Understanding Charging, Discharging and Earthing Video Lecture - Class 8

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when we are talking about this
electroscope I think it will be a good
idea to discuss about charging and
discharging now whenever we are
providing some charge to an object we
call that as charging that means let us
suppose that an object was neutral
neutral means it had equal amount of
positive and negative charged particles
now if you provide some excess of charge
that means you are charging the body and
just the reverse process is discharging
that means you are removing charge from
a body so charging is providing charge
to an object by means of by various
means like friction conduction etc so we
saw how you can charge an object by
friction friction is nothing but rubbing
so when you are rubbing two objects
you're basically creating friction thank
so we already saw how by rubbing two
objects you can charge an object like
the balloon then it is roughly with your
hair the balloon acquires charge so you
are basically charge of the balloon how
can you charge an object by conduction
production means with the help of a
conducting material like here in this
case when if you look at this initially
the aluminum strips are not charged
right but it is connected to a
conducting material which is this
paperclip now as soon as you bring this
refill that is another charged particle
in contact
so in this conducting material that is
the riffle will conduct the charge and
that's how these two aluminum foils also
get charged so this is the process of
charging so an electroscope at this step
the aluminium points gets charged and
when they give charged what happens
since both of them have like charges so
they tend to move away from each other
they repel each other now what is
discharging so right now these aluminum
foil they have some additional charge if
this is positively charged in case this
material is positively charged then the
these foils are also having positive
charge this charging is that process in
which we take away
extra positive charge from the aluminum
foil strips and what do is that it is
the removal of charge from a charged
object now once these objects are
required to charge how do you remove the
charge from them so that's another
example then instead of the charged
object if you try to touch this wire
with your finger then what happens
thing that actually provides a path for
these excessive charges to get grounded
so the foil strips will lose these extra
charges to the earth through our body so
this process is one discharging so
discharging is nothing but removal of
extra excess of charge from an object
this charging is also termed as earthing
or grounding so we will look at the
example a more common example of
earthing which will help you to
understand it better but I hope you
understand the concept charging means
providing excess of charge to an object
then that is how static electricity is
created and discharging means taking
away the excess charges from an object
so whenever we tend to touch any object
with our skin now our body acts as a
good conductor so therefore those excess
of charges they get a part to get
grounded or to reach the ground and
that's how earthing happens and the
object again becomes neutral now once
these aluminum foils get discharged what
happens they again close together they
come together so they do not get bail
away from each other so now as I was
talking about discharging let us talk
about earning now earthing has a very
important rule in our day-to-day life do
you know how so all of us have a lot of
electric appliances in our house side we
have electric fans tube lights bulbs so
many appliances like the mixer grinder
the refrigerator the television the
washing machine so many different
appliances and they all are dependent on
that electric circuits
so whenever the circuit is complete
we're going to have a complete circuit
only then above flows only then your fan
starts so everywhere the electric
circuit plays a very important role now
when you look at electric circuits a lot
of wires are involved correct so when
you have so many wires and want so much
of current flowing to each of those
wires maintaining taking a safety major
is very very important because when you
actually look at the main line is from
where the current is or from where the
current is going to your house there are
chances that sometimes you might have
voltage fluctuations right and those
voltage fluctuations can actually damage
sometimes the electric appliances in
fact the chances of electric shock is
also more so when you have that that
much of current flowing throughout your
house right so that is where our brain
acts as a safety measure now we will see
what exactly happens in earthing and
what it does that it acts as a safety
measure I think is also termed as
grounding and it is nothing but a
process of sharing charges with the
earth the world is literally earning
what does it mean it means sending the
extra charges to earth so you can very
easily remember if you like this earth
in the world earthing is derived from
earth life because all the extra charges
are being sent to the earth because
wherever you have extra charges only
then like later suppose if you have a
neutral object and if you touch that
neutral object there is notice because
there is no charge they will do if you
see the positively charged nor
negatively charged but if that object
has some charges as soon as you touch it
what happens a current tends to flow
because the excess charges want to flow
it could want to go to the ground now as
soon as silence rose you feel electric
shock right so in earthing what happens
is the size
is prepared in such Chile that we
provide a path for grounding we provide
a path through which all the exes of
charges can actually go to the earth so
therefore you are not left with instance
of charges here and there so you do not
feel the static electricity whenever you
touch anything whenever you touch a
plumb point or whenever you touch a wire
you do not feel it why because all the
excess charges are being earth I will
give you a very common example which all
of you are aware you would have seen the
three pink plugs which are used with
most of your electric appliances mostly
you will see three pink locks why
because three pin plugs are safer when
compared to two big plans so let me
first explain what are these three pins
so what are these three pins for so you
have a socket likeness where you
actually insert the three-pin plug right
okay so why do we have these three
things because these three pins are
connected to three kinds of wire so one
of them is connected to the positive
terminal one of them is connected to a
negative terminal and third one is forth
early so let us first talk about Odin so
inside your house you often see these
head of sockets right so this green wire
that is this particular terminal is
always on grounding or 4:30 so what does
it do it will just take all the excess
charges and it with directly take it to
the ground
so that no excess charges are left over
here so when you do not have any charge
accumulation in the socket then the
chances of electric shock reduces to a
large extent at the same time sometimes
you might have voltage fluctuations or
anything of that sort then also all
excess charges can immediately be
grounded through this so the chances of
damaging the appliances also decreases
now what about the other two pins which
you have now these two pins are core to
the
wires two different kinds of wire to
which they are connected and what are
these wires called you see the second
pin is here and the third one is here so
these are actually connected to the main
electric poles from there you receive
from that from where the electricity is
coming to your house so basically these
three wires three wires which you have
are live wire neutral wire and earthing
so these are the three wires which you
have so these two one of them is
positive one of them is negative so that
is live and neutral and earthing is for
actually removing the excess charges so
sharing charges with the earth is called
earthing so now whenever you are using a
to think love so in to pink love you
need the positive and negative terminal
because without that current will not be
able to flow so like the neutral wires
are there in a two-pin plug then what is
missing everything is missing so that
risk is more in a two-pin plug and
therefore it is always advisable to use
a three-pin plug and not a filter so
this is how earthing acts as a safety
measure for the electric circuits and
appliances used in our house so I think
with this I have given a quiet quite the
detail information about electric
charges what are the types of charges
how conductors can help in charging how
insulators gets charged by rubbing so
all these basic concepts are clear by
now so I think now you are all set to
understand the real concept of lightning
so now you will know that lightning is
not due to God's anger but it is due to
electric discharge it is do it this is
nothing but the storing of charges so
let us now
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