Worksheet Solutions: Geography as a Discipline | Geography Class 11 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

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Q1: The term "geography" was first coined by ___________.
Ans: Eratosthenes
Eratosthenes, a Greek scholar, is credited with coining the term "geography." He was one of the early geographers and made significant contributions to the field.

Q2: The word "geography" is derived from the Greek words "geo" (earth) and "graphos" ___________.
Ans: Description
The term "geography" is derived from two Greek roots, "geo" meaning "earth" and "graphos" meaning "description." This etymology highlights the essence of geography as the description of the Earth and its features.

Q3: Geography is about understanding the complexity of our world and appreciating the diversity of ___________.
Ans: Cultures
Geography is not just about studying physical features but also understanding how they interact with human societies and cultures. It helps us appreciate the diversity of cultures across the globe, as geography plays a crucial role in shaping the way people live, their customs, and their relationships with the environment.

Q4: Plateaus provide ___________ and minerals.
Ans: Forests
Plateaus are elevated landforms that often have forests and mineral resources. These natural features make plateaus important for various ecological and economic purposes.

Q5: Mountains provide pastures, forests, tourist spots, and serve as sources of ___________.
Ans: Rivers
Mountains are dynamic landforms that offer various resources and opportunities. They provide pastures for grazing, forests for resources, attract tourists due to their scenic beauty, and serve as the source of rivers, contributing to water supply in lower regions.

Q6: Primitive societies subsisted on natural means of ___________.
Ans: Subsistence
In primitive societies, people relied on natural resources for their livelihood. They met their basic needs for food, shelter, and other essentials from the environment without extensive technology or infrastructure.

Q7: Geography is an integrating discipline with interfaces to numerous ___________ and ___________ sciences.
Ans: Natural and Social
Geography is interdisciplinary, meaning it connects with and integrates knowledge from various fields, including natural sciences (like geology, meteorology) and social sciences (like sociology, political science). It combines insights from multiple disciplines to provide a comprehensive understanding of the Earth's features and human activities.

Q8: In traditional warfare, countries with large size gain time at the cost of ___________.
Ans: Space
In traditional warfare, countries with vast territories have an advantage in terms of resources, manpower, and strategic depth. They can "gain time" to mobilize and respond to threats while potentially trading space or territory. This concept highlights the strategic importance of space and territory in warfare.

Q9: Political geography is interested in the study of the state as a spatial unit and ___________.
Ans: Political behavior
Political geography focuses on the spatial aspects of political entities, such as states and their boundaries. It also examines political behavior, including how people's actions and decisions are influenced by geographical factors.

Q10: Economics deals with attributes of the economy, including production, distribution, exchange, and ___________.
Ans: Consumption
Economics is the study of how societies manage their resources and allocate them for various purposes. It encompasses key aspects like production (creating goods and services), distribution (how they are shared), exchange (trade), and consumption (use by individuals and businesses). These elements are essential in understanding economic systems and activities.

Assertion and Reason Based

Q1: Assertion: Geography is an integrating discipline.
Reason: It combines knowledge from various fields like physical and social sciences.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.
Ans: (a)
In this case, both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason indeed explains why geography is considered an integrating discipline. Geography combines knowledge from various fields, including physical sciences (e.g., geology, meteorology) and social sciences (e.g., sociology, political science). The reason provides a valid explanation for the assertion.

Q2: Assertion: Mountains provide pastures, forests, and tourist spots.
Reason: Mountains are not important for tourism.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.
Ans: (c)
In this case, the assertion is correct. Mountains do indeed provide pastures, forests, and tourist spots. However, the reason is incorrect. Mountains are, in fact, important for tourism. They attract tourists due to their scenic beauty, outdoor recreational activities, and adventure tourism, making them significant tourist destinations.

Q3: Assertion: Biogeography includes Plant Geography and Zoo Geography.
Reason: Biogeography is unrelated to the study of animals and plants.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.
Ans: (b)
The assertion is correct. Biogeography includes both Plant Geography and Zoo Geography as its branches. However, the reason is not the correct explanation. Biogeography is indeed related to the study of animals and plants. It focuses on the spatial patterns and geographic characteristics of living organisms and their habitats.

Q4: Assertion: Geography is concerned with questions about "what," "where," and causal relationships.
Reason: Geography only focuses on questions about "what" and "where."
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.
Ans: (c)
The assertion is correct. Geography is concerned with questions about "what" (identifying patterns and features), "where" (determining their distribution), and causal relationships (explaining why they occur). However, the reason is incorrect because geography does encompass questions related to causal relationships, not just "what" and "where."

Q5: Assertion: Economic Geography studies agriculture, industry, and transportation.
Reason: Transportation is not a part of economic geography.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect.
Ans: (d)
The assertion is incorrect. Economic Geography indeed studies agriculture, industry, and transportation, among other economic activities. Transportation is an essential component of economic geography as it influences the movement of goods, people, and the spatial organization of economic activities. Therefore, the assertion is not accurate.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: Who coined the term "Geography"?
Ans: Eratosthenes

Q2: What does the word "geography" mean in Greek?
Ans: Earth, description

Q3: How do landforms influence human activities?
Ans: Landforms provide the base for human activities. Plains are used for agriculture, plateaus for resources, and mountains for various purposes.

Q4: Name the branches of physical geography.
Ans: Geomorphology, Climatology, Hydrology, Soil Geography

Q5: What is the core concern of political science in geography?
Ans: Territory, people, sovereignty

Q6: List some attributes studied in economic geography.
Ans: Production, distribution, exchange, consumption

Q7: What is the core concern of political science in geography?
Ans: Territory, people, sovereignty

Q8: Name the three branches of Biogeography.
Ans: Plant Geography, Zoo Geography, Ecology

Q9: What is the primary focus of Plant Geography?
Ans: Spatial pattern of natural vegetation

Q10: What is the main concern of Ecology in Biogeography?
Ans: Scientific study of habitats characteristic of species

Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: Why is geography considered an integrating discipline?
Ans: Geography is considered an integrating discipline because it combines knowledge from various fields, such as physical and social sciences, to understand the complex relationships between different natural and human phenomena.

Q2: How have geographical factors modified the course of history?
Ans: Geographical factors have modified history by influencing landforms, climate, vegetation, economic activities, occupations, and cultural developments. These changes follow a historical course.

Q3: Provide examples of how mountains serve various purposes.
Ans: Mountains provide pastures for grazing, forests for resources, tourist spots for recreation, and serve as sources of rivers, providing water to lowlands.

Q4: What is the core concern of political geography?
Ans: The core concern of political geography is the study of the state as a spatial unit, political behavior, and the study of boundaries and space relations between political units.

Q5: Name and briefly explain the branches of physical geography.
Ans:

• Geomorphology studies landforms and their evolution.
• Climatology studies the atmosphere and weather.
• Hydrology studies water bodies and their effects.
• Soil Geography studies soil processes, types, and use.
  
  

Q6: What is population and settlement geography concerned with?
Ans: Population and settlement geography studies population growth, distribution, density, migration, and occupational structure. Settlement geography focuses on the characteristics of rural and urban settlements.

Q7: Describe the scope of economic geography.
Ans: Economic geography studies economic activities, including agriculture, industry, tourism, trade, infrastructure, and services.

Q8: Why is historical geography important?
Ans: Historical geography studies the historical processes through which space gets organized, considering temporal changes in geographical features.

Long Answer Type Questions

Q1: Explain the role of geography in understanding the complexity of the world and its diversity. Provide examples.
Ans: Geography plays a crucial role in understanding the complexity of the world and appreciating its diversity. It helps us comprehend the interactions between physical and human features on the Earth's surface. For instance, geography helps us understand how landforms, climate, and vegetation influence human settlements and cultures. Mountains not only provide resources but also shape the way people live in different regions. Additionally, geography aids in studying the distribution of resources and populations, which can lead to an understanding of economic and social disparities. Overall, geography offers insights into how our world is interconnected and how diverse cultures and environments exist across continents.

Q2: Describe the various branches of geography based on the systematic approach and their significance.
Ans: Branches of Geography based on Systematic Approach:

• Physical Geography: This includes Geomorphology, Climatology, Hydrology, and Soil Geography. Geomorphology studies landforms, their evolution, and processes. Climatology delves into atmospheric structure and weather. Hydrology covers water bodies and their effects. Soil Geography focuses on soil formation, types, fertility, distribution, and use.
• Human Geography: It encompasses Social/Cultural Geography, Population and Settlement Geography (Rural and Urban), Economic Geography, and Historical Geography.
  
  

Q3: Discuss the importance of physical geography and its different components in the study of the Earth's surface.
Ans: Physical geography is important as it forms the foundation for understanding the Earth's surface. It includes the study of:

• Lithosphere: This covers landforms, drainage, relief, and physiography.
• Atmosphere: It focuses on the composition, structure, elements, and controls of weather and climate, including temperature, pressure, winds, precipitation, and climatic types.
• Hydrosphere: This encompasses oceans, seas, lakes, and water bodies' features.
• Biosphere: It studies life forms, including humans and macro-organisms, their sustaining mechanisms, food chains, ecological parameters, and ecological balance.

These components help us comprehend the Earth's physical characteristics, weather patterns, water resources, and ecosystems, ultimately contributing to various scientific disciplines and environmental studies.

Q4: How does geography as a discipline integrate with other fields like history, civics, and economics? Provide examples of these integrations.
Ans: Geography as a discipline integrates with other fields like history, civics, and economics in various ways:

• Geography and History: Geographical factors have significantly shaped historical events. Changes in landforms, climate, and the environment have influenced human activities and cultures. For example, mountainous regions have often determined the course of historical events and cultural developments.
• Geography and Civics: Political geography is concerned with territory, people, sovereignty, and the spatial aspects of states. It aligns with the core concerns of political science, making it essential in understanding political behavior and state boundaries.
• Geography and Economics: Economic geography focuses on the spatial aspects of economic activities like production, distribution, exchange, and consumption. It plays a crucial role in studying trade, industry, and infrastructure. For example, the geography of a region affects its economic activities and trade routes.
• Geography and Environmental Studies: Geography integrates with environmental studies by addressing environmental issues like land degradation, pollution, and conservation. It examines the spatial distribution of environmental problems and helps in devising strategies for conservation and sustainable development.

These integrations emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of geography and its connections with other academic disciplines.