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Unit Test: Pastoralists in the Modern World | Social Studies (SST) Class 9 PDF Download

Time: 1 hour
M.M.: 30
Attempt all questions.
Question numbers 1 to 5 carry 1 mark each.
Question numbers 6 to 8 carry 2 marks each.
Question numbers 9 to 11 carry 3 marks each.
Question numbers 12 & 13 carry 5 marks each.

Q1: Which pastoral community in Jammu and Kashmir migrates annually between summer and winter grazing grounds with their herds of goats and sheep? (1 Mark)
(a) 
Dhangars
(b) 
Raikas
(c) 
Gujjar Bakarwals
(d) 
Gollas

Q2: What term refers to the vast natural pastures on high mountains in the Himalayas, like those used by Gujjar cattle herders in summer? (1 Mark)
(a) 
Bhabar
(b) 
Bugyals
(c) 
Kafila
(d)
Dhandi

Q3: Which colonial law classified many pastoralist communities as 'Criminal Tribes' in 1871? (1 Mark)
(a) 
Waste Land Rules
(b)
Forest Acts
(c) 
Grazing Tax
(d) 
Criminal Tribes Act

Q4: In Africa, which pastoral community lost about 60% of their pre-colonial grazing lands due to European settlement and international boundaries? (1 Mark)
(a) 
Bedouins
(b) 
Maasai
(c) 
Berbers
(d) 
Somali

Q5: What was the primary reason pastoralists like Dhangars welcomed by Konkani peasants during their migration? (1 Mark)
(a) 
Trade in blankets
(b) 
Sale of milk
(c)
Manuring fields with flocks
(d) 
Sharing harvests

Q6: Describe the seasonal movement pattern of the Gaddi shepherds in Himachal Pradesh. (2 Marks)

Q7: How did the Waste Land Rules affect pastoralists under colonial rule? (2 Marks)

Q8: What challenges did the Maasai face during droughts after colonial restrictions? (2 Marks)

Q9: Explain how Forest Acts changed the lives of pastoralists in India. (3 Marks)

Q10: Describe the lifestyle and movements of the Raikas in Rajasthan. (3 Marks)

Q11: How did pastoralists in India cope with changes under colonial rule? (3 Marks)

Q12: Discuss the impact of colonial rule on pastoralists in India, including specific laws and their consequences. (5 Marks)

Q13: Compare the experiences of pastoralists in India and Africa under colonialism, focusing on land loss and adaptations. (5 Marks)

The document Unit Test: Pastoralists in the Modern World | Social Studies (SST) Class 9 is a part of the Class 9 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 9.
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FAQs on Unit Test: Pastoralists in the Modern World - Social Studies (SST) Class 9

1. What are the primary characteristics of pastoralist societies in the modern world?
Ans. Pastoralist societies are typically characterized by their reliance on the herding and breeding of livestock as a primary means of subsistence. These communities often move seasonally to find fresh pastures for their animals, a practice known as transhumance. Additionally, pastoralists maintain a deep cultural connection to their animals, which are not only sources of food and income but also hold social and cultural significance. The modern world has seen some pastoralists adapting to new technologies and market economies while striving to preserve their traditional lifestyles.
2. How do pastoralists contribute to the economy in contemporary societies?
Ans. Pastoralists contribute significantly to the economy through the production of meat, milk, and wool, which are essential commodities in both local and global markets. Their livestock can provide a sustainable source of income, especially when integrated into modern supply chains. Moreover, pastoralists often engage in trade, selling not only their animal products but also handicrafts and other goods. This economic activity helps support rural economies and enhances food security in many regions.
3. What challenges do modern pastoralists face today?
Ans. Modern pastoralists face several challenges, including climate change, which affects grazing patterns and water availability. Land tenure issues and encroachment by agriculture and urban development also pose significant threats to their traditional grazing lands. Additionally, pastoralists may struggle with access to markets, healthcare, and education, which can hinder their ability to adapt to changing circumstances and improve their livelihoods.
4. How does climate change impact pastoralist communities?
Ans. Climate change significantly impacts pastoralist communities by altering rainfall patterns, leading to droughts or excessive flooding, which can affect the availability of pasture and water for livestock. These changes can result in decreased animal health and productivity, forcing pastoralists to adapt their grazing strategies and sometimes leading to conflicts over scarce resources. Additionally, the increased frequency of extreme weather events can disrupt traditional migration routes and threaten the sustainability of pastoralist livelihoods.
5. What role do policies play in the lives of pastoralists?
Ans. Policies can greatly influence the lives of pastoralists by determining land rights, access to resources, and the support they receive from governments. Effective policies that recognize and protect the rights of pastoralists can help secure their livelihoods and promote sustainable practices. Conversely, policies that favor agricultural expansion or urban development can marginalize pastoralist communities, leading to loss of land and resources. Advocacy for inclusive policies that consider the unique needs and contributions of pastoralists is essential for their continued existence in the modern world.
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