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What is an Electroscope? Video Lecture - Class 8

FAQs on What is an Electroscope? Video Lecture - Class 8

1. What is an electroscope?

Ans. An electroscope is a scientific instrument used to detect the presence and magnitude of electric charges. It consists of a metal rod or needle, usually made of brass or aluminum, attached to a metal plate or disk at the bottom. The needle is enclosed in a glass or plastic case to protect it from external influences.

2. How does an electroscope work?

Ans. An electroscope works based on the principle of electrostatic induction. When a charged object is brought near the metal plate of the electroscope, it induces a separation of charges within the metal rod. The like charges repel each other, causing the needle to move away from the plate. The further the needle moves, the higher the charge on the object.

3. Can an electroscope detect both positive and negative charges?

Ans. Yes, an electroscope can detect both positive and negative charges. When a positively charged object is brought near the electroscope, the like positive charges in the metal rod repel each other and cause the needle to move away from the plate. Similarly, when a negatively charged object is brought near, the like negative charges in the metal rod repel each other and also cause the needle to move away.

4. How can an electroscope be used to determine the type of charge on an object?

Ans. An electroscope can be used to determine the type of charge on an object by a process called charging by induction. First, the electroscope is charged by touching it with a known charge, either positive or negative. Then, the object in question is brought near the metal plate of the electroscope. If the needle moves further away from the plate, it indicates that the object has the same charge as the known charge used to charge the electroscope. If the needle moves closer to the plate, it indicates that the object has the opposite charge.

5. What are the practical applications of an electroscope?

Ans. Electroscope has various practical applications in scientific experiments and demonstrations. It is used to detect and measure the presence of static charges. It is also used to study the behavior of electric charges, such as testing the conductivity of different materials or determining the charge of an object. Additionally, electroscope is employed in atmospheric research to study the presence of ions or electric fields in the atmosphere.

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