Algae: Characteristics and Examples Video Lecture - NEET

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let us now study about alkene in detail
so first of all let us look at the
general characteristics of algae they
are autotrophic a very important
characteristic because they can repair
their own food with the help of
chlorophyll because of the presence of
the green colored pigment called
chlorophyll they are green in color
talking about your habitat where do they
live they are mostly aquatic maybe
freshwater or mine they can be seen in
lakes as well as in sea they are found
in moist soil or good it is not equity
doesn't mean that it needs complete
water it needs it grows in a place where
there is some water so it can grow even
on land for example on food more soil
provided it is moist provided there is
some water present in that it can be
unicellular colonial or filamentous so
talking about the structure of an algae
it can be unicellular that is made up of
one cell it can be colonial that means
too many alleys living together in a
colony forming a cordon that is what
colonial filamentous means the algae
structure is such that they have thin
hair like filamentous
structure so that is filamentous so all
these three types of structures they can
have now here in this picture you see an
example of an algae right so here do you
see a distant root do you see a distinct
stem or a leaf so everything appears
leave like right everything looks like
some more like a leaf but then again we
don't see the stink leaves so that is
why they are said to be Cala fights
because they do not have babi
differentiation so let us look at some
of the examples of algae so Volvox is
one of the example so this boil fox is
an example of an algae which is colonial
that is it exists in colonies ca can see
too many of them join together to form
this kind of a structure so that is why
Volvox is an example of a colonial algae
so here in this picture you can see
these kind of structures which are
formed inside see this is a big
structure which is formed inside you can
see small similar structures are formed
so these small structures are known as
the daughter colony and this bigger one
is known as the parent colony so the
bigger one as a whole is the parent
colony and inside you have smaller
structures they are known as daughter
colonies so here you can see there are
bridge like structures which actually
connects the different cells so what are
these bridge like structures they are
known as cytoplasmic bridges so what do
these bridges do these ridges actually
try to connect the different cells so it
is an intracellular gel with
reproductive cells and somatic cells so
it acts as a connection between the
group cells so this is void box next
example is Chlamydomonas so
Chlamydomonas is an example of a
unicellular algae so it consists of one
single cell so here you can see this is
just one cell so it exists as a cell it
has a flagellum you can see this
flagella which helps in its movement so
the flashy alarm helps in movement now
if you look at this single cell
structure inside this you see a nucleus
so here you see a pink colored structure
so that is the nucleus this is the
nucleus it also has a cell membrane
which is nothing but a protective
covering of the cell now inside the cell
again it has all the cell organelles
like mitochondria chloroplasts etc
everything are present inside the cell
cytoplasm is present which is the matter
is present inside the cell so this
glamour dominance acts as a unicellular
Ally taking some more examples is you
Lorex so this you love tricks and
generally found in freshwater all matter
in water its body consists of unbranched
filaments
you'll UNIX is an example of a
filamentous algae so this is filamentous
so here you can see it has got filaments
you can see repetitive structures in a
body so the body consists of unbranched
filaments now cells of the filaments are
arranged in two end so you can see these
are the different cells which are
arranged end to end one after the other
so that if you look at the apical cell
this is the epical cell something which
is present towards the apex or towards
the tip so the apical cell is rounded at
its terminal so this is the terminal of
the epical cell which is slightly around
it whereas the basal cell this is the
basal cell the cell which is present
towards the base the basal cell is an
object it now except the basal cell
sorry this is the basal cell except the
basal cell all other cells have
chloroplasts present in them the
chloroplast is an important right
because chloroplast is the cell
organelle which contains the pigment
chlorophyll and chlorophyll is the one
which actually makes the green algae
autotrophic so chloroplast has to be
present in each one of them the next
example that we can talk about is the
spiralizer
spider viral or spillover or whatever
you want it it is known as pyro matter
because of the spiral length structure
so here you can see in this picture you
see the spiral arrangement inside
because of that it is called spider
Rider
so even spider is an example of a
filamentous algae so this is generally
found in freshwater the spiral
arrangement which you see here is
nothing but the arrangement of the
chloroplast so the chloroplast it array
is arranged in a spiral manner it can
the length of a spiral wire can be quite
long it can go up to a few centimeters
also even here the it has a filamentous
structure where the cells are connected
end-to-end synthesis one cell again this
is now
the same this is the third set this is
the first set is the second selling and
this is the third set so cells are
connected one after the other
if you look at the cell wall here the
cell wall has two layers so if you look
at this picture the cell wall has two
layers one is the outer layer and the
other one is the email this outer layer
is made up of pectin and the inner layer
is made up of cellulose chloroplasts are
present embedded in the cytoplasm it is
embedded in the cytoplasm
they are ribbon like here you can see
thin thread like a ribbon like
structures which gives a spiral
appearance of each filament because they
are spirally arranged the next example
is alpha alpha is also known as C let
choose it is often edible in salad in
some of the places people eat it so this
gives a leaf like appearance they
generally grow attached to rocks so with
rocks you generally see this leaf like
structures come up and they are known as
C let's use two layers of irregularly
arranged cells are formed in case of
alpha here also chloroplasts are present
the chloroplasts are generally cup
shaped these are also known as salad
leaves because as I said there people
generally eat it as a part of salad and
the last example would be clad Oh forum
so here again it is of an example of
filamentous algae because you see thin
hair like filaments present in it but in
this case the filaments are branched so
cladding fora has branched filaments so
this cladding for art is often known as
a river with the SOLAS riverbed and it
is also edible in some regions now many
species of this genus Clara fora exist
which are very hard to classify due to
their varied appearance I mean not all
the species of clay Devorah look very
similar to this even though they have
some differences in their appearance but
they are so very similar to each other
that it is very difficult to classify
them into different subgroups so these
are some of the examples of Algy okay so
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