language.
• "Adonais" is an elegy for John Keats, who had died the previous year.

Q75: Arrange the following in chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. Fraser's Magazine

B. The Spectator

C. The Westminster Review

D. The Quarterly Review

E. Edinburgh Review

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C, D, E

(b) C, D, E, A, B

(c) E, D, C, B, A

(d) D, C, A, B, E

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is E, D, C, B, A.

• Edinburgh Review was established in 1802, making it the earliest among the listed publications.
• The Quarterly Review was founded in 1809 as a conservative literary and political magazine.
• The Westminster Review began publication in 1824 and was known for its association with radical and utilitarian ideas.
• The Spectator was first published in 1828 as a weekly magazine focusing on politics and culture.
• Fraser's Magazine started in 1830, known for literary and political commentary.
• The chronological order of their year of publication is: Edinburgh Review (1802) → Quarterly Review (1809) → Westminster Review (1824) → The Spectator (1828) → Fraser's Magazine (1830)

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

Other Related Points

• Option 1 incorrectly lists Fraser's Magazine before The Spectator and Westminster Review.
• Option 2 has an incorrect order, starting with Westminster Review instead of Edinburgh Review.
• Option 4 wrongly places Quarterly Review before Westminster Review but reverses the later order.

Q76: Identify the statements which are true for Psychoanalytic Criticism. 

A. The premises and procedures were established by Sigmund Freud.

B. Freud posited that artists are like neurotic patients.

C. Freud posited that "Psychoanalysis' can be used to account for many developments and practices in the history of civilization.

D. A repressed wish does not become fantasy.

E. Freud proposed that literature and other arts manifest the repressed subconscious and unconscious drives of the artist.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B and D only

(b) A, B and C only

(c) B, A and D only

(d) A, C and E only

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Psychoanalytic Criticism is a literary approach that draws on the theories of Sigmund Freud to understand the unconscious motives of authors and characters.
• Option A is true because Sigmund Freud established the premises and procedures of psychoanalysis, which is foundational for Psychoanalytic Criticism.
• Option B is true as Freud likened artists to neurotic patients, suggesting that their creative works are expressions of their unconscious desires and unresolved conflicts.
• Option C is true because Freud believed that psychoanalysis could explain many aspects of human civilization, including cultural and artistic practices.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Option D is incorrect because a repressed wish often becomes manifest in fantasies, according to Freudian theory.
• Option E is correct as Freud proposed that literature and arts can reveal the artist's repressed subconscious and unconscious drives, but it is not included in Option 2.

Q77: Which of the following is not correctly matched? 

(a) Seamus Heaney: "Digging"

(b) Audre Lorde: "Coal"

(c) Dom Moraes: "Kanheri Caves"

(d) John Updike : "The Swan"

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is John Updike: "The Swan".

• Seamus Heaney was an Irish poet, playwright, and translator, known for his poem "Digging."
• Audre Lorde was an American writer, feminist, womanist, librarian, and civil rights activist, known for her poem "Coal."
• Dom Moraes was an Indian writer, poet, and columnist, known for his poem "Kanheri Caves."
• John Updike was an American novelist, poet, short-story writer, art critic, and literary critic, but "The Swan" is not a notable work by him.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Q78: Which of the following is not a character in William Congreve's The Way of the World? 

(a) Fainall

(b) Mirabell

(c) Waitwell

(d) Peachum

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Peachum.

• "The Way of the World" is a play written by William Congreve, first performed in 1700.
• The characters in the play include Fainall, Mirabell, and Waitwell.
• Peachum, however, is not a character in "The Way of the World." He is a character in John Gay's "The Beggar's Opera," which was first performed in 1728.
• Peachum is a notorious fence and the leader of a gang of thieves in "The Beggar's Opera."
• The play "The Way of the World" is considered one of the best Restoration comedies, focusing on themes of love, marriage, and society.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• William Congreve (1670-1729) was an English playwright and poet of the Restoration period.
• His notable works include "Love for Love" and "The Mourning Bride."
• "The Way of the World" is renowned for its sharp wit and complex character interactions.

Q79: Arrange the following works of Francis Bacon in the chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. Advancement of Learning

B. De Augmentis Scientiarum

C. Novum Organum

D. The New Atlantis

E. History of Henry VII

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, C, E, B, D

(b) C, A, B, E, D

(c) A, B, E, D, C

(d) E, D, C, A, B

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney General and as Lord Chancellor of England.
• His works are credited with developing the scientific method and remained influential through the scientific revolution.
• The chronological order of the works of Francis Bacon is as follows:
  • A. Advancement of Learning (1605)
  • C. Novum Organum (1620)
  • E. History of Henry VII (1622)
  • B. De Augmentis Scientiarum (1623)
  • D. The New Atlantis (1627, posthumously published)

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Other Related Points

• Francis Bacon is often referred to as the father of empiricism.
• His works argued for the possibility of scientific knowledge based only upon inductive reasoning and careful observation of events in nature.
• Bacon's philosophy led to the development of the scientific method, which is still in use today.

Q80: Arrange the following steps of 'Decision making' in the research process: 

A. The choice of a research topic or theme.

B. Data collection

C. Analysis and interpretation of data.

D. Formulating the research problem.

E. Conceptualization and operationalization.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, D, C, B

(b) A, B, C, D, E

(c) D, C, A, B, E

(d) A, D, E, B, C

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• The decision-making process in research typically follows a structured sequence of steps.
• Starting with the choice of a research topic (A), researchers then move to formulating the research problem (D).
• This is followed by conceptualization and operationalization (E), where the research framework is developed.
• Next, data collection (B) is carried out to gather relevant information.
• Finally, the collected data is analyzed and interpreted (C) to derive conclusions.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Understanding the correct sequence of steps in the decision-making process is critical for conducting effective and systematic research.
• Each step builds on the previous one, ensuring that the research is grounded, well-planned, and yields reliable results.

Q81: The first folio of Shakespeare's plays appeared in: 

(a) 1664

(b) 1650

(c) 1631

(d) 1623

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is 1623.

• The first folio of Shakespeare's plays was published in 1623.
• It is considered one of the most important books in English literature, as it collected 36 of Shakespeare's plays.
• Without this publication, many of Shakespeare's plays might have been lost, as it included previously unpublished works.
• The first folio was compiled by John Heminges and Henry Condell, two of Shakespeare's fellow actors and friends.
• This folio is highly valued by collectors and scholars for its historical significance and contribution to preserving Shakespeare's work.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• The First Folio is officially titled "Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies."
• It was printed by Isaac Jaggard and Edward Blount.
• Only around 235 copies of the First Folio are known to survive today.
• The First Folio is a crucial source for many of Shakespeare's plays, including "Macbeth," "The Tempest," and "Julius Caesar."

Q82: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II

(b) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(c) A - IV, B - II, C - III, D - I

(d) A - II, B - III, C - I, D - IV

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is Option 1.

• Kamal Markandeya is known for her novel Possession.
• P. Sivakami authored the significant work The Grip of Change.
• Anita Desai's famous work is Cry, the Peacock.
• Raj Lakshmi Debi wrote The Enchanted Fruit.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1 (A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II).

Other Related Points

• Kamal Markandeya is also known for other works like Nectar in a Sieve.
• P. Sivakami is a Tamil writer and a prominent voice in Dalit literature.
• Anita Desai has been shortlisted for the Booker Prize three times.
• Raj Lakshmi Debi was an early 20th-century Indian writer whose works often explored themes of social reform and women's rights.

Q83: Identify the ones which are matched correctly. 

A. Barbara Christian: "The Race for Theory"

B. Alfred W. Crosby: "Unhiding the Hidden"

C. Paul Carter: "Naming Place"

D. Graham Huggan: "Ecological Imperialism"

E. Thomas B Macaulay: "Minutes on Indian Education"

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A and B only

(b) A, C and E only

(c) C and D only

(d) D and E only

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Option 2.

• Barbara Christian is known for her work "The Race for Theory," which discusses the role of theory in literature and the marginalization of African-American writers.
• Paul Carter is the author of "Naming Place," which explores how places are named and the significance of these names in historical and cultural contexts.
• Thomas B Macaulay is famous for his "Minutes on Indian Education," a document that played a crucial role in shaping British educational policy in India.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Alfred W. Crosby is known for "Ecological Imperialism," which discusses the environmental history and impact of European expansion.
• Graham Huggan is recognized for his work in postcolonial studies, but he is not the author of "Ecological Imperialism."

Q84: Arrange the following texts in chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. Coolie

B. The Big Heart

C. The Village

D. Two Leaves and a Bud

E. Seven Summers

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) D, C, B, A, E

(b) E, A, B, C, D

(c) A, B, C, D, E

(d) A, D, C, B, E

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is A, D, C, B, E.

• Coolie by Mulk Raj Anand was published in 1936. It is one of the earliest works that highlighted the exploitation of the working class in colonial India.
• Two Leaves and a Bud, also by Mulk Raj Anand, came out in 1937, continuing his focus on social realism and the struggles of plantation workers.
• The Village is generally recognized as a mid-20th-century text; it reflects rural life and social structures in India, and it appeared after Anand’s works (exact date varies, but usually placed in the 1940s–50s period).
• The Big Heart by Mahasweta Devi was published in 1983. This work explores the lives and struggles of tribal communities in India, emphasizing marginalized voices.
• Seven Summers by Nirmal Verma was published in 1991, making it the most recent among these texts. It is a semi-autobiographical novel focused on personal and social change.
• The chronological sequence moves from early 20th-century social realism to later 20th-century postcolonial and personal narratives.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Option 1 incorrectly places Two Leaves and a Bud before Coolie, which is historically inaccurate.
• Option 2 starts with Seven Summers, which is the most recent text, making it incorrect.
• Option 3 wrongly puts The Big Heart before Two Leaves and a Bud and The Village, disrupting the chronological order.

Q85: Choose the correct sequence of the following works of Pablo Neruda in chronological order:- 

A. Spain in the Heart

B. Book of Questions

C. The Inhabitant and His Hope

D. Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair

E. The Trying of Infinite Man

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) E, C, D, B, A

(b) A, B, C, D, E

(c) E, D, B, C, A

(d) B, D, E, C, A

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is 'E, D, C, A, B'.

• E: The Trying of Infinite Man (Crepusculario, 1923)
• This is one of the earliest published works of Pablo Neruda.
• D: Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair (Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada, 1924)
• Published shortly after "Crepusculario," it is one of Neruda's most famous works.
• C: The Inhabitant and His Hope (El habitante y su esperanza, 1926)
• This collection followed "Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair."
• A: Spain in the Heart (España en el corazón, 1937)
• Written during the Spanish Civil War, reflecting Neruda’s political engagement.
• B: Works and Book of Twilight (Libro de las preguntas, 1974)
• Published much later, it showcases Neruda's lifelong exploration of poetic themes.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Other Related Points

• Option 2: Incorrect order, placing later works before earlier ones.
• Option 3: Incorrect order, misplacing works out of their chronological sequence.
• Option 4: Incorrect order, does not follow the actual publication timeline

Q86: Who among the following illustrated the works of Thomas Gray and Robert Blair? 

(a) Thomas Percy

(b) William Blake

(c) Robert Burns

(d) William Cowper

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is William Blake.

• William Blake was an English poet, painter, and printmaker.
• He is considered one of the foremost figures of Romanticism and was largely unrecognized during his lifetime.
• Blake illustrated works by many other authors, including Thomas Gray and Robert Blair.
• His illustrations are known for their visionary and symbolic nature, often reflecting his own unique artistic style.
• Blake's work has had a lasting impact on both literature and visual art, and he is now considered one of the great contributors to the arts.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Thomas Percy: An English bishop and antiquarian, best known for his collection of ballads, "Reliques of Ancient English Poetry."
• Robert Burns: A Scottish poet and lyricist, widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland and known for works like "Auld Lang Syne" and "Tam o' Shanter."
• William Cowper: An English poet and hymnodist, known for his works such as "The Task" and his contributions to the Olney Hymns.

Q87: Arrange the following works in the chronological sequence of their year of publication: 

A. Matthew Arnold's Culture and Anarchy

B. Thomas Browne's The Anatomy of Melancholy

C. P. B. Shelley's Defence of Poetry

D. Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan

E. Walter Pater's Studies in the History of the Renaissance

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A, B, C, D, E

(b) D, C, B, A, E

(c) B, C, E, A, D

(d) B, D, C, A, E

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• Thomas Browne's "The Anatomy of Melancholy" was published in 1621.
• Thomas Hobbes' "Leviathan" was published in 1651.
• P. B. Shelley's "Defence of Poetry" was published in 1821.
• Matthew Arnold's "Culture and Anarchy" was published in 1869.
• Walter Pater's "Studies in the History of the Renaissance" was published in 1873.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Thomas Browne's "The Anatomy of Melancholy" is known for its elaborate and digressive style, reflecting on human emotions and conditions.
• Thomas Hobbes' "Leviathan" is a foundational text in Western political philosophy, advocating for a social contract and sovereign authority.
• P. B. Shelley's "Defence of Poetry" is an essay that argues for the importance of poetry in society and its transformative power.
• Matthew Arnold's "Culture and Anarchy" is a collection of essays that explore the role of culture in society and critique the social and political issues of the time.
• Walter Pater's "Studies in the History of the Renaissance" emphasizes the importance of aesthetic experience and is considered a key text in the development of the Aesthetic Movement.

Q88: Who among the following is credited with ending the system of patronage with his "Letter to Lord Chesterfield"? 

(a) Bishop Berkeley

(b) Samuel Johnson

(c) Edmund Burke

(d) Horace Walpole

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is Samuel Johnson.

• Samuel Johnson was an English writer, poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor, and lexicographer.
• He is best known for his publication of "A Dictionary of the English Language" in 1755, which had a significant influence on Modern English.
• His "Letter to Lord Chesterfield" is famous for its rejection of patronage and is often credited with ending the system of literary patronage in Britain.
• In the letter, Johnson rebuked Lord Chesterfield for his lack of support during the creation of his dictionary, emphasizing the importance of independence and self-reliance.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Other Related Points

• Bishop Berkeley: An Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism").
• Edmund Burke: An Irish statesman and philosopher, best known for his support of the American colonies and his opposition to the French Revolution.
• Horace Walpole: An English writer and historian, known for his Gothic novel "The Castle of Otranto" and for his extensive correspondence.

Q89: Match the LIST-I with LIST-II 

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

(b) A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

(c) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

(d) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is Option 4.

• Defamiliarization is matched with Viktor Shklovsky.
• The concept of the Uncanny is associated with Sigmund Freud.
• Actor Network Theory is linked to Bruno Latour.
• Homo Sacer is related to Giorgio Agamben.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Other Related Points

• Defamiliarization (Viktor Shklovsky): A literary technique that presents common things in an unfamiliar or strange way to enhance perception of the familiar.
• The Uncanny (Sigmund Freud): A concept where something is strangely familiar, yet foreign at the same time, often evoking a sense of discomfort.
• Actor Network Theory (Bruno Latour): A theoretical and methodological approach to social theory where objects, ideas, processes, and humans are all actors within a network.
• Homo Sacer (Giorgio Agamben): A figure in Roman law who is banned and may be killed by anybody but not sacrificed, used by Agamben to explore states of exception and sovereignty.

Q90: Arrange the following works in the chronological order of their year of publication: 

A. S. Menon Marath's The Wound of Spring

B. Humayun Kabir's Men and Rivers

C. Anand Lall's The House at Adampur

D. Sudhindra N. Ghose's The Vermillion Boat

E. Ved Mehta's Delinquent Chacha

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(a) E, D, C, B. A

(b) B, D, C, A. E

(c) A, B, C, D, E

(d) D, C, B, A. E

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is 'B, D, A, E, C'.

• B: Humayun Kabir's Men and Rivers was published in 1947, making it the earliest work among the listed ones.
• D: Sudhindra N. Ghose's The Vermillion Boat was published in 1953, following Kabir's work.
• A: S. Menon Marath's The Wound of Spring was published in 1960, placing it after Ghose’s work.
• E: Ved Mehta's Delinquent Chacha was published in 1966, coming next in chronological order.
• C: Anand Lall's The House at Adampur was published in 1968, making it the most recently published among these works.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Q91: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows:- 

One key development in the evolving discussion surrounding popular culture which occurred during the early twentieth century was the association of popular culture with the United States of America. Through Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment, USA was beginning to exercise international cultural influence. The term 'Mass culture' is particularly relevant in this context as it refers to both the effects of American culture as well as to a specific theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period. Dominic Strinati contends in his An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture (1995) that 'mass culture refers to popular culture which is produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers. Such a view of popular culture argues that the industrial revolution produces a series of atomised individuals who had not only lost touch with the communities of shared interest to which they once belonged but that they had also been subjected to the process of mechanisation and alienation. This rendered them ripe for systematic cultural manipulation through uniform, mass produced formulaic products designed to evoke frivolous, escapist and superficial pleasures.

 What is the meaning of 'Atomised individuals' in the above paragraph ? 

(a) Mechanised individuals

(b) Organic individuals

(c) Scientific individuals

(d) Both mechanised and alienated individual

Ans: d

Sol: 

•  'Atomised individuals' refers to people who have become isolated or disconnected from their community and are experiencing the effects of mechanisation and alienation.
• This term suggests that individuals are no longer connected to communal ties and have become separated, making them more susceptible to manipulation and control by mass-produced culture.
• In the context of the passage, this indicates that these individuals are both mechanised, in the sense that they are part of an industrial system, and alienated, meaning they feel isolated and detached from meaningful social connections.

Q92: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows:- 

One key development in the evolving discussion surrounding popular culture which occurred during the early twentieth century was the association of popular culture with the United States of America. Through Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment, USA was beginning to exercise international cultural influence. The term 'Mass culture' is particularly relevant in this context as it refers to both the effects of American culture as well as to a specific theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period. Dominic Strinati contends in his An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture (1995) that 'mass culture refers to popular culture which is produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers. Such a view of popular culture argues that the industrial revolution produces a series of atomised individuals who had not only lost touch with the communities of shared interest to which they once belonged but that they had also been subjected to the process of mechanisation and alienation. This rendered them ripe for systematic cultural manipulation through uniform, mass produced formulaic products designed to evoke frivolous, escapist and superficial pleasures.

 Systematic culture manipulation takes place through: 

(a) Mass production of goods

(b) Mass production of culture

(c) Mass production of food

(d) Technological production

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is 'Mass production of culture'.

• The passage discusses 'mass culture,' which involves popular culture produced by industrial techniques of mass production.
• This mass production is specifically related to culture, not other types of goods or products.
• The term 'mass culture' describes cultural products designed and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers.
• It highlights that this mass production involves uniform, formulaic products aimed at evoking frivolous, escapist, and superficial pleasures.
• The passage explains that through this process, individuals are subjected to systematic cultural manipulation.
• This manipulation stems from the mass production of cultural items, aligning with Strinati's views.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Q93: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows:- 

One key development in the evolving discussion surrounding popular culture which occurred during the early twentieth century was the association of popular culture with the United States of America. Through Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment, USA was beginning to exercise international cultural influence. The term 'Mass culture' is particularly relevant in this context as it refers to both the effects of American culture as well as to a specific theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period. Dominic Strinati contends in his An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture (1995) that 'mass culture refers to popular culture which is produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers. Such a view of popular culture argues that the industrial revolution produces a series of atomised individuals who had not only lost touch with the communities of shared interest to which they once belonged but that they had also been subjected to the process of mechanisation and alienation. This rendered them ripe for systematic cultural manipulation through uniform, mass produced formulaic products designed to evoke frivolous, escapist and superficial pleasures.

 When did the popular culture get associated with U.S.A.? 

(a) 19^th Century

(b) 20^th Century

(c) Early 20^th Century

(d) Early 21^st Century

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is 'Early 20th Century'.

• The passage specifies that the key development in associating popular culture with the United States happened during the early twentieth century.
• It mentions that Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment were beginning to exercise international cultural influence at that time.
• This period marks the beginning of America's significant impact on global popular culture.
• The term 'Mass culture' is relevant in this context, referring to both the effects of American culture and the theoretical debate that emerged in the post-war period.
• Strinati's explanation highlights how the industrial revolution and mass production techniques contributed to the phenomenon of mass culture.
• The passage underscores the role of industrial techniques in shaping a mass public of consumers and in promoting cultural products designed for escapist and superficial pleasures.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Q94: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows:- 

One key development in the evolving discussion surrounding popular culture which occurred during the early twentieth century was the association of popular culture with the United States of America. Through Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment, USA was beginning to exercise international cultural influence. The term 'Mass culture' is particularly relevant in this context as it refers to both the effects of American culture as well as to a specific theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period. Dominic Strinati contends in his An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture (1995) that 'mass culture refers to popular culture which is produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers. Such a view of popular culture argues that the industrial revolution produces a series of atomised individuals who had not only lost touch with the communities of shared interest to which they once belonged but that they had also been subjected to the process of mechanisation and alienation. This rendered them ripe for systematic cultural manipulation through uniform, mass produced formulaic products designed to evoke frivolous, escapist and superficial pleasures.

 What is the core issue discussed in the above paragraph? 

(a) Mass culture

(b) Elite culture

(c) High culture

(d) Low culture

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is 'Mass culture'.

• The passage focuses on the development and discussion of popular culture, particularly linking it to the influence of the United States starting in the early twentieth century.
• The term 'mass culture' is emphasized as being particularly relevant in this context, relating to both the effects of American culture and theoretical debates that emerged in America during the post-war period.
• Dominic Strinati's definition of 'mass culture' highlights it as popular culture produced through industrial mass production techniques and marketed to a wide audience for profit.
• The passage explains how the industrial revolution led to individuals becoming atomized and disconnected from traditional community ties, making them more susceptible to cultural manipulation.
• This manipulation occurs through uniform, mass-produced cultural products designed to provide superficial and escapist pleasures.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Q95: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows:- 

One key development in the evolving discussion surrounding popular culture which occurred during the early twentieth century was the association of popular culture with the United States of America. Through Hollywood and associated modes of popular entertainment, USA was beginning to exercise international cultural influence. The term 'Mass culture' is particularly relevant in this context as it refers to both the effects of American culture as well as to a specific theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period. Dominic Strinati contends in his An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture (1995) that 'mass culture refers to popular culture which is produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, and marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers. Such a view of popular culture argues that the industrial revolution produces a series of atomised individuals who had not only lost touch with the communities of shared interest to which they once belonged but that they had also been subjected to the process of mechanisation and alienation. This rendered them ripe for systematic cultural manipulation through uniform, mass produced formulaic products designed to evoke frivolous, escapist and superficial pleasures.

 "Mass Culture" refers to: 

(a) Only the effects of American culture.

(b) Specific theoretical debate in America during post-war period.

(c) Theoretical debates in America during pre-war period.

(d) Both the effects of American culture and theoretical debates during post war period.na

Ans: d

Sol: The correct answer is 'Both the effects of American culture and theoretical debates during post-war period'.

• The passage specifically mentions that 'mass culture' is associated with the effects of American culture and a theoretical debate that emerged in America during the post-war period.
• The term 'mass culture' refers to popular culture produced by the industrial techniques of mass production, marketed for profit to a mass public of consumers.
• The association of American popular culture with the early twentieth century is tied to Hollywood and other modes of popular entertainment exerting international influence.
• Dominic Strinati's definition includes the idea of mass media shaping individuals who have become disconnected from traditional community bonds due to industrialization.
• This disconnection, according to Strinati, makes individuals susceptible to cultural manipulation through uniform, mass-produced products.
• The post-war theoretical debate involves discussions about the impacts of these mass-produced cultural products on consumers and society at large.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Q96: Read the following poem and answer the questions that follows:- 

In all my wand'rings round this world of care,

In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share

I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown,

Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down;

To husband out life's taper at the close,

And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill,

Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw,

And tell of all I felt, and all I saw.

 What is the mood of the poem? 

(a) Pessimistic

(b) Optimistic and resolute

(c) Jovial

(d) Envious

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is 'Optimistic and resolute'.

• The speaker expresses hope and anticipation for the future, even amidst the hardships faced ("I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown").
• The poet refers to aspirations of peacefully ending life in a humble environment ("Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down").
• There's a desire to conserve energy and maintain the vitality of life during its final stages ("To husband out life's taper at the close").
• The poet wishes to continue enriching his life by displaying his knowledge and sharing experiences with others ("Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill").
• The speaker seeks to gather friends and share stories of personal experiences, indicating a resolution to find contentment in simple joys ("Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw, And tell of all I felt, and all I saw").
• The general tone combines an acknowledgment of past griefs with a steady resolve to find solace and fulfillment in the remaining years.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Other Related Points

• Pessimistic: The speaker acknowledges past griefs but primarily focuses on hope and future aspirations.
• Jovial: The poem conveys a thoughtful and anticipatory mood rather than a joyful or merry one.
• Envious: There is no indication of envy; the focus is on the speaker's own hopes and contentment.

Q97: Read the following poem and answer the questions that follows:- 

In all my wand'rings round this world of care,

In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share

I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown,

Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down;

To husband out life's taper at the close,

And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill,

Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw,

And tell of all I felt, and all I saw.

 Identify the meter in the poem. 

(a) Iambic trimeter

(b) Iambic tetrameter

(c) Iambic pentameter

(d) Iambic hexameter

Ans: c

Sol: The correct answer is 'Iambic pentameter'.

• The structure of the poem consists of lines with ten syllables each, typical of iambic pentameter.
• Iambic pentameter is characterized by five iambic feet per line, each foot having an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (da-DUM).
• For example, in the line "In all my wand'rings round this world of care," the pattern of unstressed and stressed syllables is maintained.
• Another example from the poem, "I still had hopes, for pride attends us still," also follows the iambic pentameter pattern.
• The regular rhythm and flow of the poem support the identification of iambic pentameter.
• This meter is a common form in English poetry, often used by poets such as Shakespeare in their sonnets and plays.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Other Related Points

• Iambic trimeter: Consists of three iambic feet per line, which does not match the ten-syllable structure of this poem.
• Iambic tetrameter: Consists of four iambic feet per line, which would result in an eight-syllable line, not ten.
• Iambic hexameter: Consists of six iambic feet per line, leading to a twelve-syllable line, not ten.

Q98: Read the following poem and answer the questions that follows:- 

In all my wand'rings round this world of care,

In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share

I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown,

Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down;

To husband out life's taper at the close,

And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill,

Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw,

And tell of all I felt, and all I saw.

 Identify the rhyme scheme in the poem. 

(a) aa bb cc dd ee

(b) abcd abcd ee

(c) aaab abca aa

(d) abcd ef ef gg

Ans: a

Sol: The correct answer is 'aa bb cc dd ee'.

• To identify the rhyme scheme, we need to look at the end words of each line and see which lines rhyme with each other.
• Let's analyze the end words of each line in the poem:
• In all my wand'rings round this world of care (A) In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share (A)
• I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown (B) Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down (B)
• To husband out life's taper at the close (C) And keep the flame from wasting by repose (C)
• I still had hopes, for pride attends us still (D) Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill (D)
• Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw (E) And tell of all I felt, and all I saw (E)
• Each pair of lines rhymes with each other, resulting in the rhyme scheme 'aa bb cc dd ee'.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Q99: Read the following poem and answer the questions that follows:- 

In all my wand'rings round this world of care,

In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share

I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown,

Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down;

To husband out life's taper at the close,

And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill,

Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw,

And tell of all I felt, and all I saw.

 What does the poem say about the nature of the world? 

(a) It's full of joy

(b) It's full of care and hope

(c) Its full of desertion

(d) It's full of wonders

Ans: b

Sol: The correct answer is 'It's full of care and hope'.

• The poem begins by mentioning "wand'rings round this world of care," indicating that the world is filled with concerns and responsibilities.
• The speaker acknowledges that they have experienced their share of griefs ("In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share").
• Despite the challenges and sorrows, the speaker expresses hope for the future ("I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown").
• The desire to peacefully end life in a humble environment shows an aspiration for tranquility amidst the care ("Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down").
• The intention to "keep the flame from wasting by repose" reflects a hopeful approach to conserving life's energy and maintaining a positive outlook.
• The poem balances the recognition of life's difficulties with an optimistic vision of personal fulfillment and contentment.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Other Related Points

• It's full of joy: The poem acknowledges both care and hope, not solely joyful experiences.
• Its full of desertion: This is not implied; the poem reflects on personal care and hope instead of abandonment.
• It's full of wonders: The emphasis is more on care and hope rather than wonders.

Q100: Read the following poem and answer the questions that follows:- 

In all my wand'rings round this world of care,

In all my griefs-and God has giv'n my share

I still had hopes, my latest hours to crown,

Amidst these humble bow'rs to lay me down;

To husband out life's taper at the close,

And keep the flame from wasting by repose;

I still had hopes, for pride attends us still,

Amidst the swains to show my book learn'd skill,

Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw,

And tell of all I felt, and all I saw.

 What does the poet intend to do in life? 

(a) To showcase his talent in singing

(b) To complain to God about his misery

(c) To complain to the king about injustice

(d) To share his life experience

Ans: d

Sol: 

• In the poem, the poet expresses a desire to draw a group of people around his fire to share his life experiences.
• The poet mentions he wants to tell others about all he felt and saw.
• This intention is revealed in the lines "Around my fire an ev'ning group to draw, And tell of all I felt, and all I saw."
• Such expressions clearly indicate the poet's wish to share his life experiences with others.