Worksheet: Interior of the Earth | Geography Class 11 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

Fill in the Blanks

Q1: The Earth's radius is approximately __________ km.

Q2: Direct sources of information about the Earth's interior include rock materials from __________ areas.

Q3: The deepest drill at Kola, in the Arctic Ocean, has reached a depth of __________ km.

Q4: The point inside the Earth where an earthquake's energy is released is known as the __________.

Q5: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is called the __________.

Q6: Seismic waves provide a complete picture of the Earth's __________ interior.

Q7: Earthquakes occur due to the release of __________.

Q8: The instrument used to record earthquake waves is called a __________.

Q9: The two types of earthquake waves are __________ and __________ waves.

Q10: The velocity of seismic waves changes as they travel through materials with different __________.

Assertion and Reason Based

Q1: Assertion: Earthquakes occur in the lithosphere.
Reason: The lithosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth's crust.
(a) Both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Q2: Assertion: Gravity values differ at different latitudes on the Earth's surface.
Reason: This variation in gravity is primarily due to changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
(a) Both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Q3: Assertion: The point where energy is released during an earthquake is called the focus.
Reason: The epicenter is always located below the focus.
(a) Both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Q4: Assertion: Direct sources of information about the Earth's interior include volcanic eruptions.
Reason: Magma from volcanic eruptions provides materials for laboratory analysis.
(a) Both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Q5: Assertion: Seismic activity is one of the most important sources of information about the Earth's interior.
Reason: Seismic waves generated during earthquakes provide insights into the Earth's composition.
(a) Both the assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: List two direct sources of information about the Earth's interior.

Q2: Provide an example of a direct source of information about the Earth's interior.

Q3: What is the focus of an earthquake also known as?

Q4: Explain why earthquakes occur.

Q5: What are seismic waves?

Q6: What is the role of a seismograph in studying earthquakes?

Q7: Name the two types of earthquake waves.

Q8: How do body waves differ from surface waves?

Q9: How does the velocity of seismic waves change when they travel through denser materials?

Q10: What is a gravity anomaly?

Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: Explain the difference between direct and indirect sources of information about the Earth's interior. Provide examples for each.

Q2: Describe the process of energy release during an earthquake, including the terms focus and epicenter.

Q3: How do seismic waves help scientists understand the Earth's interior structure?

Q4: Discuss the factors that influence the reading of gravity at different places on Earth's surface.

Q5: Explain how magnetic surveys provide information about the distribution of materials in the Earth's crust.

Q6: What is the lithosphere, and why is it significant in the context of earthquakes?

Q7: Define the terms "body waves" and "surface waves" in the context of earthquake waves.

Q8: How do seismic waves change in velocity and direction as they travel through materials with different densities?

Long Answer Type Questions

Q1: Discuss the various methods and projects that scientists use to obtain direct information about the Earth's interior. Provide details about their significance.

Q2: Explore the role of seismic activity as a crucial source of information about the Earth's interior. Explain how seismic waves are generated and what they reveal about the Earth's composition and structure.

Q3: Explain the concept of gravity anomalies and their significance in understanding the distribution of mass in the Earth's crust. Provide examples and discuss the factors that cause gravity anomalies.

Q4: Elaborate on the relationship between earthquakes, fault lines, and the release of energy. Describe how this release of energy generates seismic waves and discuss the importance of understanding earthquake waves for studying the Earth's interior.