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Water Potential in Plants Video Lecture | Biology for JAMB

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FAQs on Water Potential in Plants Video Lecture - Biology for JAMB

1. What is water potential in plants?
Ans. Water potential in plants refers to the potential energy of water molecules in a plant system. It determines the direction and rate of water movement within plants and is affected by factors such as solute concentration, pressure, and gravity.
2. How is water potential measured in plants?
Ans. Water potential in plants is commonly measured using a pressure chamber or a psychrometer. The pressure chamber method involves placing a leaf or plant sample in a sealed chamber and gradually increasing the pressure until water droplets form. The pressure at which the droplets form is the plant's water potential. Psychrometers measure water potential by comparing the rate of water evaporation from a plant sample to that of a reference solution.
3. What factors affect water potential in plants?
Ans. Several factors affect water potential in plants, including solute concentration, pressure, and gravity. Solute concentration, or osmotic potential, is influenced by the number and type of solutes present in the plant's cells. Pressure potential, also known as turgor pressure, is determined by the pressure exerted by cell walls against the protoplast. Gravity can also affect water potential, as it can cause water to be distributed unequally within the plant.
4. How does water potential impact plant cells?
Ans. Water potential plays a crucial role in the movement of water within plant cells. When the water potential outside a plant cell is higher than inside, water moves into the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to become turgid. Conversely, if the external water potential is lower, water moves out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage or wilting. The balance of water potential is essential for maintaining cell turgidity and overall plant health.
5. How does water potential affect water uptake by plant roots?
Ans. Water potential gradient between the soil and plant roots drives water uptake by plants. If the water potential in the soil is higher than in the roots, water moves into the roots through osmosis. However, if the water potential in the soil is lower, water uptake is hindered. This is why plants struggle to absorb water from dry soils or when the soil's water potential is reduced. Water potential acts as the driving force for water movement from the soil to the roots.
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